scarf的意思英语从句讲解

2021年1月6日发(作者：路坯)
Simple sentence
Compound sentence
Complex sentence
从句 ： 名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同
位语从句）
形容词性从句 (定语从句)
副词性从句（状语从句）
英语中六大从句用法总结
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句，统称为名词性从句
1. 主语从句
subjective clause

一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which,
whether…or…等引导，如果从句较长，谓 语又较短，可用
it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：
It is self-evident that… 很明显的是
It goes without saying that… 不用说
It is asserted that．．． 有人主张……
It is believed that．．． 据信……
It is generally considered that．．． 人们普遍认为……
It is hoped that．．． 人们希望……
It is reported that．．． 据报道……
It is said that．．． 据说……
It is supposed that．．． 据推测．．．
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It is well- known that．．． 众所周知……
It must be admitted that．．． 必须承认……
It cannot be denied that… 不可否认……
It must be pointed out that．．． 需指出的是……
It was told that．．． 据传……
It will be said that．．． 有人会说……
It follows that… 由此可见
It is inappropriate that… ……是不合适的

2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形
式主语。
What we lack is experience.

3)what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意
义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。
How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed
again.
I did know why I felt like crying.

2.宾语从句
objective clause
1）宾语从句可位于 及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词
that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in
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that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭
配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。
*I promised that I would change the situation.
*All this is different from what American young people
would say about friendship.
*He is certain that watching so much television is not good
for children.
*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.

Compliment
2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语
从句移至宾补之后。
He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.

3)在think, believe, suppose, ex pect等动词后的宾语从句
中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾
语从句 则变成肯定形式。
He didn't think that the money was well spent.

2.
表语从句
Predictive clause
Linking verb
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表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。
表语从句除可用that, what, when, why, whether, how等引
导外，还可由because, as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。
如主句主语为reason,只能用that 引导表语从句，不可用
because.
Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there
is no one common type of life in America.

The reason why so many people died there is that there
were not enough food supplies.

It looks as if successful international cultural
communication will make the world smaller.

4.同位语从句
appositional clause
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连
词that引导，由于先行名词的意 义不同，也可用whether,
who, when, where, what, why, h ow等引导。常见的先行名
词有
fact,idea,belief,news,hope,c onclusion,evidence,suggestio
n,order,problem,re port,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位
语从句位于谓语之后。
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She finally made the decision that she would join the
fashion show.

I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.

The news came that their team had won the championship.

5.定语从句
attributive clause
定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以 是一个
句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副
词引导。

*限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先
行词 之后，无逗号，若省去，原句意思不完整。引导定语从
句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等。who,
whom, whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于of
which；which用于指物；th at既可指人也可指物，但只用于
限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行
词 外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。
The computers and cables which make up the Internet are
owned by people and organizations.
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