during是什么意思英语名词性从句__讲解

2021年1月6日发(作者：殷球)
主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句

Whether he will come or not
is not known.
他来不来还不清楚


What he wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚
避免句子头重脚轻 ，常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词 + that从句

It is still a mystery what caused the accident.

（2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
It is certain that he will win the match.

It is true that he has made a very important
discovery in chemistry.


Who will win the match
is still unknown.
谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。

It is known to us how he became a writer.
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

It is strange that he should do that.

It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.

It is important that we all should attend the
meeting.
It is strange that the man should have stuck to his
silly ideas.

Where the English evening will be held has not yet
It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句
been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

It is said that he has gone to shanghai.

That he is late for school
makes the teacher very angry.
他上学迟到让老师很生气
It is known to all that the gun powder was first
invented by the Chinese.

It is suggested that the work （should） be done
with great care.
注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，
谓语动词 要用 虚拟语气 “(should) +do” ，

常用的句型有：
It is necessary ( important, natural, strange, etc. ) that + (should) +do
It is suggested ( requested, proposed, desired, etc. ) that + (should) +do

主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
（2）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
（3）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.

（4）What caused the accident remains unknown.
（5）Whatever you did is right.
（6）Who the watch belongs to was lost is unknown.
四．宾语从句
1. 定义：名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2. 由连接词that引导宾语从句时， that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如
从句是并列句时,第二个分句 前的that不可省。例如：
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什
么都好，别人什么都不好。
We all think (that ) she is working hard and that she will surely go to a very good university. 我们都认为她学习
非常努力，一定能进一个非常好的大学。
3. 在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意
义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
4. 可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语
从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together. 我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
Eg. I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.
He took it for granted that his girlfriend would come back again.他想当然的认为女朋友会再回来。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral. 开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器
处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
5. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导
的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
6. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和 谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether
与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；
d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。
Eg. Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?现在的问题是她是否应该有一个低意
见的测试？
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留？
7. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。例
如：
He studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）
He studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）
I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）
He has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的 过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，
过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象 ，则从句仍用现在时态。例如：
He says he studies English every day.
The teacher told us that Tom had left for America．
8. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。
即将从句中的否 定形式移到主句中。例如：
We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做
。
宾语从句
宾语从句的连接词有三类：
1. 由从属连词引导的宾语从句
2. 由连接代词引导的宾语从句
3. 由连接副词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句应该注意的7个问题：
1. 宾语从句的语序：在宾语从句中需要用陈述句的语序。
2. 宾语从句的时态：
（1）主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态没有限制，
根据实际情况选择适当的时态即可。
（2）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，
其宾语从句的时态一般要用相应的过去时态。
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
(宾语从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was going to take care of the baby.
(宾语从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
(宾语从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
3. 动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等 后有宾语补
足语时，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。