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英语知识点汇总
一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus- buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch- watches
3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加- es,如:family-families,
strawberry- strawberries
4.以―f或fe‖结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice,child-children, foot-feet,
tooth- teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese- Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
a) 单数后加 ‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt
b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ‘如: his friends‘ bags
c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ‘s children‘s shoes
在并列名词中,如果把 ‘s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike‘s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加‘s
Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用― of +名词‖来表示所有关系:如:
a picture of the classroom a map of China
二. 冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:
(1) 不定冠词:a / an
(2) 元音读音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange /
an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress
/ an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an
old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an
art lesson /
(3)定冠词:the
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.
(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school.
(4)在序数词前: John‘s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers.
(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday.
(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess
at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级
(一)、形容词的比较级
1. 形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面
一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than
后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。
2. 形容词加er的规则:
⑴ 一般在词尾加er ;
⑵ 以字母e 结尾,加r ;
⑶ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;
⑷ 以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
3. 不规则形容词比较级:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副词的比较级
-花蕾
-acei
-耗油
-东西
-eft
-斗笠
-dino
-试试
本文更新与2021-01-06 13:47,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/497165.html
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