scream什么意思英语文化常识

2021年1月6日发(作者：姜一)
今日话题：辅音如何分类
1. 发音部位（places of articulation） ：双唇音
(bilabial)、唇齿音(labiodental)、齿间音(dental)等；< br>2.发音方法(manners of articulation)：、爆破音(stop)、
摩擦音(fricatives)、破擦音(affricates)、鼻音(nasal)、
边音(l ateral)等；
3.声带状态：清辅音、浊辅音。
因此更正第七期第十道
10. English consonants can be classified into stops, fri
catives, nasals, etc, in terms of ____
A manner of articulation B openness of mouth
C place of articulation D voicing
选择A而不是C
1. St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by bot
h ____
A America and Mexico B America and Canada
C America and Cuba D America and Brazil
2. European settlement of Australia began in the late p
art of ____ when a British penal colony was establishe
d on the east coast of the continent.
A the 16th century B the 17th century C the 18th centu
ry D the 19th century
3. Which sport is supposed to be America’ｓ national sp
ort and used to be call “American favorable pastime’ｓ
”?
A baseball B basketball C rugby D cricket
4. The largest city in New Zealand is ____
A Auckland B Wellington C Christchurch D Dunedin
5. After Adam Bede,____wrote The Mill on the Floss
and Silas Marner in which moral problems are discuss
ed and psychological analysis of characters are empha
sized.
A George Eliot B Jane Austin C George Dickens D Ch
arlotte Bronte
of the following odes are written by John Keats
EXCEPT____
A Ode to Autumn B Ode to a Nightingale
C Ode to a Skylark D Ode on Melancholy
7. Of____’ｓ four famous comedies, the best known is
Lady Windermere’ｓ Fan.
A Oscar Wilde B Richard Sheridan C Bernard Shaw D
Somerset Maugham
8. If the air stream meets with no obstruction when a s
ound is pronounced, it is a(n) ____
A voiced consonant B voiceless consonant C vowel D
explosive
9. The internationally accepted system of phonetic tra
nscription is ____
A I.P.A B I.A.P.S C I.S.S D S.S.I.P
10. With the ____, Latin words were added into the vo
cabulary of the language spoken in Britain.
A invasion of the Romans B Christianization of Britai
n
C Scandinavian invasion D Norman Conquest
答案
BCAAA CACAB
9. 国际音标（international phonetic alphabet）是目前
世界上比较通 行的音标，简称IPA，最初制定于1886
年
每天第一个迎接新一天的国家是哪个呢？
新西兰，由于新西兰整个国家非常狭窄，所以新西
兰的任何地方距离海洋都不超过110公里，全国只
有一个时区。新西兰正好位于国际日期变更线以西
的第一个时区，所以它是第一个迎接新一天的 国
家。
1. It was during ____ reign that the name Great Britai
n came into being.
A Mary’ｓ B Anne’ｓ C Jame II’ｓ D Oliver Cromwell
is Edinburgh?
A In Wales B In Scotland C In Northern Ireland D In I
reland
3. One of the most famous national parks in the U.S. i
s the ____
A Yellowstone National Park B Hyde Park
C Kakadu National Park D American Fishing Center
4. New Zealand is just west of the International Date
Line, so it is the first country to get ____
A frozen B wet C the new day D united
5. is a character in ____
A Tess of the D’Urbervilles B Pride and Prejudice C H
appy Prince D The Mill on the Floss
6. Lyrical Ballads is the joint work between Wordswor
th and his friend____
A Coleridge B Bryon C Keats D Shelly
7.____is the representative work of the Jazz Age
A The Great Gatsby B On the Road C Look Back in A
nger D The Sun Also Rises
8. The distinction of langue and parole is made by ___
_
A Hall B Sapir C Chomsky D Saussure
9. ____examines how meaning is encoded in a langua
ge.
A Semantics B Syntax C Pragmatics D Morphology
sentence “Ｉapologize! belongs to the categor”
y of ____according to the speech act theory.
A. expressive B performative C representative D const
ative
答案
BBACB AADAB
constative为叙述句performative为施为句
美国人口构成
1. The population of the United States is a bit more tha
n 272 million, about 13% of which are Black, 12 % ar
e Hispanic(讲西班牙语的人)，
4% are Asian and the rest are White Americans.
2. It is the third most populous country in the world af
ter China and India.
3. The most populous states are California, Texas, Ne
w York, Florida and Illinois.
4. More than 80% of Americans live in urban areas.
巩固：按照人口数量排列 ，美国在世界排在第几位；
按照面积排，美国又是排第几位呢？
1. Christmas is usually connected to ____
A the reunion of a large family B the eating of Easter e
ggs
C the resurrection of Christ D the forgiving of other’ｓ
sins
2. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America is __
__
A the blacks B the Mexico-Americans
C the Spanish-Americans D the Chinese
3. The British establish ____colonies along the east co
ast of North American between 16.7 and 1733.
A. 11 B 12 C13 D14
4. The largest university in Canada is ____
A Laval University B The University of Toronto
C McGill University D Simon Fraser University
5. Robinson Crusoe is written by ____
A Henry Fielding B Daniel Defoe C Samuel Richards
on D Jonathan Swift
6. ____is written by Walt Whitman.
A Representative Men B English Traits C Nature D Le
aves of Grass
7. ____is not a novelist.
A Henry James B Emily Dickinson C William Dean H
owells D Mark Twain
8. ____is not one of the core branches of linguistics.
A Phonology B Psycho- linguistics C Syntax D Semant
ics
9. ____ is the common factor of the three sounds:[p], [
t], [k]
A voiceless B spread C voiced D nasal
10. English consonants can be classified into stops, fri
catives, nasals, etc, in terms of ____
A manner of articulation B openness of mouth
C place of articulation D voicing
按面积计算，美国继俄罗斯，加拿大，中国之后位< br>居第四。
按人口计算，美国继中国，印度后，居第三。
答案 ACCBB DBBAA
练习题：
national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.
A Robin Hood B Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C The Canterbury Tales D Beowulf
2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on th
e Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.
A The Canterbury Tales B Piers the Plowman
C Sir Gawain and the Green Knight D Beowulf
3. ____was the most famous for The Canterbury Tales.
A Geoffrey Chaucer B John Milton
C William Shakespeare D Francis Bacon
4. Most of the ballads of the 5th century focused on th
e legend about ____ as a heroic figure.
A Green Nights B Gawain
C Robin Hood D Hamlet
the 16th century, Thomas More’ｓ work ____beca
me immediately popular after its publication.
A Paradise Lost B A Pleasant Satire of the Three Estat
es
C Of Beauty D Utopia
6. ____was Edmund Spencer’ｓ masterpiece which has
been regarded as one of the great poems in the English
language.
A Amoretti B The Shepherd’ｓ Calendar
C The Faerie Queen D Four Hymns
7. ____ is from Shakespeare sonnet No.18. ’ｓ
A “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”　
B “To be or not to be: that is the question”　
C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’ｓday”　
D “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”　
8. The vivid portrayal of ____ by Shakespeare in Henr
y IV has earn for him an enviable place in the history
of English literature.
A Julius Caesar B Falstaff C Hamlet D King Henry
four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are
Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ____.
A. Antony and Cleopatra B. Julius Caesar
C Twelfth Night D King Lear
10. Which of the following does not belong to Shakes
peare’ｓ romantic love comedies?
A Twelfth Night B The Tempest
C As You Like It D The Merchant of Venice
练习题答案及题解:
1.D 《贝奥武夫 》是英国一部著名的英国史诗，也
是英国文学中的一部重要作品，用古英语写成。
2.C 《高 文爵士和绿衣》以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题
材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇文学
最优 秀的作品之一。
3. Chaucer被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，他的代表作是
《坎特伯雷故事 集》，它是以本土文学为主流的英
国书面文学历史开始的重要标志。
4.C 英国15十几民谣 大部分是关于流传于英国民间
家喻户晓的传奇人物罗宾汉和他的伙伴们的故事。
民谣中的罗宾汉 是一个仗义疏财，劫富济贫的绿林
好汉。
5.D 托马斯.莫尔是英国重要的早期人文主义者。 他
的著作《乌托邦》勾画出了一个社会平等，财产共
有，人民和谐相处的理想大同国。
6. C 长诗《仙后》是英国杰出诗人Edmund Spencer
的杰作，它是英国诗歌创作的典 范。Spencer在《仙
后》一诗中创造了著名的“斯宾塞诗体”，其影响深
远。
7 .C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’ｓday”源自莎
士比亚著名的第十八首诗。
8.B 喜剧人物福斯坦福是莎士 比亚在《亨利四世》
中创造的一个为百姓喜闻乐见的不朽的艺术形象。
福斯坦福是个50多岁的 破落骑士，爱冒险又胆怯，
喜欢吹牛又贪婪，说谎欺诈，浑水摸鱼，无所不能。
同时他生性幽默 ，喜剧情节和笑料通过他的所言所
行妙趣横生。
9.D 莎士比亚的四大悲剧一般指：Hamlet，Macbeth，
Othello 以及King Lear。
10.B The Tempest 是莎士比亚后期一部浪漫主义传
奇剧，莎士比 亚在创作中坚持人文主义理想，以宽
恕仁爱为主要精神，期创作风格添加了不少浓郁的
浪漫空幻 色彩。
练习题：
1.
A Hemingway’ｓ B Mark Twain’ｓ C Henry Jame’ｓ D F
aulkner’s
period of Old English literatue refers to ____
A 449-1066
B 14thcentury - mid 17th century
C 14th century- mid 18th century
D 16th century- mid 18th century
great transcendental work by Henry David Thor
eau is ____
A Nature B Walden C Experience D Essays
4.____has been entitled the
y
A Philip Freneau B Ralph Waldo Emerson C William
Cullen Bryant D Walt Whitman
5. The emotional effect and social significance made _
___ the first well-known sociological novel in Americ
an Literature.
A The Sun Also Rises B Uncle Tom’ｓ Cabin
C The Old Man and The Sea D Sister Carrie
6. Stephen Crane is famous for ____
A An American Tragedy B The Ambassadors
C Main Street D The Red Badge of Courage
of the following is NOT true for Benjamin Fr
anklin?
A He was a famous writer B He was a member to draf
t the Declaration of Independence
C He was a great scientist D He was once elected Ame
rican President
8. Whitman’ｓ poems are characterized by all the follo
wing features EXCEPT____
A a strict poetic form B a simple and conversational la
nguage C a free and natural rhythmic pattern D an eas
y flow of feelings
an fiction in the 1960s is retered to as ____
A imagism B black humor C new fiction D the Beat G
eneration
m Faukener is the author of ____
A Far From the Madding Crowd B Sound and Fury C
For Whom the Bell Tolls D Scarlet Letter
练习题答案及题解:
1.B 马克吐温的很多短篇小说对Gold Rush（淘金）
进行了很形象的描绘。
2.A Anglo- Saxons所说的语言被称为古英语，
Anglo-Saxons是在五世纪中侵入英国领土的，直到
1066年诺曼公爵政府英格兰，建立诺曼底王朝，才
代替了Anglo- Saxons。
3.B 瓦尔登湖是梭罗最杰出的超验主义作品。
4.A Philip Freneau（1752--1832）被称为“美国诗歌
之父”。著有：The wild Honey Suckle；
To The Memory of Brave Americans。
5.B 汤姆叔叔家的小屋是美国文学史上第一部揭示
黑人被虐待，宣扬 反奴隶制度的小说，激发了社会
各界人士的感情，是一部社会性质很强的小说。
6.D The Red Badge of Courage《红色英勇勋章》是
Stephen Grane的代表作。
7.D Benjamin Franklin 是伟大的作家，科学家，还是美国独立宣言的撰写人之一，但是未曾担任过美
国总统。
8.A Whitman主张自 由诗体，认为诗歌不应该收到
格律约束。他的代表作《草叶集》标志着真正意义
上美国诗歌的诞 生。
9.B 黑色幽默是二十世纪六十年代盛行的小说类
型，用幽默的手法来揭示可悲的现实。
10.B Far From the Madding Crowd为托马斯哈代的
作品；For Whom the Bell Tolls为海明威的作品；
Scarlet Letter为霍桑的作品。
练习题：
1 As a philosophical and literary moment, _____ flour
ished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War.
A modernism B rationalism C sentimentalism D transc
endentalism
2 Poe’ｓ first collection of stories is _____.
A Tales of Traveler
B Leather Stocking Tales
C Canterbury Tales
D Tales of the Goteque and Arabesque
3 Which book is not written by Emerson?
A The American Scholar B Self-Reliance
C Nature D Civil Disobedience
4 The finest example of Hawthorn’ｓ symbolism is the
recreation of Puritan Boston in _____.
A The Scarlet Letter B Young Goodman Brown
C The Marble Fawn D The Ambitious Guest
5 The chief spokesman of New England Transcendent
alism is _____.
A Nathaniel Hawthorn B Ralph Waldo Emerson
C Henry David Thoreau D Washington Irving
6 Transcendentalists recognized _____ as the “highest
power of the soul”.
A intuition B logic C data of senses D thinking
7 Which is regarded as the “Declaration of Intellectual
Independence”?
A The American Scholar B English Traits
C The Conduct of Life D Representative Men
8 American literature produced only one female poet d
uring the nineteenth century. This was _____.
A Anne Bradstreet B Jane Austin
C Emily Dickinson D Harriet Beecher
9 Captain, My Captain is written for _____.
A Lincoln B Whitman C Washington D Hemingway
10 _____ is not written by Washington Irving.
A The Sketch Book B Rip Van Winkle
C The Legend of Sleep Hollow D The Autobiography
练习题答案及题解:
1 D, 从19世纪30年代到内战期间的主要文学流派
是超验主义，以爱默生为代表。
2 D, 坡的第一部故事集是《怪诞奇异故事集》。
3 D, 《论市民之不服从》是梭罗的作品。其他全为
爱默生的作品。
4 A, 霍桑作品中的象征主义手法主要体现在他的著
作《红字》中。
5 B, 超验主义以爱默生为代表。
6 A, 超验主义认为人类精神的最高力量存在于人的
直觉中。
7 A, 被称为“美国精神独立宣言” 的是爱默生的《美
国学者》。书中表达了美国人追求自己的文化独立
以及文学独立身份的要求。
8 C, 19世纪美国的杰出女诗人是艾米莉?迪金森
（1830—1886）。
9 A, 《阿，船长啊，我的船长！》是惠特曼为纪念林
肯总统而作的。