试考英语八上知识点

2021年1月6日发(作者：晏良遂)a /an +adj+单数名词=so +adj+a/an+单数名词 (名前such，形副so，多多少少也用so,little属特殊，“小”用such,少用so.)

交通工具的乘坐，take the(a) +交通工具to , =go...by+交通工具=go...on /in+a(the)+交通工具(小汽车只能用in ，其余的可用in ,on);

walk to some where=go to...on foot; fly to somewhere.=go ....by plane

ride to somewhere=go...by bike, drive to somewhere=go to by car,

a kind of一种 , be kind to sb对某人友善 .since then从那时起，

take off 脱下，起飞，请假, reckon=consider =regard =think考虑，认为,

be reckoned (to be) ,被以为 reckon....as... 相当于

regard ...as...把当成 in the photo,在照片里

go abroad,出国 be abroad,在国外 travel abroad,到国外旅行

sell out,卖光 sell to , 卖给某人 sell well卖得好 ,

四个也：also,肯定，行前be 后；too肯定，句末；either,否定，句末；as well,肯定，句末。

go to sleep,去睡觉 the price of,....的价格，形容价格用high,low。

sell sth at a high price,以高价出售， sell sth at a low price,以低价出售。

yet ,用于完成时态的否定句和疑问句中；have a wonderful time 玩得高兴,

would like to do sth=want to do sth,想要做某事

would like sb. to do sth=wat sb to do sth想要某人做某事

MODULE3
< br>already早已，用于完成时的肯定,； yet,用于完成时的否定和疑问； just,用于完成时

just now=a moment ago用于过去时,

arrive at (小地方)/in(大地方)=reach=get to ,到达

bring,从外往里拿， take ,从里往外拿， carry无方向, fetch往返拿,

more than ,=over,多于 less than,少于

alone,个体单独，独自； lonely,孤独，寂寞，也表示荒凉，

most of.. ..的大多数, a visit to 对 ...的参观,

on a visit to....,参观... for a visit 参观, pay a visit to ,拜访

as ...as....和....一样 not as ...as..=not so ...as 不如,

so ...that如 此...以致于....如果that后是否定,就可以用too...to转换,如果是肯定就用,形容+en ough(for sb )to do sth.

be famous for 因...面著名(原因), be famous as以...身份或产地而著名

prefer doing sth. to doing sth.=like doing sth better than doing sth更喜欢做某事,

prefer to 更喜欢... prefer to do sth rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事,

return from a visit to 从...访问返回, be named after 以...的名字命名,

be proud of 以....自豪, be up to sb.由某人决定,

up to 从事于,忙于, space station在太空站,

show sth to sb.=show sb sth把某物给某人看, on business出差,因...公事,

在...的上面 over,在..上面,正上方,中间有段空间,反义为under

on 在...上面,贴着物表,反义beneath, above在..上方,高出,反义

物属于人

across ,从一定范围内 的一边到另一边,表面进行through,从中间通过或穿过,里面进行;over上方通过,不接触表面;< br>
hear of 听说, be born出生, go through穿过,

I'm not sure我不确定, I'm sure肯定,

make sb.+adj使某人怎么样, make sb .do sth.使某人做某事,

take sb. around带人四处走走, a piece of music一首乐曲,

in addition to 除...以外,buy him a guitar=buy a guitar for him给某人买吉他,

go on with sth.继续做某事, go on doing sth.继续做某事,

die of 患..而死,常接hunger, cold, illness,cancer内部原因,

die from由于..,而死,常接a wound ,an accident,carelessness外部原因,

learn to do sth学做某事, learn from sb.向某人学习,

Learn...by heart熟记,背诵, learn one's lesson from...从... 中吸取教训,

反意疑问句:

1. 先断"定",判断是否定或肯定.

如有not ,never, few, little, hardly, no ,nobody,seldom,nothing等词,则是否定,后面该用肯定.

2. 后找 "动",观察前面的动词,若含有或情态动词直接用,若为实义动词原形,用do,三单用does,过去式用d id, had better用had

3. 换代,主语定代词,三单用he ,she ,it ,复用they we somebody,nobody 类似的用they,和thing一起的用

4. 肯定祈使句，反问句部分可用will you /won't you ？否定祈使句，用will you ？

5. Let's...用shall we? let us....用will you?,

6. 在think,believe,suppose+从句结构中，疑问句部分 与从句保持一致，同时主句的否定转移到从句中; 但第二，三人称与主句保持一致：I don't think you have done it ,have you? /He doesn't think you have done it ,does he?即：当主句人称是一，从句是二时，看二；当主句是三时，就看三。

7. 回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定 ,No+否定

give =give sb. 给某人某物,give in投降,

give up doing sth 放弃, give out 分发,

give a way to 对...让步, on the earth在地球上,

both....and既....又..... 就近原则 neither....nor既不....又不,就近原则

either...or要么....要么.there be, not only...but also就近原则,,

may be可能是. maybe=perhaps大概,也许

In addition to ..除...以外(还有) =besides, but 除..之外,,常与否定意义词连用,当but前有do时but后接原形, except,除....之外(不包括)

on holiday度假, of course=,sure当然

all types of呼种 , part time job,一份兼职工作

on one's own独自 , be led by由....带领

MODULE 6 过去进行时

用法：1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态，一般常和at that time,at 点yesterday,then,last night,this time yesterday ,the whole morning,when I arrived 等特定的过去时间连用。

2. 表示一个过去动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行或两 个延续性过去的动作同时

进行,常与when,while引导的时间状语从句连用。

结构：was /were +V-ing

go on 继续, go on doing sth继续做某事(同一件事),

go on to do sth 继续做某事(另一件事),

go on with sth继续做同一件事,但中间暂停过,

How is it going ?=How are you getting on /along?近况如何?

by the river,在河边

at this time yesterday昨天 的这个时候, in a tree=in the tree ,在树上(外来物)

on a tree =on the tree,在树上,(树本身的) smile at sb. 朝着某人微笑,

laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 fall into ,掉进,跌入

fall off 掉下来, fall behind ,落后,跟不上

fall in love with,爱上 be careful,小心

by mistake由于出错 at taht /this time在那/这时

have nothing to do 没事可做, nothing strange没什么奇怪的，

take sth. out of .... 把...从...拿出来, happen to do sth.碰巧做某事

感官动词see ,hear ,watch,feel ,notice,smell,ta ste后+名词或代词+动词原形(表示动作已经发生)后+名词或代词+Ving(表示动作正在进行)

under th hedge在树篱下面, go down下去,

think about 考虑, think of想起，认为 ,

think over仔细考虑, think out,想出

think hard,努力想，努力思考 What happened to sb.?某人发生了什么事？

be on 上演， go off熄灭，停，

英语中当几个单数人称同时作主语时，先后顺序是“二、三、一”
not ...until直到....才......(主句中常用非延续性动词)
till/until直到......为止(主句中常用延续性动词)

somethin g wrong with...,出了毛病,lie in bed 躺在床上,

jump out of从...跳出来 ,on one's way to someplace,在某人去某地的路上

on one's way home在某人回家的路上,from ....to,从...到....(动词+Ving)

when,while ,as的区别 当...时候

When可与持续性动词连用,表示"一段时间,"也可与短暂性动词连用,表示 "时刻".主句的动作可以与从句的动作同时发生,也可以先后发生.如果主从句都是短暂性动词时,只能用Wh en

While表示主句和从句的动作同时发生.其从句的动词必须为延续性动词,从句多用进 行时态,也可用表示状态的动词的一般时态.如果主从句都是进行时,只能用While

as与 When同义,但as指主句的动作和从句的动作交替进行或同步发展.

wear out 穿坏,穿旧,用坏, cheer up 使振奋;使兴奋,

follow one's advice听从某人的建议, look into向...的里面看,

stop to do sth. 停下做另一件事 stop doing sth.停止做某事

stop ...from doing sth.阻止....做某事, what kind哪种,

a kind of一种, all kinds of =different kinds of 各种各样的,

kind of =a bit=a little 有点, walk along沿着....走,

by mistake 错误地，无意地, by oneself单独，独立地,

by the way, 顺便说 墙的表面用on，

墙的内部用in

have something to do有事可做 ,have something to eat有可吃的东西 ,

have nothing to drink没有什么喝的东西 feel tired感到疲劳

no one,一般不与of连用，动词用单数，只指人，一般用来回答who

none ,可与of连用，动词可用单数或复数，指人或物，回答how many /how much引导的问句，以及含any+n 的一般问句

Nothing，指物，动词用单数，

without doing sth.没做，be tired=get tired累了，

during the day 一整天，

被动语态的结构是：be+及物动词的过去分词

变 法：1主+谓+宾语.将宾语变作主语,将谓语变被动语态,将主语变by宾语.

2.主+谓+ 间宾+直宾 将间接宾语变作主语,谓语变成被动语态,直接宾语不变.

3主+谓+直宾+间 宾+to或for 将直变主,将谓变被告,其余不变.by原主

4.主+谓+宾+宾补 宾作主,谓变被,其余不变,by原主.

5.主+谓+宾+宾补(let,see,make ,hear,watch ,feel, help, notice,observe,look at ,listen

to )变为被动时，后加to

6. 主+短语动词+宾语， 宾作主，短变被，其余不变,by原主.

7. 带有be going to,be about to ,be to ,have to ,used to ,be supposed to ,be sure to

等要将to后来动词变以被动
< br>8.被动语态的每种时态