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scenery什么意思初中英语全部知识点总结

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-06 15:52
tags:英语, 初中教育

-taboo

2021年1月6日发(作者:张珩)
初一年级(上)
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. Sit down
2. on duty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s… It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is… It’s….
8. How old are you I’m….
9. What class are you in I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus… It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this This is….
14. What can you see I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they) It’s
(They’re)…
17. Whose …is this It’s….
18. What time is it It’s….
III. 交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And
you
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on duty today
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 重要语法
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;

3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
【名师讲解】
1. in/on
在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围
以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如:
There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
There be 有,其确切含意为某处或某时存
在某人或某物。其结构是:There be + 某人或某
物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名
词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上
保持一致,be动词后面的名词是 单数或不可数名词
时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table.
桌上有一大瓶子可乐。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里
有个娃娃。
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张
图。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用来指在时间 、地点上更接近讲话
人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that
常常用来指在时 间、地点上离讲话人更远一点
的人和事,those时that的复数形式。例如:
You look in this box and I’ll look in that
one over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那
边的那个盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要这
辆小汽车,不是那一辆。
Take these books to his room, please. 请
把这些书拿到他房间去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,
那个是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 这
些是苹果,那些是橘子。
(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that
常常指的是对方。例如:
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that 我是
玛丽。你是谁
3. There be/ have
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那
树上有许多苹果。
总之,There be结 构强调的是一种客观存在的
有。have表示拥有,占有,具有,即:某人有
某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或
代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我
有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四
个房间。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强
调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不 一
定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:
Look! The children are playing computer
games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there 看!那边
那个是什么
单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,
其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果, 着重的是look这
个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,
后面能直接跟宾语。 如:
My family all get up early. 我们全家都起
得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
What can you see in the picture 你能在
图上看到什么
Look at the blackboard. What did you see
on it看黑板!你看到了什么 < br>(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示
全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动 ,强调
过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:
可以用来指天气晴朗。例如:
Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体
四者都可用作形容词 表示好之意,但前三者
既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要
区别在于:
(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的精细,形
容人时表示的是身体健康,也
Yesterday we watched a football match on
TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
4. put on/ / in
put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”
这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中
可以做定语、标语和状语。如:
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外
面冷,穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上
帽子,走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s
mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈
妈。
5. house/ home/family
house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home:
“家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方;
Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:
Please come to my house this afternoon. 今
天下午请到我家来。
He is not at home. 他不在家。
很健康。
That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的
机器。
It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天
是散步的好时候。
(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有美好,< br>漂亮的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。
例如:
Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。
These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很
好看。
Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人时指品德 好,形容物时指
质量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的普通
用语。例如:
Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一
个好学生。
The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽
车很好。
(4)well只可用来形容 人的身体好,但不能
作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所
修饰的动词之后。例如:
I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好,谢
谢。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得
好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
5. There be句型的用法。
6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空、
完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市中考试题)
Mary, please show ________ your picture.
A. my B. mine C. I D. me
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是人称代词和
物主代词的用法。本题中动词sho w后面跟双宾语,
空白处应填入人称代词的宾格me作宾语。
2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题)
_________ orange on the desk is for you,
Mike.
A. A C. / D. The
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是冠词的基本
用法。因为是特指课桌上的那个橘子,所 以用定冠
词the。
3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考试题)
---What _______ the number of the girls in
your class
---About twenty.
A. is B. am C. are D. be
【解析】答案:A。该题考查的是动词be的用
法和主谓一致。the number作主语,应该是单数第
三人称,动词be变为is。
4. (2004年陕西省中考试题)
There _______ a football match on TV this
evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. has D.
is going to have
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是There be…
句型和动词have用法区别。There be句型本身就
表示“在某个地方存在某个人或物”,不能和动词
have混在一起用。
【满分演练】
一. 单项填空
1. ---What colour is the bike
---It’s _______ orange.
A. an B. a C. / D. the
2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________.
A. my B. I C. mine D. me
3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice.
---__________________.
A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C.
Yes, it is D. Thank you
4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young.
A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches
5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home.
A. to B. in C. for D. on
6. ---________ is your coat
---The black one.
A. What B. Where C. Which D. How
7. ---________ is the toy
---It’s on the bed.
A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose
8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over
there.
A. it B. they C. their D. them
9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please
A. look B. look like C. look after D.
16. There _______ some books and a pencil on
the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
17. ---Let me help you.
---_______________.
A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much
C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks
18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
look at
10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen
_______ the teacher.
A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after
11. ---Whose dress is this
---It’s _________.
A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s
12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his
sister.
A. at B. in C. on D. with
13. There is a bird ______ the tree.
A. in B. on C. to D. of
14. There are many ________ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman teacher
C. women teacher D. women teachers
15. ---Is there a ball under the desk
---______________________.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes,
there’s
C. No, there isn’t D. No,
there is
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
19. ---What _____ five plus six
---It’s eleven.
A. am B. is C. are D. /
20. ---What ______ you see in the picture
---I can see some flowers.
A. must B. can C. are D. do
二. 完形填空
This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What
can we ____2_____ in the picture Look ____3____
it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat
is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in
the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____
young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is
Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man
behind Mrs. Green Oh, he’s ____9___ brother,
Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too.
1. A. families B. family C. parents D.
brothers
2. A. look B. do C. see
3. A. at B. after C. for D. up
4. A. on B. of C. in D. to
5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman
6. A. are B. is C. look like D.
looking
7. A. sister B. brother C. father D.
aunt
8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D.
How is
9. A. his B. her C. our D. their
10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very
Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black
and white. I think it looks like Mary’s.
Jim: _____________3______________
Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over
there. Let’s go and ask her.
Jim: _______________4_______________.
Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours
三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语
(A) (B)
1. How are you A. I am in Row 6.
2. Can you spell it, please B. Fine, thank
you.
3. How do you do C. Yes, b-o-o-k,
book.
4. What row are you in D. It is ten.
5. What’s two plus eight E. Nice to meet
you, too.
6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14.
7. How old are you G. Wang Ping is.
8. Who’s not here H. It’s here.
9. Where is the bag I. It’s a book.
10. What is this in English J. How do you
do
四. 完成对话:在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填
入空白处
Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this
Is it yours
Ann: Let me have a . I think it’s Sam’s. My
dog is brown.
Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the
Mary: _______________5_______________.
Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it!
Mary: Yes, thank you.
A. Who’s Mary
B. OK, let’s go
C. Oh, no it’s not mine
D. Oh, yes. It’s mine
E. Is it yours
五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I)
pencil-box.
2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the
bed.
3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this
4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)
---No, they aren’t ________ (we)
5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games.
6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________
(I).
7. I have two ________ (baby).
8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car.
9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater.
10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America.
六. 阅读理解
(A)
Bob was born in a big and rich family. His
father is a university professor. He teaches
American history. His mother is a very capable
woman. She is the manager of a big company. She
earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two
sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny,
is fourteen. She studies in a middle school.
on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers
are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt
is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree,
but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an
old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's.
There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed
is Lily's.
1. What can you see in the bedroom I can see
__________.
A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed
His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies
in a private primary school. She has a very good
memory. She is clever. His younger brother,
Dick, is only six. He has just started going
to school. Bob gets on well with his family.
He is on good terms not only with his parents,
but also with his sisters and brother. (have
a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, in a
word, an apple in their eyes.
根据短文的内容,判断下列句子的正误:正确地答
“A”,错误的答“B”。
1. Bob was born in a small and rich family.
2. He has two brothers and a sister.
3. There are five people in his family.
4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private
primary school.
5. “He is an apple in their eyes” means “They
love him very much”.
(B)
Look at the clothes line in the twins'
bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can
see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The
trousers on the clothes line are black. They
are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes
No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are
2. What colour are Lucy's trousers They are
________.
A. green B. black C. brown
3. Where is Lucy's hat It's on _________.
A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C.
lily's bed
4. How many beds are there in the room ________.
A. only one B. three C. two
5. Are there any things on Lily's bed ________.
A. Yes, there is a hat on it
B. No, there is not anything on it
C. Sorry, I don't know
(C)
It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her
mother are in a big bus. There are many people
in it. Some of them come from America, and some
come from England and Canada. They are all
their friends. They are going to the Great Wall.
There are two Chinese in the bus. One is
woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a
young man. He speaks good English. He is now
talking about the Great Wall. The other people
are all listening to him. They like the Great
Wall. They want to see it very much.
1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall
__________.
A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by
bus
2. There are __________.
A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two
Chinese in the bus
C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one
9. do one’s homework
10. do the shopping
11. get down
12. get home
13. get to
14. get up
15. go shopping
Chinese in the car
3. The driver is __________.
A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an
American
4. The people __________.
A. are singing B. are talking C. are
listening D. are looking at the wall
5. They __________.
A. can see the Great Wall B. can
speak English very well.
C. want to talk with the man very much D.
want to see the Great Wall very much

初一年级(下)
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. a bottle of
2. a little
3. a lot (of)
4. all day
5. be from
6. be over
7. come back
8. come from
16. have a drink of
17. have a look
18. have breakfast
19. have lunch
20. have supper
21. listen to
22. not…at all
23. put…away
24. take off
25. throw it like that
26. would like
27. in the middle of the day
28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening
29. on a farm
30. in a factory
II. 重要句型
1. Let sb. do sth.
2. Could sb. do sth.
3. would like sth.
4. would like to do sth.
5. What about something to eat
6. How do you spell …
7. May I borrow…
III. 交际用语
1. —Thanks very much!
—You're welcome.
2. Put it/them away.
3. What's wrong
4. I think so.
I don't think so.
5. I want to take some books to the classroom.
6. Give me a bottle of orange juice, please.
Please give it / them back tomorrow. OK.
9. What's your favourite sport
10. Don't worry.
’m (not) good at basketball.
12. Do you want a go
13. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All
right.
14. Do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries
Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
15. We / They have some CDs.
We / They don’t have any CDs.
16. ---What day is it today / tomorrow
---It’s Monday.
17. ---May I borrow your colour pens, please
---Certainly. Here you are.
18. ---Where are you from
---From Beijing.
19. What's your telephone number in New York
20. ---Do you like hot dogs
---Yes, I do. ( A little. / A lot. / Very
much.)
---No, I don't. ( I don't like them at all.)
21. ---What does your mother like
---She likes dumplings and vegetables very
much.
22. ---When do you go to school every day
---I go to school at 7:00 every day.
23. ---What time does he go to bed in the
evening
---He goes to bed at 10:00.
IV. 重要语法
1.人称代词的用法;
2. 祈使句;
3. 现在进行时的构成和用法;
4.动词have的用法;
5.一般现在时构成和用法;
6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法
【名师讲解】
1. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All
right.
That’s right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方
的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例
如:




我想我
们应该帮助这位老人。
That's right.或 You're right.说得对。
I don’t like to speak like this. 我不喜欢
这样说话。
That’s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没
关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如:


All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意
对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示 “身体
很好”
tell me about it.请把此事告诉我。

好吧。
Is your mother all right你妈身体好吗
2. make/do
这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不
同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做
一件具体的事。
Can you make a paper boat for me 你能为我
做个纸船吗
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的
作业。
3. say/speak/talk/tell
say:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为
“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如:
“I want to go there by bus” , he said . 他
说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。”
Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”,着重开口发声,不着重
所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能
直接接宾语 ) 。如:
Can you speak about him 你能不能说说他的情

speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等
连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如:
She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的
动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作
不及物动词, 不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,
有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。
如:
I would like to talk to him about it . 我
想跟他谈那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年
妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后
面总接双宾语。如:
He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎
tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth.
Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
4. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the
cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking
为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some, much
修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:
do some washing 洗些衣服
do some shopping 买些东西
do some reading 读书
do some writing 写些东西
do some fishing 钓鱼
从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some,
much或定冠词。
go shopping 去买东西
go fishing 去钓鱼
go boating 去划船
go swimming 去游泳
5. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相
同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者 表
示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然
性的动作。例如:
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t
like to play football with Li Ming.
他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。
6. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的,别的,
Have you any other questions你还有其他问题

others 别的人,别的东西
In the room some people are American, the
others are French.在屋子里一些人是
美国人,其他的是法国人。
the other表另一个(二者之中)one…,the other…
One of my two brothers studies English,
the other studies Chinese.
我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。
another表三者以上的另一个,另一些
There is room for another few books on the
shelf.书架上还可以放点书。
7. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为
在树上但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、< br>某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,
表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使 用on
the tree.如:
There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树
上有些苹果。
There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只
鸟。
8. some/ any
(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不
可数名词。但有以下两点需要
注意。
some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑
问句中。如:
There is some water in the glass.
Is there any water in the glass
There isn't any water in the glass.
(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句
中,或在表示请 求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依
然用some。如:
Would you like some tea
9. tall/ high
(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用
tall,不用high,例如
a tall woman 一个高个子妇女
a tall horse 一个高大的马
(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用
high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子 上时,飞
机飞上天时,例如:
He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在树
上。
The plane is so high in the sky. 飞机在空
中这么高。
(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,不
过high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副词,tall不能。
(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为
low.
10. can/ could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客
观条件能做某种动作的能力
。例如:
Can you ride a bike 你会骑自行车吗
What can I do for you 要帮忙吗
Can you make a cake你会做蛋糕吗
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话
人的怀疑猜测或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be他会在什么地方呢
Can the news be true这个消息会是真的吗
It surely can't be six o'clock already
不可能已经六点钟了吧
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've
just had lunch.汤姆,你不可能饿得这么快,
你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean他会是什么意思
在日常会话中,can可代替may表示允许,
may比较正式。例如:
You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
--- Can I use your pen我能用你的钢笔吗
--- Of course,you can.当然可以。
You can have my seat,I'm going now.我要
走了,你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可
能性(在否定和疑问句中)。例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)
医生说他能帮助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.
(能力)
当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.
(可能性)
那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示现在时间的动作,但语
气较为婉转。例如:
Could I speak to John,please我能和约翰说话

Could you在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如:
Could you wait half an hour请你等半个小时好

Could you please ring again at six六点钟请你
再打电话好吗
(4) can的形式
只有现 在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示
一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表示将
来。所有其他时态(包括将来时)须用be able to
加动词不定式来表示。例如:
They have not been able to come to Beijing.
他们没有能到北京来。
11. look for/ find
look for 意为“ 寻找”,而find意为“找到,
发现”,前者强调“找”这一动作,并不注重
“找”的结果, 而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如:
She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的
尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch,but he can’t
find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表,但没能找
到。
12. be sleeping/ be asleep
be sleeping 表示动作,意思是“正在睡觉”;
be asleep 表示状态,意思是“睡着了”。如:
---What are the children doing in the room
孩子们在房间里做什么
---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。
The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡
着了。
13. often/ usually/sometimes
often表示经常,sometimes表示有时候,
在表示发生频率上often要高于usually,
usually要高于sometimes。这 三个词表示的是
经常性,一般性的动作或情况,常与一般现在时
连用,常位于主要谓语动词的前 面,其他谓语动
词(be动词,情态动词和助动词)的后面,有时
也可位于句尾。如果要加强语 气,则放在句首。
们所有的人都很友好。
The boss is bad to his workers.这个老板
对他的工人不好。
Li Lei is good at drawing, but I'm bad at
it.李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。
We usually play basketball after school.
我们通常放学后打篮球。
Sometimes I go to bed early.有时,我睡
觉很早。
He often reads English in the morning.
他经常在早晨读英语。
14. How much/ How many
how much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常见句
式是How much is / are…
How much is the skirt 这条裙子多少钱
How much are the bananas 这些香蕉多少

how much后加不可数名词,表示数量,意为“多
少“,how many后加可数名词的复数形式。
How much meat do you want 你要多少肉

How many students are there in your
class 你们班有多少人
15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at
be good for 表示对……有好处,而be bad
for表示对……有害;be good to表示对……
友好,而be bad to表示对……不好;be good
at表示擅长,在……方面做得好,而be bad at
表示在……方面做得不好。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.
做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you health.吃
的太多对你的身体有害。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我
16. each/ every
each 和every都有每一个的意思,但含义
和用法不相同。each从个体着眼,ev ery从整体着
眼。each 可用于两者或两者以上,every只用于三
者或三者以上。
We each have a new book.
我们每人各有一本新书。
There are trees on each side of the street.
街的两旁有树。
He gets up early every morning.
每天早晨他都起得早。
each可以用作形容词、副词和代词;every只
能用作形容词。
Each of them has his own duty.
他们各人有各人的义务。
They each want to do something different.
他们每个人都想做不同的事情。
17. 一般现在时/现在进行时
一般现在时表示 经常性的或习惯性的动作或
存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力,还有自然现象;
而现在进行时表 示正在进行或发生的动作(构成方
式为am/is /are/+doing)。
I do my homework in the evening.
我在晚上做作业。
I'm doing my homework now.
我现在正在做作业。
现在进行时常与now, these days, at the
moment 或Look, listen等词连用;而一般现在时
常与often, always, sometimes, usually, every
day, in the morning, on Mondays等连用。
We often clean the classroom after school.
我们经常放学后打扫教室。
Look! They are cleaning the classroom .
看!他们正在打扫教室呢。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1.动词一般现在时和现在进行时的用法,人称代
词的用法,可数名词和不可数
名词的构成和用法。
2.本册书中常见的交际用语
3.本册书中一些重点的词组和短语
考试形式往往是单项填空、完形填空、短文改错和
短文填空。
【中考范例】
1.(2004年安徽省中考试题)
---Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you.
---I ________ for an important phone call.
Go without me.
A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D.
waited
【解析】答案:C。表示现在正在进行的动作,
用现在进行时。
2. (2004年长春市中考试题)
Could you help ____ with _______ English,
please
A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I
【解析】答案:C。第一个空作宾语,应用人称
代词的宾格me, 第二个空作定语,应用形容词性
物主代词my。
3.(2004年长春市中考试题)
Dr. White can _______ French very well.
A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell
【解析】答案:A。说什麽语言常用动词speak。
4.(2004年黄冈中考试题)
English is spoken by ______ people.
A. a lot B. much many C. a large number of
D. a great deal of
【解析】答案:C。只有a large number of 能
用来修饰复数可数名词people。
【满分演练】
一. 单项选择
1. There is some ______ on the plate.
A. cakes B. meat C. potato D. pears
2. Uncle Wang wants ______ the machine like a
bike.
A. ride B. riding C. rides D. to ride
3. Tom usually goes to bed ________ ten o'clock
in the evening.
A. at B. in C. on D. of
4. ______ picture books in class, please.
A. Not read B. No read C. Not reading D.
Don't read
5. The box is too heavy. Let ________ help you
to carry it.
A. we B. us C. ours D. our
6. Hurry up, ______ we'll be late for the
meeting.
A. and B. but C. then D. or
7. People usually ______ to each other
when they make a phone call.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
8. Look! She ________ a kite for her son.
A. makes B. is making C. make D. making
9. These shoes are yours. Please ________.
A. put on them B. put on it C. put them on
D. put it on
10. She often gets ______ very late.
A. home B. at home C. to home D. in home
11. I think the shop is closed ________ this
time of day.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
12. I want ______ of meat, please.
A. half kilo B. a half kilo C. half a kilo
D. a kilo half
13. --- Is this black ruler ________
--- No. It's ________.
A. yours, his B. your, his C. yours, him
4. Please open the w______. It's getting
hot here.
5. Something is w______ with my bike. May
I borrow yours
B. 根据句意,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1. There are some ________ there, talking
loudly. (woman)
2. This blouse isn't hers. It's ________.
(my)
D. you, he
14. ________ book on the desk is a useful(重
要的)one.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
15. Grandma is ill. We have to take her to the
________.
A. farm B. post office C. hotel D.
hospital
16. Liu Mei often helps her mother ________
housework.
A. does B. do D. to doing
17. We watch evening news on ________ at 7:00
in the evening.
A. CCTV B. CAAC C. WTO D. MTV
18. There ________ a box of apples on the desk.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
19. Would you like ________ with me
A. go B. to go C. going D. goes
20. Sometimes his brother ________ TV after
supper.
A. watch B. sees C. watches D. is
watching
二. 填空
A. 根据句义和首字母写出所缺的单词
1. Kate's glass is empty. She wants a
f______ one.
2. I think my father can help you m______
your broken bike.
3. I have two pencils. One is short, the
other is l______.
3. The people on the farm are very ________.
(friend)
4. Do you know ________ (he)
5. Tom's uncle can drive cars. He is a good
________. (drive)
C. 选词并用其适当形式填空
work, close, look, have, teacher, pen,
eat, China, play, climb
1. This is our ________ desk. Ours are over
there.
2. Bill has three ________. One is new and
the other two are old.
3. His uncle ________ very young but he is
over forty.
4. Let's ________ basketball after class.
5. Look! The cats are ________ up the trees.
6. The shop isn't open. It's ________.
7. My brother ________ some new picture
books.
8. In our classroom there is a large map of
________.
9. Mum, please give me something to
________. I'm very hungry.
10. Does Mr Green like ________ in this
Chinese school
三. 根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的句子完成
对话
A. Please give it back soon.
B. It's over there
C. Certainly. When do you want it
D. Thank you very much.
E. Black and red, and it's not very
new.

I don't know you are his ____10____.not
his mother, I'm his father,says the other one.
1. A. having B. wearing C. putting D.
buying
2. A. clothes B. trees C. pictures D.
Bags
3. A. we B. your C. them D.
Theirs
4. A. talk B. teach C. say D
tell
5. A. An B. A C. The D. /
6. A. running B. flying C. standing D.
driving
7. A. on B. beside C. in D. At
8. A. see B. watch C. look D.
Read
9. A. help B. excuse C. teach D. Ask
10. A. baby B. sister C. father D. Mother
五. 阅读理解
( A )
Mr Li teaches Chinese in the USA. He comes
back to China every year. He gives us a talk.
He says,K Day in the USA is very interesting.
All children like it very much. It is on March
7th. When you go out on that day, you can see
children running with kites in the open air(露
天). When you look up, you can see different
kites in the sky(天空). Some are big, and some
are small. They are in different colours. Every
kite has a long string(长线). The children
begin to run when they get the kites up. Every
child has a good time that day.
1. Mr Li is _______________. He works in the
USA.
A. a worker B. an English teacher C. a
doctor D. a Chinese teacher
2. Mr Li says something about _______________.
A. how to study English B. K Day in the USA
C. his work in the USA D. playing in the open
air
A: Excuse me, Lin Tao!
B: Yes
A: My bike is broken. Can I borrow yours
B: __1____.
A: This afternoon.
B: OK. Here's the key.
A: ____2__. But where is it
B: __3____.
A: What colour is it
B: __4____.
A: I see. I think I can find it.
B: ___5___.
A: All right. See you!
四. 完型填空
These days men and women , young and old
are ___1_____ the same kind of ___2____, and
a lot of ___3_____ have long hair(头发). We
often can't ___4_____whether they are boys or
girls, men or women.
___5_____ old man often goes to walk in the
park. He is sitting on a chair now. A young
person is ___6_____ ___7_____ him.

other one.
long hair Is it a boy or a girl
boy,says the other one. is my son.

3. March 7th is _________________.
A. Children's Day B. Teachers' Day C. K
Day D. Tree planting Day(植树节)
4. Every kite has _____________________.
A. a short string B. a long string C. the
same colour D. the same size(大小)
5. There are _______________ kites in the sky
on that day.
A. all kinds of B. one kind of C. three
kinds of D. three
( B )
Monday Tuesday
Wednesday

7:10 .
school
pizza
Yo-yo
homework
10:15 .
7:10 .
school
rice
7:10 .
school
rice
C. washes her clothes D. goes to see her
friends
10. Which is wrong
A. Paula goes to school from Monday to Friday.
B. Paula goes to bed after ten o'clock.
C. Paula has sports in the afternoon.
D. Paula usually has Pizza for lunch.
六. 根据中文提示和英文词语提示,写出意思连
贯、符合逻辑的英文文段:( 所有英文提示语必须
用上。
这位老人来自悉尼。他很热爱中国。他现在在
Thursday Friday
北京教英语。他喜欢在北京工作。
1. this, man, come, Sydney
7:10 . 7:10 .
2. he, China, very much
school
3. now, teach, in Beijing
school
4. he, say, Beijing, big, beautiful, like, work,
rice
here
rice

p
g

on Table-tennis Table-tennis Table-tennis football
初二年级(上)

homework
10:15 .
television
10:15 .
【知识梳理】
homework clothes

10:15 .
I. 重点短语
10:15 .
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste of time
7. go on a field trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
g
eep
根据表格内容选择最佳答案。
6. On _______________, Paula usually gets up
at 7:10 am.
A. Thursdays B. Wednesdays C. weekdays D.
weekends
7. Pizza is a kind of _________________.
A. drink B. fruit C. toy D. food
8. Paula's favourite sport is
_________________.
A. volleyball B. table-tennis C. yo-yo D.
football
9. On Wednesday evenings Paula usually
___________________.
A. watches TV B. does her homework
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
16. get together
17. in the open air
18. on Mid-Autumn Day
19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
22. agree with
23. in the country
24. in town
25. all the same
26. in front of
27. on the left/right side
28. next to
29. up and down
30. keep healthy
31. grow up
32. at the same time
33. the day before yesterday
35. last Saturday
36. half an hour ago
37. a moment ago
38. just now
39. by the way
40. all the time
41. at first
II. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…
6. Are you going to…
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
III. 交际用语
backto school!
me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic
is bad.
doesn’t matter.
Teachers’ Day !
’s a good idea.
are you going to do
are we going
are we going to do
’m good at…
’s not far from…
11. Are you free tomorrow evening
you and Lily like to come over to my home
for Mid-Autumn Festival
’m glad you can come.
for asking us.
about another one
I have a taste
me walk with you.
do you have to do
you live on a farm
do you like better, the city or the country
do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens
we go at ten Good idea!
’s make it half past one. ---OK.
not come a little earlier ---All right.
me. Where’s the nearest post office, please
’s over there on the right.
’m sorry I don’t know.
’d better…
you all the same.
bus do I take
along this road.
day was it yesterday
’m sorry to hear that.
hope you’re better now.
did you call me
called to tell…
IV. 重要语法
going to的用法;
2.形容词的比较级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比较
4.一般过去时
【名师讲解】
1. on the street / in the street
表示“在街上”时,on the street 和 in the
street 都可以,在美国多用on the street, 在
英国多用in the street. 例如:
We have a house in the street. 我们在街上
有座房子。
I met him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。
2. would like / like
would like 和 like含义不同。like 意思
是“喜欢”,“爱好”,而 would like 意思是
“想要”。试比较:
I like beer.=I’m fond of beer. 我喜欢
喝啤酒。
I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass
of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。
Do you like going to the cinema 你喜欢
看电影吗
Would you like to go to the cinema tonight
你今晚想去看电影吗
3. another / the other
(1)another 通常用于三个或三个以上或不确
定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如:
May I have another apple, please 请在
给我一个苹果好吗
This coat is too small for me. Please
show me another这件外套我穿太小,请再
给我拿一件看看。


(2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如:
He has two rulers. One is short. The
other is long. 他有两把尺子,一把短的,
另一把长的。
I have two brothers. One works in Xi’an .
The other works in Beijing. 我有两个兄
弟,一个在西安工作,另一个在北京工作。
4. have to /must
(1)have to和 must 都可以用来谈论义务,但
用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去
做而又想去时,常用must。如果谈论某种来
自 “外界”的义务,常用have to。例如:
I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟。(自己想
戒烟)
They have to work for the boss.
他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们
去工作)
(2)have to 可用于多种时态,must 只能用于
一般现在时。例如:
I’ll have to get up early tomorrow
morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。
We had to work long hours every day in
order to get more money.
为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。
(3)用于否定句时,mustn’t意思是“决不
能”,“禁止”,而don’t have to意思是
“不必”,相当于needn’t。例如:
You mustn’t be late again next time.下
一次你决不能再迟到。
You don’t have to go there today. You can
go there tomorrow.
你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. or sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.
hear sb. or sth.意思是“听到某人或某物
在做某事”,而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是
“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较:
I hear him singing an English song.听见他
在唱英歌曲。
I heard him sing an English song.我听见他
唱一首英文歌。
类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch,
listen, feel等感官动词。
6. any /some
any和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词
的复数形式连用,但some一般用在肯定 句中;any
用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较:
I want some money. 我想要点钱。
Have you any money 你有钱吗
I don’t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。
some 有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期待一
个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如:
Would you like some more beer请你再来点
啤酒好吗
Could I have some rice, please请给我来点
米饭好吗
7. hear /listen to
listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思,但含
义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作,hear 强
调“听”的结果。例如:
Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell
you a story. 请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。
Listen! Can you hear someone crying in the
next room 听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗
I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听,
但什么也听不见。
hear 后面如果接宾语从句,常常表示“听
说”。例如:
I hear some foreign students will visit our
school.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学
校。
I hear there is going to be a film in our
school this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演
一场电影。
8. Let’s… /Let us…
Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”,
如果us 包括听话人在内,其含义相同,附带问句
用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内,其含义
不同,Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如:
Let’s go shopping, shall we 我们去购物
好吗
9. take/ bring/ carry /get
这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思,但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”,“拿走”,bring
意为“带来”,“拿来”, get表 示“到别的地方
把某人或某物带来或拿来”,carry不强调方向,
带有负重的意思。试比较 :
My parents often take me there on holidays.
我父母常常带我到那里去度假。
I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备
带你去北京。
Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯
茶来。
I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明
天我把那本书给你带来。
The waiter carried the me to the table服
务员把肉送到桌上。
The monkey carried the bag on her back.
猴子把那个包背在背上。
She went back to get her handbag.他折回
去拿他的手提包。
Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。
10. far away /faraway
(1)far away是一个副词短语,意思是“很远”。
例如:
Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离
得很远,有些离得近一些的。
The village is far away from here.那个村子
离这儿很远。
(2)faraway是一个形容词,意思是“遥远的”,
可以在句中作定语。例如:
He lives in faraway mountain village.他住
在一个遥远的小山村。
11. find / look for
find和look for 都有“找”的意思,但含义
不同。find 强调“找”的结果,而look for 强调
“找”的过程。请看下列例句:
He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自
行车。
I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find
it.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。
I hope you will soon find your lost ring.
希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。
另外,find还有“发现”;“感到”等意思。
例如:
I found a wallet in the desk.我在课桌里
发现了一个钱包。
I find this book very interesting.我觉得
这本书很有意思。
12. in front of /in the front of
In front of 表示在某物的前面,不在某物的
范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部,在
某物的范围内。试比较:
My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位
在玛丽座位的前面。
He is sitting in the front of the car with
词的用法比较。该空应填副词,因为它修饰的是动
词does。该题用的是not as+副词+as的结构,所
以答案应是B。
3. (2004年重庆市中考试题)
the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。
【考点扫描】
1. be going to的用法;
2. 形容词的比较级、最高级;
3. 形容词和副词的比较
4. 一般过去时
5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年烟台市中考试题)
In the exam, the ________ you are, the
________ mistakes you’ll make.
A. carefully, little B. more
carefully, fewest
C. more careful, fewer D. more careful,
less
【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是形容词和副
词的比较 以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应
填形容词careful的比较级,因为它在句中作表语,第二个空应填few的比较级,因为它修饰的是复数
可数名词。
2. (2004年河北省中考试题)
Bob never does his homework _________ Mary.
He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful B. as carefully as C.
carefully D. as careful as
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是形容词和副
That day I saw some parents _________ at the
back of the classroom, ________ to the
teacher.
A. sitting, listened B.
sat, listened
C. sitting, listening D.
sat, listening
【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是see sb. doing
sth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空
stting在句中作saw 的宾语补足语,第二个空
listening做伴随状语。
4. (2004年杭州市中考试题)
You ________ open the door before the train
gets into the station.
A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. needn’t
D. may not
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是几个情态动
词否定式的用法区别。don’t have to和needn’t
的意思都是“不必”,may not的意思是“可以
不”,只有mustn’t表示“不许”,“禁止”。
【满分演练】
一. 单项填空
1. Welcome back ________school.
A. in B. at C. to D. on
2. Miss Gao is our new Chinese teacher
________.
A. in this term B. this term
C. on this term D. that term
3. ---I’m sorry I’m late.
---_____________.
A. OK B. It doesn’t matter
C. All right D. Thank you
4. Li Mu and Jill are talking _________where
12. Ji Wei runs_________than I.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the
fastest
13. I think steamed bread is ____________
hamburger.
they are going.
A. about B. to C. with D. for
5. There is very ______food in the house.
A. a few B. little C. a little D. few
6. You’d better take a raincoat ____you.
A. to B. with C. on D. for
7. The children are going to the Great Wall
______a field trip.
A. to B. with C. on D. for
8. I’m______hungry. May I have a mooncake
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
9. I’m still hungry. I’d like
_________one.
A. other B. another C. an other D. the
other
moon looks ____than the sun, but in fact the
sun is ______than the moon.
A. big; big B. bigger;
bigger
C. small; small D. smaller;
smaller
11. I can see them_____football on the
playground.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. are
playing
A. more delicious than B. most delicious
than
C. more delicious to D. most delicious to
14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon
----__________. I’m free.
A. To do my homework B. To clean my house
C. To do some shopping D. Nothing much
15. ---May I speak to Jack
---____________. Who’s that
A. I’m Jack B. That is Jack
is Jack speaking D. I’m Jack speaking
16. ----Why not _________ and see the play
---Good idea.
B. going C. to go D. goes
17. It’s cold outside. Please keep the
door_________.
A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed
18. My home is about two hundred metres_____our
school.
A. from B. far from C. away D. to
19. There are some apple trees ________her
house.
A. in the front of B. at the back of
C. in the middle of D. at the front of
20. Which floor do you ________
A. live B. live on C. live at D. live in
二. 完形填空
The Xingqing Palace Park(兴庆宫公园)
is __1___ park in Xi’ Saturdays or Sundays,
children like ___3___ there __4___ their
parents. There they can play games. There is
a lake and a hill in the park. Today is Sunday.
Many children are playing in the park. Look!
Some children __5___ on the lake. They are good
三. 阅读理解

(A)
Mark Twain is traveling to Dijon by train.
He wants to sleep very much, so he asks the
conductor(服务员)to wake him up when the train
gets to Dijon. The he goes to sleep. Later, when
wakes up, it is early the next morning and the
train has got to Paris. He knows at once that
the conductor doesn’t wake him up at Dijon.
__6___ it. Is the boat ___7___ a chicken No.
It looks like a duck. Some boys are playing
__8___ football on the grass(草地)。A few boys
__9___the hill over there. All the children are
having a good time. They think playing in the
park is___10___ than having classes at school.
. bigger B. the biggest C. smaller
D. the smaller
. In B. On C. At
D. With
. walking B. going C. running
. with B. for C. on
D. in
. is swimming B. is boating C. are running
D. are boating
. In B. with C. from
D. at
. look B. likes C. looks
D. like
. a B. / C. an
D. the
. are running B. are walking C. are climbing
D. are jumping
. little better B. much better C. many better
D. the best
He is very angry. He runs up to the conductor
and says, “Why didn’t you wake me up and put
me off the train at Dijon I am very angry about
it!”
The conductor smiles and looks at him,
“Another American is more angry than you. But
you can’t see him now. I put him off the train
at Dijon last night.”
根据短文内容,判断下列各句的正误:正确的答
“A”,错误的答“B”。
1. Mark twain asks the conductor to wake him

up in Paris.
2. The train got to Dijon at night.
3. Mark Twain was very angry with the
conductor.
4. The conductor made a mistake(错误). He put
another American off the train at Dijon.
5. Mark Twain can’t see that American because
the American doesn’t like him.
(B)
The worst tourist in the world is Nicholas
Scotti of San Francisco . Once he flew from the
US to his home town in Italy to see someone at
home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil
at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought
he had arrived home, Mr Scotti got off the plane.
He thought he was in Rome .
When nobody was there to meet him, Mr
Scotti thought maybe they were held up by heavy
traffic. While looking for their addresses, Mr
Scotti found that the old
a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high
modern ones.
3. Why was Mr Scotti so sure that he was in Rome
A. Because he traveled a lot.
B. Because he knew little about the US.
C. Because he knew little about Italy.
D. Because he didn't travel much.
4. At last Mr Scotti _________.
He also found that many people spoke
English instead of Italian and that many street
signs were written in English.
Mr Scotti knew very little English, so he
A. knew he did something wrong
B. still thought he was
C. knew he was wrong
D. knew he was home
asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the
bus station. He happened to meet a policeman
who was also born in Italy and answered him in
the same language.
After twelve hours' traveling round on a
bus, the driver handed him over to a second
policeman. He asked the policeman why the Rome
police employed so many people as policemen
speaking English of Italian.
To get him on a plane back to San Francisco,
He was sent to the airport in a police car with
sirens(警报) on.
interpreter , know I'm in Italy. That's how
they drive.
1. When Mr Scotti arrived at the airport,
nobody met him because ____________.
A. he was in New York
B. he was in Rome
C. policemen could help him
D. he was in an Italian city
2. In what direction (方向) did the plane fly
when Mr Scotti went to Italy from the US
A. To the east.
B. To the south.
C. To the west
D. To the north.
5. Do you think many people do the same thing
as Mr Scotti did
A. Nobody but Mr Scotti made this kind of
mistake.
B. Many people make this kind of mistake.
C. Few people make this kind of mistake.
D. 50% of people will make the same mistake.
(C)
My wife and I stayed in London for a few
weeks last year. We went there in the autumn.
We think it is the best season to visit England.
The weather is usually quite good and there are
not too many visitors in October.
We stayed in a small restaurant in the West
End. We did most of our sightseeing on foot.
We went to look at all the places. We went
shopping and spent too much money. We liked
going to the theatre . We don't have the chance
to see such good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot
of people say English food is very bad. We
didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are
French or Chinese, but we had some very good
meals.
We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want
to go there again this year. We are going to
take our umbrellas . I'm sure we'll need them
sometimes.
1. “We went shopping and spent too much
money” means _________.
A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too
much money
B. prices were high in England
C. there were so many good things in the shops
and they bought a lot
D. they liked to go shopping with lots of
money
2. They didn't have the chance to see such good
2. I did everything ___________ (他要求我做
的).
3. We saw the old scientist ____________ (在
花园里散步) just now.
4. My grandpa has ___________ (好记忆). He can
remember many things.
5. Do you know who _______ (发明了机器人)
6. I find ____________ (记住这些单词很难).
7. I enjoy ____________ (吃大肉).
plays_________.
A. in their small restaurant B. in their
home town
C. in France D. in England
3. You can get _______ in a restaurant.
A. meals B. clothes C. books D. cakes
4. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes
because__________.
A. umbrellas can be very good presents for
their friends in London
B. it often rains in London
C. the English people like to bring umbrellas
with them
D. the English people protect (保护)
themselves with umbrella
5. The two visitors came from________.
A. England B. France
C. America D. a country we don't
know
四. 根据所给汉语完成下列英语句子
1. Yesterday afternoon Miss Li came here
_________ (向你道歉).
8. Don’t stand ___________ (一直). Please
give me a hand.
9. Wang Zheng __________ (出身在)a worker’s
family.
10. ________________ (祝你们好运), all the
boys.
初二年级(中)
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. give a concert
2. fall down
3. go on
4. at the end of
5. go back
6. in ahurry
7. write down
8. come out
9. all the year round
10. later on
11. at times
12. ring sb. up
13. Happy New Year!
14. have a party
15. hold on
16. hear from
17. be ready
18. at the moment
19. take out
same as
21. turn over
22. get-together
23. put on
24. take a seat
25. wait for
26. get lost
27. just then
28. first of all
29. go wrong
30. make a noise
31. get on
32. get off
33. stand in line
34. at the head of
35. laugh at
36. throw about
37. in fact
38. at midnight
39. enjoy oneself
40. have a headache
41. have a cough
42. fall asleep
43. again and again
44. look over
45. take exercise
II. 重要句型
1. be good for sth.
2. I think …
3. I hope…
4. I love…
5. I don’t like…
6. I’m sure…
7. forget to do sth.
8. take a message for sb.
9. give sb. the message
10. help yourself to sth.
11. be famous for sth.
12. on one’s way to…
13. make one’s way to…
14. quarrel with sb.
15. agree with sb.
16. stop sb. from doing sth.
III. 交际用语
’s the weather like today
’s cold, but quite suuny.

cold it is today!
, but it’ll be warmer later on.
we make a snowman
. Come on!
New Year!
I speak to Ann, please
on, please.
a lot for inviting me to your party.
. But I’m afraid I may be a little late.
I take a message for you
’s OK. It doesn’t matter.
’m very sorry, but I can’t come.
’m sorry to hear that.
birthday!
you like ... Would you like to ...
you think ... Yes, I think so. / No, I don't
think so.
you agree Yes, I agree. / No, don't really
agree. I really can't agree.
are a few / a lot of ... / on it.
do we.
'm happy you like it.
is the way to ..., please
right/left at the ... crossing.
on until you reach ...
can I get to ... Go down/up/along this road.
's the matter
'll take you half an hour to ...
'd better catch a bus.
may be in ... Ah, so it is
must be more careful!
mustn't cross the road now.
you want to cross a street, you must wait for
the green light.
stand in line.
must wait for your turn.
you don't go soon, you'll be late.
don't feel very well.
head hurts.
mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor.
's the trouble
's the matter with…
didn't feel like eating anything.
serious.
get a pain in…
problem.
this medicine three times a day.
IV. 重要语法
1. 一般过去时;
2. 反意疑问句的用法;
3. 一般将来时;
4. 感叹句;
5. 简单句的五种基本句型;
6. 情态动词can, may和must, have to的用法;
7. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句。
【名师讲解】
1. above/ over/ on
这三个介词都表示“在……之上”,但含义不
同。on指在某物的表面上,和某物接触;abo ve指
在某物的上方,不和某物接触,但也不一定在某物
的正上方;over指在某物的正上方 ,不和某物接触。
试比较:
There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
(1)be sure to do sth.可以用来表示说话人给
I raise my right hand above my head. 我把
右手高举过头。
There is a stone bridge over the river. 河
面上有座石桥。
2. forget to do sth./forget doing sth.
forget to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”,
实际上还没做;forget doing sth,意思是“忘记
做过某事”,实际上已经做过了。试比较:
I forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他
这条消息了。
I forgot telling him the news.我已经把这条
消息告诉他了,我却忘了。
类似的词还有:remember, regret等。
3. hope/wish
hope和wish 在汉语中都有“希望”的意思,
但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下:
(1)wish可以用来表示不可实现的愿望;hope
只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如:
I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自
己能年轻二十岁。
I hope you’ll be better soon. 我希望你
能很快好起来。
I wish the weather wasn’t so cold. 但愿
天气不这麽冷。
I hope he will come, too. 我希望他也能来。
(2)wish可以接sb. to do sth. 的结构,而hope
不可以。例如:
Do you wish me to come back later 你是
否希望我再来
4. be sure to do sth./ be sure of/about sb. or
sth.
对方提出要求 ,意思是“务必”,也可以用来
表示说话人做出的推断,意思是“一定”,
“肯定”。例如:
Be sure to lock the door when you leave.
你离开时务必把门锁好。
It’s a good film. You are sure to enjoy
it.这是一部好电影,你肯定会喜欢的。
(2)be sure of/about sth. 可用来表示“某
人对某事有把握”。例如:
I’m sure of his success.我相信他会成功。
I think it was three years ago, but I’m
not sure about it.我想那是三年前的事情,
但我没有把握。
5. hear from/hear of
hear意思是“听到”,从哪里听到要用from
来表示。例如:
I’ve heard from Xiao Wu that we’ll start
out military training tomorrow.
我听小吴说,我们明天开始军训。
Listen to the tape and write out what you hear
from Han Mei.
听录音,并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。
hear from还有一个意思是“收到某人的来
信”(=receive a letter from sb.)。例如:
I heard from my pen friend in the last
month.
上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。
I heard from her last week. 我上周接到了她
的来信。
hear of和和hear from含义不同。hear of 意
思是“听说”,“得知”(某事或某人的存在),
常用在疑问句和否定句里。例如:
Who is he I’ve never heard of him.他是谁
我从来没有听说过他。
(2)但下列情况中只用seem不用look:
1)后跟不定式to do时。如:
I never heard of such a thing! 这样的事我
从来没有听说过。
6. It’s a pleasure./With pleasure.
It’s a pleasure这句话常用作 别人向你表
示致谢时的答语,意思是“那是我乐意做的”。
例如:
He seems to know the answer. 他似乎
知道答案。
2)在It seems that ...结构中。如:
It seems that he is happier now than
yesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。
8. be ready to do/be ready for/ get ready to
---Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你地帮助。
do/get ready for
---It’s a pleasure. 那是我乐意做的。
---Thanks a lot. Bye.非常感谢。 再见。
---It’s a pleasure. 那是我乐意做的。再见。
类似的话还有 “Not at all.” “You are
welcome.” “That’s all right.”
With ple asure也用作客气的答语,主要用在
别人要你做某事,而你又非常愿意去做的场合。
例如:
---Will you please pass me the newspaper,
please
请你把报纸递给我好吗
---With pleasure.
当然可以。
7. seem/look
(1)二者都可以作“看起来”讲,但 seem暗示
凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断,这种判断往往
接近事实;look着重强调由 视觉得出的印象。两者
都可跟(to be)+形容词和as if从句。如:
He seems / looks (to be) very happy today.
他今天看起来很高兴。
It looks (seems) as if it it is going to
rain. 好像要下雨了。
(1)be ready to do和be ready for…表示“已
作好…的准备”,强调状态
(2)get ready to do和get ready for…表示
“为…做准备”,强调行为。如:
I'm ready to do anything you want me to
do. 我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的
事。
I'm ready for any questions you may ask.
我愿意/随时准备回答你可能问的问题。
He's getting ready to leave for Tokyo.
他正准备动身去东京。
Let's get ready for the hard moment.我
们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。
(3)be ready to do 通常可理解“乐于做某
事”,即思想上总是有做某事的准备。be not
ready to do表示
“不轻易做某事”。如:
He's usually not ready to listen to others.
他通常不轻易听从别人。
9. at table/at the table
at table在吃饭,at the table在桌子旁
边。例如:
The Greens are at table. 格林一家人在吃饭。
Mr. Black is sitting at the table and
reading a book.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。
10. reach, arrive/get to
三者都有到达之意。reach是及物动词,后
直接加 名词,get和arrive是不及物动词,不能直
接加名词,须借助于介词。get to后加名词地 点,
句中的maybe是副词,意思是可能,常位于句首,
不能位于句中,相当于另一副词pe rhaps。再如:
Maybe you put it in that bag.也许你放在
了那只包里。(不能说You maybe put it
in that bag.)
It may be a hat.那可能是顶帽子。(不能说
It maybe a hat. 或It maybe is a hat.)
若跟副词地点时,to去掉;arrive at +小地方,
arrive in+大地方。如:
Lucy got to the zoo before 8 o'clock. 露西
8点前到了动物园。
When did your parents arrive in Shanghai 你
父母何时到上海的
It was late when I got home. 我到家时天色
已晚。
11. sick/ill
二者都是形容词。当“生病的,患病“之意时,
ill只作表语, 不作定语;而sick既可作表语也可
作定语。sick有呕吐,恶心的意思,只能作表语,
而 ill无此意。如:
Li Lei was ill last week. (只作表语)李磊
上周生病了。
He's a sick man. (作定语)他是病人。不能
说成:He's an ill man.
My grandfather was sick for a month last
year. (作表语)我祖父去年病了一个
月。
12. in time/on time
in time是及时的意思,on time是准时,
按时。如:
I didn't get to the bus stop in time. 我
没有及时赶上汽车。
We'll finish our job on time. 我们要按时
完成任务。
13. may be/maybe
It may be in your inside pocket. = Maybe
it is in your inside pocket. 也许在你里边的
口袋里。第一句中may be是情态动词+be 动词构
成的谓语部分,意思是也许是,可能是;第二
14. noise/ voice/ sound
noise 指嘈杂声,噪音大的吵杂声。voice是
指说话的声音, 嗓音,嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够
听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通
的字。 有时还用作科学上的声音。例如:
Don't make so much noise! 别那么大声喧哗!
I didn't recognize John's voice on the
telephone. 在电话里我听不出约翰的声
音。
He spoke in a low voice. 他低声说话。
We heard a strange sound. 我们听到了一种
奇怪的声音。
Sound travels fast, but light travels
faster. 声音传得快,但是光传得更快。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1. 一般过去时;
2. 反意疑问句的用法;
3. 一般将来时;
4. 感叹句;
5. 简单句的五种基本句型;
6. 情态动词can, may和must, have to的用法;
7. 时间状语从句和条件状语从句;
8. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
9. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和
完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年长沙市中考试题)
---Do you know if we will go to the cinema
tomorrow
---I think we’ll go if we ________ too much
homework.
A. will have B. had C. won’t have D.
4. (2004年福建省泉州市中考试题)
---Thanks for your help.
---__________________
A. It doesn’t matter B.
Don’t thank me
C. You’re welcome D.
That’s right
【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是日常交际用
don’t have
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是条件状语从
句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通 常用一般现
在是表示将来的动作。
2. (2004年佛山市中考试题)
You have been to Tibet, _________ I was told
that the snow-covered mountains were very
beautiful.
A. have you B. haven’t you C. don’t you
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是反意疑问句
的构成。反意疑问句的前一 部分是肯定句,后一部
分就应该是否定的疑问部分,而且要和前一部分保
持时态上的一致。
3. (2004年扬州市中考试题)
---Jacky, look at that Japanese sumoist(相
扑手).
---Wow, ______________!
A. How a fat man B. What a fat
man
C. How fat man D. What fat
man
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是感叹句的构
成。 这个感叹句省略了主谓部分,只保留了感叹部
分。如果以What开头,就应该是What a fat man!
如果是How开头,就应该是How fat!
语。回答别人的道谢通常用“That’s all
right.”或”You’re welcome.”
【满分演练】
一. 选择填空
1. Don’t forget _________your book here
tomorrow.
A. to take B. to bring C. taking D.
bringing
2. Mrs Brown went to the cinema, ______she
A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. wasn’t D.
isn’t
3. It was half past four. Everything
_______ready.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
4. ---Happy New Year!
---____________.
A. The same to you B. I’m glad to
hear that
C. I’m very happy D. Thank you.
It’s very kind of you.
5. I got up late yesterday. There _________no
time to have breakfast.
A. has B. had C. was D. is
6. Thank you for ______me to your party.
A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D.
invited
7. ---I’m sorry I took your pen by mistake
yesterday.
---______________.
A. All right B. That’s right C. Right
A. I’m very glad. B. That’s
right.
C. It doesn’t matter D. Not at
all
is he doing at the moment
B. a moment ago C. late D later on
you have a good time at the party
D. That’s all right
8. ---Thank you for showing me the way!
---________________.
A. The same to you B. It doesn’t
matter
C. It’s a pleasure D. That’s
right
9. ---Could I use your computer for a moment
---_____________.
A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It
doesn’t matter
10. ---I just lost my bike.
---________________.
A. I wish you to buy a new one
B. You’d better buy a new one
C. I’m sorry to hear that
D. It’s always nice to ride a new one
二. 选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语
’s the matter with your mother
B. question C. message D. wrong
you very much.
---It’s a pleasure.
long B. sing and dance C. enjoy
yourself D. eat enough
I speak to John, please
---Certainly.
. B. I think so. C. I’d love to D.
That’s all right.
I speak to Jim, please
---Sorry,he isn’t in.
at home B. is not at work C. is out
D. is free
is nothing but an old table in the room.
A. many B. some
C. any D. only
’s the weather like
A. When B. Where C. why D. How
let me look at your photo.
me B. pass me C. bring me D. show me
ask him to ring me up when he comes back.
A. see B. help C. call D. thank
三. 完形填空
When I __1__ in London last year, it had
one of the thickest fogs(雾) in years. You
could __2____ see your hand in __3___ of your

face. When evening fell, it became even
__4___ . All traffic __5___ to a stop. I
decided to walk.
A few minutes __6___ , I couldn’t find
my__7___ . Then I saw a young man and asked
him to help me. He agreed. As I was following
him __8__ the streets, he told me, “I know
this part of London quite well. And the thick
fog ___9__ to me. You see, I’m __10___ .”
. is B. was C. am D. are
The famous piece has in it several very
long rests. In each of these rests he took
his hands from the piano and waited. To him
this was very exciting. But it seemed that
the mother of the rich man thought
differently. Finally during one of these
rests she came over to him. She touched him
on the head with a smile and said, “My boy,
why
don’t you play us what you know well”
根据短文内容判断正误:正确的答“A”,错
误的答“B”。
2. A. easily B. hard C. hardly D.
even
3. A. front B. the front C. back D.
the back
4. A. bad B. worse C. good D.
better
. began B. started C. went D came
. late B. later C. early D.
earlier
. road B. way C. street D. home
. along B. in C. through D. by
. is not good B. does good
C. is nothing D. has
something
. strong B. week C. blind D.
clever
四. 阅读理解
(A)
John was a very famous pianist. When he was
a small boy, he once played at a party at
the home of a rich man. He was only eight
years old. But he had played for several
years. At the party he played a famous
piece by Beethoven (贝多芬). He played
wonderfully.
once played the piano at a party when he was
only a little boy.
began to play the piano at the age of eight.
each of the rests John took his hands from the
piano because he felt tired.
rich man’s mother did not think John played
the piece well.
n fact the mother of the rich man knew the
piece well.
(B)
One day, we had an English class. The
teacher saw a boy reading a picture book and
said, “Tom, what do you usually do after
lunch” Tom nervously(紧张地)got up from his
seat, but he did not know what to answer. He
thought for some time and then said, “Wait
for supper.”
The teacher was displeased and just at that
moment, he saw another boy asleep. The
teacher was getting a little angry now, but
he was trying not to show it. Then he asked,
“And you, Joke”
As Joke was asleep, of course, he could not
hear what the teacher had said. His
deskmate(同桌) woke him up. Joke stood up
quickly and answered in a loud voice, “So
do I”.
story happened____________.
A. in the teacher’s office B.
after lunch
C. in class D. a
home
’s answer made the teacher __________.
A. angry B. displeased C. surprising D.
was very hot, she put it near the open
window to cool for a few minutes. But, five
minutes later, when she came back for it,
she was shocked(震惊)to find the neighbour’s
cat at the dish. She was in time to stop
the car. That afternoon was successful and
laughing
teacher asked Joke ________.
he wanted to do after class
he did in class
same question as he asked Tom
help Tom
’s answer meant that_______.
knew what to do and what not to do after
lunch
did the same thing as Tom did
read a picture-book
did many things after lunch
the above story we can see that ________.
A. Joke did not know what question the
teacher had asked
did well in his lessons
was good at his lessons
and Joke worked hard at their lessons
(C)
Mrs Black, the wife of a rich business man,
invited some of her friends to have
lunch. She wanted to try a new way of cooking
a fish, and she was very pleased with
herself when the dish was ready. As the dish
everyone enjoyed the dish very much.
They talked and laughed till four o’clock.
At the end of the afternoon, when she was
alone again, Mrs Black felt tired and
happy. She was in a chair just near the window.
She looked out of the window and
shocked to see the neighbour’s cat dead in her
garden. Why, the fish dish must be bad!
What would happen to her friends She at once
telephoned the family doctor for
advice. The doctor told her to telephone each
of the visitors to meet him at the
hospital as soon as he could. Finally the
danger was over. Once again Mrs Black was
alone in her chair in the sitting-room, still
tired but no longer happy. Just then the
telephone rang. It was her neighbour. “Oh, Mrs
Black,” her neighbour cried, “My cat
is dead. She was killed by someone in a car and
put it in your garden.”
Black invited _______to lunch.
A. Mr Black’s friends
B. her neighbour
C. her parents D.
some of her friends
was Mrs Black not happy after she had a good
party
was sad about the dead cat.
found her fish dish was bad.
never thought that she would have so much
trouble.
felt tired after she had a busy day.
Black________________________.
the cat before it began to eat the fish
I don’t like winter, _____it’s ____
_____.
3. 西安位于中国的西北部。
Xi’an is ______the ______of China.
4. 多好吃的面包啊!
_____ _____ bread it is!
5. 明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。
The temperature will _____ ____ _____ in
the daytime tomorrow.
六. 句型转换,使第二个句子和第一个句子的意思
too late to stop the cat in time
the cat before it ate the fish up
the cat but it was too late
was Mrs Black so shocked to see the cat dead
in her garden
liked the cat very much.
worried about her friends.
was sure that her fish was bad.
didn’t know how the cat died.
.
Black found that all her friends were all
right
visitor told her that the cat was killed
by someone in a car
Black felt happy as all her friends were
safe
Black met all her friends at the hospital
五. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
1. 收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。
The radio says the rain____ ____ ____
____today.
2. 我不喜欢冬天,因为天气太冷了。
相近或相同
a hot day today!
_____ _____ it is today!
2. Most of North and South China will have
a cold wet day .
____ will be cold and wet _____ most of
North and South China.
3. The radio says it will be cloudy
sometimes.
The radio says it will be cloudy ____ ____.
4. The snow will be heavy in some places.
It _____ _____ _____ in some places.
5. Shall we go out for a walk
_____ _____ going out for a walk
初二英语(下)
【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. on time
2. out of
3. all by oneself
4. lots of
5. no longer
6. get back
7. sooner or later
8. run away
9. eat up
10. take care of
11. turn off
12. turn on
13. after a while
14. make faces
15. teach oneself
16. fall off
17. play the piano
18. knock at
19. to one's surprise
20. look up
21. enjoy oneself
22. help yourself
23. tell a story / stories
24. leave....behind ……
25. come along
26. hold a sports meeting
27. be neck and neck
28. as ... as
29. not so / as ... as
30. do one's best
31. take part in
32. a moment late
33. Bad luck!
34. fall behind
35. high jump
36. long jump
37. relay race
38. well done!
39. take off
40. as usual
41. a pair of
42. at once
43. hurry off
44. come to oneself
45. after a while
46. knock on
47. take care of
48. at the moment
49. set off
50. here and there
51. on watch
52. look out
53. take one’s place
II. 重要句型
1. We’d better not do sth.
2. leave one. oneself
3. find one’s way to a place
4. stand on one’s head
5. make sb. Happy


6. catch up with sb.
7. pass on sth. to somebody
8. spend time doing sth.
9. go on doing sth.
10. get on well with sb.
11. be angry with sb.
12. be fed up with sth.
13. not…until…
14. make room for sb.
III. 交际用语
1. We’re all by ourselves.
2. I fell a little afraid.
3. Don’t be afraid.
4. Help!
5. Can’t you hear anything
6. I can’t hear anything / anybody there.
7. Maybe it’s a tiger.
8. Let’s get it back before they eat the food.
9. Did she learn all by herself
10. Could she swim when she was …years old
11. She didn’t hurt herself.
12. He couldn’t buy himself many nice things.
13. Did he enjoy himself
14. Help yourselves.
15. Bad luck!
16. Come on!
17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!
18. It must be very interesting.
19. I don’t think you’ll like it.
20. It seems to be an interesting book.
21. I’m sure (that)… I’m not sure if… I’m
not sure what to…
22. I hope so.
23. What was he/she drawing when…
24. I’m sorry to trouble you.
25. Would you please…
26. What were you doing at ten o’clock
yesterday morning
27. You look tired today.
28. You’d better go to bed early tonight, if
you can.
29. How kind!
30. Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an
accident.
31. It’s really nice of you.
32. Don’t mention it.
33. Don’t crowd around him.
IV. 重要语法
1. 不定代词/副词的运用;
2. 反身代词的用法;
3. 并列句;
4. 形容词和副词的比较等级;
5. 冠词的用法;
6. 动词的过去进行时;


【名师讲解】
1. bring/take
Bring表示 “带来、拿来”,指从别处朝说话
人所在或将在的地方“带来、拿来”。而take则
表示“拿 去、带走”,它表示的方向与bring相反,
(1)listen 只用于不及物动词,后面接人或人 物
做宾语,着重于“倾听”,指的是有意识的动
作,至于是否听到,并非强调的重点。如:
Listen! Someone is singing in the
classroom. 听!有人在教室唱歌。
指从说话人所在地“拿走、带走”。如:
Bring me the book, please. 把那本书给我拿
来。
Take some food to the old man. 给那位老人
带去些食物。
2. somebody/ anybody/nobody
一般说来,somebody 用于定句,anybody用于
否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。例如:
Somebody came to see you when you were out.
你出来时有人来见你。
Does anybody live on this island 有人在这
岛上住吗
I didn't see anybody there. 我在那儿谁也没
看见。
Don't let anybody in. I'm too busy to see
anybody. 别让任何人进来。我太忙,谁也不想
见。
There is nobody in the room. 房间里没人。
Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn't
know about it . 谁也没告诉我你病了。所以我
不知道。
3. listen, listen to, hear
这三个词意思都是“听”,但是它们的用法不
完全相同。它们的区别在于:
(2)listen to 为listen的及物形式,后面一定
要接人或物做宾语,这里的to是介词。如:
Do you like listening to light music你喜
欢听轻音乐吗
(3)hear 可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动
词,意思是“听到、听见”,指用耳朵听 到了
某个声音,表示无意识的动作,着重于听的能
力和结果。如:
We hear with our ears.我们用耳朵听。
She listens but hears nothing.她听了听,
但是什么也没有听见。
4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;
都表示许多。例如:
He has many books.他有许多书。
He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶。
(2)a few和a little都表示有一点儿,侧重
于肯定,相当于,但a few修
饰可数名词,a little修饰不可数名词,例
如:
He has a few friends in London.他在伦敦
有一些朋友。
Would you like some coffee Yes, just a
little.喝点咖啡好吗好的,只要一点。
( 3)few和little表示几乎没有,侧重否定。
few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名 词。
例如:
He is a strange man. He has few words.他
是个怪人,他几乎不说什么话。

Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快,
没什么时间了。
5. either/ neither/ both
either可作形容词,一般指两者中的任何一
个。有时也 可表示两个都……
词的单数形式;neither: 指两者中没有一个,全
否定;both: 指两者都,肯定。句中可作主语、宾
语和定语,both后面应跟名词的复数形式。如:
Neither of the films is good.两部电影都不
好。(没有一部是好的)
Either of the films is good. 两部电影都不
错。(谓语动词用单数)
Both the teachers often answer the questions.
这两个老师都常常解答问题。
6. take part in/join
take part in参加某种活动; join参加,加
入某一政党或组织。例如:
Can you take part in my party.你能来参加我
的派对吗
We often take part in many school activities.
我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。
He joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的
党。
My little brother joined the army last year.
我小弟去年参的军。
7. quite/ rather/ very
(1)quite 表示程度“很,十分,完全地”,“相
当”。如:
She is quite right.她对极了。
That's not quite what I want . 那并不完
全是我所要的。
(2)rather 表示程度上的“相当”,比预想地程
度要大,通常用在不喜欢的情况下。如:It's
rather cold today.今天的天气相当冷。
(3)very表示程度“很, 甚,极其,非常”,用
于修饰形容词或副词,既可用在喜欢的情况
下,也可用于不喜欢的情况下 。应注意“a very
+形容词+可数名词的单数”结构中,应置
于之前,该结构相当“quite a/an +形
容词+名词”的结构。如:
Two months is quite a long time. / a very
long time. 两个月是一段很长的时间。
It's a very nice day / quite a nice day.
今天天气很好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1. 不定代词/副词的运用;
2. 反身代词的用法;
3. 并列句;
4. 形容词和副词的比较等级;
5. 冠词的用法;
6. 动词的过去进行时;
7. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
8. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和
完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年江西省中考试题)
---I called you yesterday evening, but there
was no answer.
---Oh, I am sorry I ___________ dinner at my
friend’s home.

-retail


-laptop


-屎


-cost


-discipline


-同比增长


-松树


-association



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