install是什么意思2018届高考英语3500词汇表速记法方案

2021年1月6日发(作者：梅冲)

2016年高考英语词汇解析
A
1.●abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛
弃 abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/
hope
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于
He abandoned himself to despair.
1

4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞
机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)
all the people aboard 机上的
人
7. abroad ad.到(在)国外 a)
go /study /live abroad b) at
home and abroad在国内外
8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席
absence from work/ school
The decision was made in my
absence.
2

in the absence of 在缺少…条件
下 The case was dismissed in the
absence of proof.
9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在
的 be absent from
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进
（液体，气体等） 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/
oxygen/ sound/ energy
3

absorb information/ knowledge
be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神
于…
11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂
abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege
滥用权力/职权/特权
13.●access n.方法，通路，机会
The only access to the farm was
a narrow bridge.
4

Only high officials have access
to the emperor.
We students have access to the
school library.
accessible adj. 可进入的，可
接近的，可使用的
Such information is not easily
accessible to the public.
15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴
5

随，伴奏 accompany sb. to
the school/ supermarket
accompany the singer on / at the
piano
Lightening
accompanies thunder.
20. ache vi./n headache /
toothache My back aches so
much.
23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢
6
usually

It is generally acknowledged that
global warming is caused by
greenhouse gases.
Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to
be the best player in China.
I acknowledged financial support
from the local government.
30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编
vt. 使适应 adapt to change
/the city life
adapt oneself to the new
surroundings adapt the novel
for a film adaptation n. 适应
31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说
（that）
7

add(…)to 添加 add up
把…加在一起 add up to总计为; 总
数为
a) His illness added to our
trouble. b) He added that he
would come again.
c) Please add these figures up.
d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the
water.
32. address n.地址 vt.写地址；
向…讲话（尤指演讲）
address the letter to sb. 给某人
寄信 The letter was wrongly
addressed.
8

The president addressed the
public.
36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳
adopt a child the
adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/
a plan/ an attitude
38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数
名词) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用
have an advantage over 优于…
to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利
39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告
1）为…做广告 advertise a
product / things
9

2）登广告征求/寻找… advertise
for a new sales manager
41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，
使悲伤等
Smoking affects health.
People were deeply affected by the
death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt.
负担得起
,抽得出
(时间); 提供
can/could/be able to afford
sth/to do sth I can’t afford a
book/to buy the book
46. agree vi. 同意；应允
1）agree with ① agree
with sb / what you say/your opinion.
10

②表示一致;“ (食物、天气、工
作等)对…适宜”：
The weather does not agree with
me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
A verb must agree with its
subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree
with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2）agree to the plan/ the
arrangement/ the suggestion .
3）agree on /upon主要指双/多
方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成
协议：
We agreed on the price. 我们就
价格达成了一致意见。
11

Both sides agreed on these terms.
双方都同意这些条件。
4) agree to do sth He
agreed to go with us. 他同意同我们
去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an
agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t
agree more.
50.◎alike adj. 相像，十分相似
We are alike in many ways.
adv. 相似的，相同的
They tried to treat their children
alike.
51. alive a. 活着的，存在的
catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive
12

be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish.
Who is the greatest man alive.(后置
定语)
52. allow v 准许，允许 allow
doing/ sb to do
allow for 把 考虑进去
Has everything been allowed for in
your plan?
53. almost adv几乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody came
to the party. There was
almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj/adv 单独的 孤独
的
13

1) 形容词She is alone at home.
（她独自一人在家。）
2) 副词I like to work alone.
（我喜欢独自一人工作。）
3) “只有，仅仅”， The shoes
alone cost $$200. ※ let /leave sb /sth
alone 别打扰
let alone 更不用说
★ lonely
1) 定语， “孤单的，无伴侣的，
无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的”
a lonely man / island.
2) 表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的”
feel lonely ※ He lives alone
but he doesn’t feel lonely.
14

57. ◎ amount n. 数额（尤指数
量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n
large amounts
of +u/n v. （数量，意义等） 等同，
相当于 amount to
1) （数量上）达到，总计
Time lost through illness
amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾
病而损失的时间总共为
2）等于，意味着
Ultimately, their ideas amount
to the same thing. 归根结底，他们
想的都是一回事。
64. answer n. the answer to the
question v. answer a
15

question/the door/the phone；
answer for 对… 负责 You
will have to answer for your wrong
doing one day.
65. ◎anxiety n. 忧虑，焦急，担
心
anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安
的；担心的 be anxious about sth for
sb
渴望的，急切
的 be anxious to do sth
68. ●appeal v. n. 吸引，呼吁，恳
求
The design has appealed to
people of all ages. I appeal to
16

you to protect the environment.
have/ hold appeal for sb. 对某
人有吸引力 lose one’s
appeal 失去吸引力
69. appear 1) vi. 出现，露面
The man suddenly ______ from
behind the tree scared me.
2) 系动词 似乎，好像
appear+ (to be) + n/adj 似乎
It appears (to sb) that /as if
He appeared to be happy in the news.
It appears to me that he will
win
It appears that all the files
have been deleted.档案好像都已经
17

被删除了。
Police say there appear to
be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎有
破门而入的迹象。
70. ◎appearance n. 出现，露面；
容貌 judge by appearances 以
貌取人
71.◎application n.申请
make an application for
72. apply v. 申请 apply for
申请；请求，接洽
apply sth to …运用，应用
apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力
做某事
73. ●appoint vt. 任命，委派，安
18

排，确定
1) 任命，委派A committee
was appointed to consider the plan.
一个委员会被指定去研究这些计
划。 He was appointed as
chairman.
2). 约定，确定 Everyone
got there at the appointed time.
In the evening he made his way
to the appointed meeting place.
74. appointment n.
make an appointment 约定、会
his appointment as president 他担
任总统的任命
75. ◎appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激
19

appreciate your concern
appreciate doing sth
appreciate your abilities/ fine
works of art I’d appreciate it if
you let me get on with my job.
76. ◎approach 1). v. 接
近；靠近；走进
As they approached the wood, a
rabbit ran out of the trees.
I find him difficult to approach.
The winter vacation is approaching.
2). n. 接近；方法；途径；通路
He decided to adopt a different
approach and teach the Bible through
story-telling.
20

His approach to the problem are
wrong. All the approach to the
palace were guarded by troops.
77. ●approve vi. 赞成 vt. 同意，
批准 approve of 赞成，同意
approve of one’s idea
He doesn’t approve of my leaving
this year. approve the plan/
proposal 通过计划/ 提议

approval n.
79. argue vi. 争辩，争论 n.
argument 1) argue for
/against 赞成/反对
2) argue sb into/out of doing sth
说服某人做/不做某事
21

3) argue with sb about sth 与某人
争论某事
80. ◎arise arose arisen vi.
1) 出现，发生，产生 A new crisis
has arisen. 新危机出现。
2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at
dawn. 他黎明即起。
81.◎argument n. 1)争论，辩
论 have an argument with sb
about / over sth
2) 论点，论据 a powerful
argument against smoking argue
v. argue with sb about / over sth
82. arm
n. 手臂,支架 武器（复） arm
22

in arm 手挽手 take up arms
拿起武器
vt. 以…装备,武装起来
arm…with…
Armed with the new equipment,
the explorers entered the cave.
be armed to the teeth 全副武装
83. around 在周围; 在附近; 大约
around the corner 在拐角处，即
将到来 around the clock
昼夜不停地
84.◎arrange vt. 安排，布置
arrange an appointment 安排预
约 Have you arranged to
meet Mark this weekend?
23

We had arranged that I would
go for the weekend.我们商量好了，
这个周末我去。
He arrived as arranged. 他如约
而至。
The company will arrange for a
taxi to meet you at the airport.
Dave arranged for someone to
drive him home.
arrangement n. 安排，布置
make arrangements for…
85.◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He
got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb
under arrest 逮捕某人
24

86. arrive v arrival n. 到来；
达到 arrive at Guests
receive dinner on/upon their arrival
87. article n.
文章
；东西；物品；
冠词 an article of clothing
一件衣服
88. ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
89. asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表
语形容词) fall asleep 入睡
He seems to be fast asleep.
90. ●assist v. 帮助，协助
assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place
to live.
She employed a woman to assist
25

her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/
military assistance 技术/军事援助
91. ●assume v. 假定，假设
It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher.
我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他
装出关心的样子。 assuming
（that）… 假设，假如
92. assumption n.
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱
b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而
害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到
26

羞愧 ※ ashamed &
shameful
ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭
愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道
德。 He is ashamed of his shameful
conduct.
93. astonish v 使惊讶
astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at 对…感到
大吃一惊 an astonished
look
94. attach attach …to
95. attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do
27

He was charged with attempting to
kill his wife.
attempt sth
The plane crashed while attempting
an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to
do /at doing 试图做某事
96. attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；
出席，参加 attend a meeting/
school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I
have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a
baby
97. attention n. 注意，关心
28

pay ( much/no/little) attention to
draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on；
attract one’s attention
98. attract v. 吸引，引起
Like attracts like 物以类聚
99. available
100. average adj 平均的；普通的
n. 平均数 on
(the)average 按平均
I was just an average sort of
student. 我只是一个普通学生。
101. avoid doing
102. awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/
awoken) Is he awake or asleep?
29

awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the
dangers of her situation. adj
醒着的be wide awake
103. award n. v.
104. aware be aware of
105. away adv离开；远离
keep away from 保持距离； far
away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give
away 泄露，赠送
106. awful
B
1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.
后面的 n. 背后，后部；背
30

back and forth 来回，往返；
back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 背后；
look back 回顾
put back 放回去；
turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
2. ◎backward adv.
backward and forward 来来回回
bend /lean over backward to do
竭尽全力去做…
3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an
article of baggage
4. ◎balance 1) n. ① 平衡
keep a balance (between A and B)
lose one’s balance
31

disturb the balance of
one’s mind
② 余额 (常用单数） check
your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The
balance of 500 yuan must be paid
within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不
明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off
balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知
所措 on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth
balance on one leg
32

He balanced the cup on
her knee.
②同等重视 balance A
with/ and B balance home life with
career
③比较权衡 balance A
against B balance the cost against
its benefit
balanced adj. be on a
balanced diet
5. ●ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔
a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…加以
禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing
禁止某人做
33

6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of
chocolate / soap
障碍 Being a woman was a bar
to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and
windows were barred.
阻止 bar sb. from ...
bar players from drinking
7. bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）
成交的商品；廉价货
Those shoes are a real bargain at
such a low price.v. 讨价还价
bargain with sb about /over sth
8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...
34

为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…
为基础 His book is
based on a true story.
2) be based in以...为基地,把基地
设在 The toy company
is based in Guangzhou.
basic adj 基本的basic
knowledge/skills basically
adv.
9. ◎basis (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis
of…
2) 基准，原则 on a regular
/permanent basis 以定期的/永久的
35

方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of…
Some videos were banned on the
basis of violence.
10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆;
have/take a bath
bathe v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed
in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）
bathroom n.浴室
11. bear (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin
to bear your weight.
2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/
burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、
36

否定句，与can, could 连用）
bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节
奏的敲击 My heart is beating
faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore.
击败: He beat me in the game.
※ beat & hit &strike & knock
13. before
It will be +
段时间
+before+
do/does…
要过多久才
…
It was +
段时间
+before+ did…
没
过多久就
…
14. beg 乞求，请求
37

beg—begged—begged—begging
beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原
谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
15.
begin—began—begun—beginning
begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入
语)首先、第一
I don’t like living here. To
begin with, the room is far too small.
16. beginning n.开始，开端
at the beginning of… in the
beginning= at first
17. ◎behave v. 表现
38

He behaved as if nothing had
happened.
behave badly/well/like a true
gentleman
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼
貌 well / badly behaved
children
18. ◎ behavior n. 不可数
good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表
现得体
19. behind drop/ fall behind
落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗
落、忘带
20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）
39

相信，信心 belief in I admire
his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数） He
acted in the belief that he was doing
good.
There is a general belief that
things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数 beliefs）
religious/ political beliefs
短语 beyond belief 难以置信
to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
21. believe believe it or not (插
入语)信不信由你
It is believed that he
is a good teacher. =He is believed to
40

be a good teacher.
22. belong belong to 属于（无被
动） The house belonging to her
is under repair.
23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案
bend—bent—bent
She was bent over her desk
writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。
24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不
可数）She didn’t get much benefit
from her staying abroad.
短语: be of benefit to...=be
beneficial to ... to one’s benefit
对某人有利
for one’s benefit = for the
41

benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某
人的利益
2） vt./ vi. benefit sb./ sth
benefit from/ by...
beneficial adj. 有益的，有用的
be beneficial to ...
25. best do/ try one’s best to do
尽全力做 make the best
of…尽量利用
all the best （书信结语）
一切顺利、万事如意
26. better had better do…最
好做… 否定：had better not do
be better worth
reading 更值得读 be
42

better known 更著名的
27. beyond 超出、超过
beyond one’s imagination/description
难以想象/描述
beyond one’s power 超出能力范
围 beyond my wildest dreams
做梦也没想到
28. ●bid –bid- bid- bidding v. 出
价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth.
I bid 2000 dollars for the painting.
我出价20000美元买这幅画。
The highest bid for the picture
was 20000. 这幅画的最高出价是两
万
29. birth n.出生、诞生 at
43

birth 出生时 give birth to 生
下、孕育了
30. biscuit 饼干c/n some chocolate
biscuits
31. bit 1) a bit of+不可数n.= a
little +不可数n. He can speak a
bit of French.
2) a bit/a little +比较级
a bit more slowly 3) not a
bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不
32. blame 1）be to blame 应该受
到责备（主动表被动） 2) blame sb.
for doing→sb. be blamed for …
33.◎blank
1) n. 空白处，空格 fill in the
44

blanks
(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 My mind
was a blank and I couldn’t
remember her name.
2) adj. 空白的，无装饰的，无图画
的 a blank form/ wall
不理解的，没表情的,空虚
的 a blank expression Suddenly
my mind went blank.
34. be blind to 对…视而不见、熟视
无睹 =turn a blind eye to
35. blow v. (blew blown) 吹、刮
blow down 吹倒 blow up 爆炸、
炸毁
n. 打击 give sb. a
45

blow 给某人打击
36. board n. 木板、布告牌
v. 登上 on board 在船（车、飞机）
board a train 上火车
37. book c/n 书 v. 预定
（车、船）票 book a room/ ticket
38. ◎bored adj. be bored with...
/ to death. boring adj. a
boring job /book/man
39. ◎bother vt./vi. 1) 花
费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，
疑问句中）
① bother with/ about sth
---Shall I wait? ---No, don’t bother.
It’s not worth bothering with an
46

umbrella.
② bother to do He didn’t
even bother to let me know he was
coming.
③ bother doing Why
bother asking if you are not really
interested?
2) 给...造成麻烦，痛苦 使...烦恼，
担忧
① bother sb with/ about... I
don’t want to bother her with my
problems.
---I’m sorry he was rude to
you. --- It doesn’t bother me.
② bother sb. that... Does it
47

bother you that she earns more than
you?
③ bother sb. to do... It
bothers me to think of her alone at
home.
3) 打扰 插话 bother sb
Sorry to bother you, but...
be bothered about sb./ sth 认
为...重要 关心... I’m not bothered
about what he thinks.
n. 麻烦 困难（不可数）
---Thanks for your help. --- it was
no bother.
put sb. to bother get sb.
/oneself into bother给某人添麻烦
48

40. bottom at the bottom
of… from the bottom of
one’s heart
41. break—broke –broken
break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）
爆发
break down （车、机器等）坏
掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；
break in 打断；闯入
break up 破碎；（关系）破裂
break away from 摆脱、脱离
42. breath n. hold one’s breath
take a deep breath out of breath
breathe v.
43. bring bring up bring
49

down bring about bring in
44. broken adj. speak in broken
English a broken marriage
45. ◎budget n. within / over
budget 在预算内/超出预算 on
a (tight) budget 缺少钱 拮据
vt. ~ sth for ... 将...
编入预算 ~$$1,000,000 for
education spending
vi. ~ for 存钱 编预
算 ~ for a holiday abroad
46. build—built—built v. 建筑；建
造 build up 增进、增强
47.
burn—burned—burned/--burnt—bur
50