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词组翻译【阅读】高一英语时文悦读第四期(答案附后)

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-06 21:55
tags:高一英语, 英语, 高中教育

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2021年1月6日发(作者:姜学亮)
高一英语时文悦读第四期
A
When we see babies or pets, we can’t help gently touching them to show our
love. And they give us happy feelings back. But a recent study shows that it’s
different for plants.
A study, published in The Plant Journal, shows that plants don’t “like” to be
touched. That’s because touching changes their genes (基因) and, even worse, can
slow their growth.
Professor Jim Whelan of the La Trobe Institute in Australia gave an explanation.
“The lightest touch from a human, animal, insect, or even plants touching each other
in the wind, leads to a huge gene(基因) change in the plant,” Science Daily reported.
In order to test the theory, the scientists did an experiment on plants. They grew
a number of plants to the age of four weeks. Then they touched them with a
paintbrush every 12 hours over a 36-hour period.
They found that as a response to the touch, the mitochondria (线粒体) in the
plants had been partly destroyed. The mitochondria, as Science Alert noted, are the
“powerhouse of the cell (细胞)”. The mitochondria produce energy for the rest of the
cell in both animals and plants.
If this “powerhouse” is weakened, the plants will lose a large amount of energy
that should have supported their growth.
Whelan further explained to Science Daily, “If the touching is repeated, then
plant growth is reduced by up to 30 percent.”
Although the process does have a strong effect on plants, usually the plants
survive. Touching changes the plants, but it’s not necessarily a bad change.
According to Science Alert, frequent touching or moving plants will make them
grow shorter than other ones.
The researchers believe this change, in some way, could be helpful. It may help
plants fight threats to their health such as insects and bad weather.
The new research findings have led to a deeper understanding of the plants’
response to touching. And the research might “open up new ways to reduce
sensitivity (敏感性) and optimize (优化) growth in the future”, Science Alert
reported.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment?
A. To find out why some plants grow more slowly than others.
B. To test if touching can change the genes of plants.
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C. To show that plants’ and animals’ genes are different.
D. To explain why touching has different effects on plants and animals.
2. What did the scientists find in their experiment?
A. Repeated touching shortened the plants’ life by four weeks.
B. Mitochondria in the plants couldn’t produce energy because of touching.
C. Touching slowed down plant growth by reducing energy for growth.
D. Repeated touching made plants die sooner than they were expected to.
3. What do the scientists think when plants become shorter because of touching?
A. They may become better at fighting threats.
B. They may be more easily harmed by bad weather.
C. They may be more likely to be attacked by insects.
D. They may become less sensitive to touching later.
B
Recently, Whitewater Middle School
students in the US looked at 200 pounds
(90.7 kg) of food. Their classmates threw it
away after a meal in the cafeteria(自助餐
厅).
They found the remains of pizzas. They
saw untouched green salads and pieces of
bread bitten only once.
It was, they said, both disgusting(可憎
的) and educational.
“You don’t realize how much food waste you’re making till you see it,” said
student Cody Gist.
To deal with this problem, Whitewater added environmental science as a
school-wide program this year. Teachers are guiding their students through research
on the ways food is linked to environment, poverty, and people’s health.
The school changed to compostable (可用作堆肥的) paper trays (托盘) as well.
Working with Every Tray Counts, a US nonprofit (非营利的) group, the school hopes
for a change from disposable (一次性的) trays to compostable paper trays.
This isn’t just an exercise at school. Whitewater is joining a network of schools,
businesses and neighborhoods. They try to make composting as mainstream (主流) as
recycling.
“The larger issue is protection of landfill (垃圾填埋场) space,” said Laurette
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Hall, an environmental management official. The area has enough space to last for
maybe 25 more years, she said. That isn’t as much as it sounds in such a rapidly
growing area.
Principal Beth Thompson said students advise each other on new ways to deal
with trash(垃圾).
“Students understand why it matters so not one student refused to do extra work
when throwing away their waste,” Thompson said.
Whitewater teachers make sure students know how their own eating habits are
part of bigger problems. In environmental literature (文学) class, students read books
such as Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal.
Mollie Lyman works with several language arts classrooms. Their classes
discuss such issues as how poor neighborhoods often have less access (使用权) to
healthy food.
Lyman says she wants students to ask some basic questions: “What do we eat?
What do we waste?”
Choose the best answer:
4. Why did Whitewater Middle School students look at the food?
A. To check what foods were most popular among students.
B. To find out the calories(卡路里)of different kinds of food.
C. To see how food was connected with other problems.
D. To prepare students for the environmental science course.
5. What measures did Whitewater Middle School take?
①Introducing a new course about the environment.
②Using compostable paper trays in the cafeteria.
③Setting up a group called Every Tray Counts.
④Joining others to make composting common.
A. ①②③ B. ②③④
C. ①②④ D. ①③④
6. What did Laurette Hall worry about?
A. People don’t want to protect landfill space.
B. There won’t be enough landfill space in the future.
C. Students don’t know how to recycle trash.
D. Students don’t understand the waste problem.
7. What is the purpose of the article?
A. To tell readers how important it is to save food.
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B. To call on students to care about poor people.
C. To encourage schools to have environmental protection classes.
D. To share how a US school is making an effort for the environment.
C
Soccer players who change clubs must get used to new team cultures, languages
and lifestyles.
But it didn’t take long for Wu Lei to fit in when he moved from Shanghai SIPG
to Spanish club Espanyol at the end of January.
On March 2, when the 27-year-old Chinese striker (前锋) helped his team to a
3-1 win over Real Valladolid, Wu became the first player from an Asian country to
score a goal in Spain’s top league. And he also made the list of best line-up for La
Liga (西甲)’s round of 26.
“I’m so proud to be the first Chinese player to score in La Liga,” Wu told China
Daily. “I really want to thank my teammates for their support since the first day I
arrived.”
Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted
his move to the club and that “his quick adaptation (适应) to La Liga has surprised
many people”.
In fact, Wu has been surprising people since the beginning of his career. He was
a top student at primary school, and once won the title of merit student (三好学生) in
Nanjing. Out of his passion (热情) for soccer, he decided to join soccer manager Xu
Genbao’s soccer training center in Shanghai at the age of 12.
Although some teachers disagreed with his decision, Wu proved that he could
keep up his studies, as well as his playing. At 14, Wu became China’s youngest
professional league player. Last season, Wu won the Chinese Super League’s Top
Scorer and Player of the Year awards.
Now a Chinese international, Wu is working hard to show that “there are players
in China who can shine in the best leagues in the world”, he told Global Times.
And given that he’s already opened a new chapter (篇章) for Chinese soccer in
Europe, the chances are that Wu has even more surprises in store for us.
8. What happened to Wu Lei at the end of January?
A. He fell out with Shanghai SIPG.
B. He joined the Spanish club Espanyol.
C. He helped his team defeat Real Valladolid.
D. He scored a goal in one of the world’s top leagues.
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9. What was the Marca newspaper’s comment on Wu?
A. He lacked self-confidence.
B. He had learned a lot from his teammates.
C. He made a mistake when he changed clubs.
D. He surprised people with his ability to adapt.
10. What do we know about Wu when he was a student?
A. He often skipped class to play soccer.
B. He was better at sports than other subjects.
C. He did well in both soccer and his studies.
D. He fell behind in his studies because of playing soccer.
11. How does the author feel about Wu’s future career?
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Confident. D. Caring.
D
Are aliens(外星人) signaling to us?
A question that human beings often ask about the universe is: “Are we alone
here?”
For years, scientists have tried to answer this question. In January, the discovery
of new fast radio bursts (FRBs, 快速射电暴) from deep space got many to ask it
again.
According to Mirror, a Canadian-led team of scientists found 13 FRBs with the
help of a radio telescope(望远镜).
First discovered in 2007, FRBs are short bursts of radio waves coming from far
outside the Milky Way (银河). Scientists have found over 60 FRBs so far. They last
only a few milliseconds (毫秒) but release the same energy as the sun gives off in a
day, CNN reported.
Among the 13 FRBs, a very unusual repeating signal was found, which came six
times from the same location about 1.5 billion light-years away, CNN reported. Such
an event has only been reported once before, back in 2012. It may help scientists
understand where FRBs are from and what causes them.
More importantly, the new FRBs were recorded at unusually low radio
frequencies. Most of those previously(先前地) found have had frequencies (频率)
of around 1,400 megahertz (MHz), but new bursts are found at even 400 MHz -
the lowest frequency the telescope can discover.
According to the BBC, the low frequency means that the sources (来源) of the
bursts have changed. It also suggests humans can learn more about the environment
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