发行员2019年北京市中考英语试题(解析版)

2021年1月6日发(作者：元宣)

北京市
2019
年中考英语试卷
一、单项填空
从下面 各题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中， 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
. Wang is coming to our school. I can’t wait to see .
A. her
【答案】
B
【解析】

【详解】句意：王老师要来我们学校了，我 迫不及待要看到他。
her
她，人称代词宾格；
him
他，人称代词
宾格；
it
它；
them
他们，人称代词宾格。根据句意可知，这个空代指的 是
Mr. Wang
，是男性，故应选
B
。

planted some flowers the garden yesterday.
A. on
【答案】
C
【解析】

【详解】句意：昨天 我们在花园里种植了一些花。
on
在
…
上面；
to
到
…
；
in
在
…
里面；
of…
的。根据句意
和常识可知，花应该种在花园里，故应选
C
。

3.— Excuse me, .is this T-shirt?
— It’s 88 yuan.
A. how much
【答案】
A
【解析】

【详解 】句意：
-
打扰一下，这件
T
恤衫多少钱？
-88
元。how much
多少钱，提问价格；多少，提问数量，
修饰不可数名词；
how many
多少，提问数量，修饰可数名词；
how long
多长时间；
how old
多大，提问年龄。
根据下面的回答
It’s 88 yuan
可知，这里问的是
T
恤衫的价格，故应选
A
。

4.— Lily, _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes?
— Yes, I can.
A. must B. should C. need D. can
B. how many C. how long D. how old
B. to C. in D. of
B. him C. it D. them

【答案】
D
【解析】

【详解】句意：
-Li ly
，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？
-
是的，我能。
must
必须；
should
应该；
need
需
要；
can
能，可以。根据下面的回答
Yes, I can
可知，一般疑问句也应用
can
，故选
D
。

cap is nice, it doesn’t look good on me.
A. for
【答案】
C
【解析】

【详解】句意：这 个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。
for
为了，因为；
so
因此 ；
but
但是；
or
或者，否则。根据句意，空前
…is nice
，空后是
doesn’t look nice
，前后是转折的关系，故应选
C
。

takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.
A. patient
C. most patient
【答案】
B
【解析】

【详解】句意：
Julie
把家里的狗照顾得很好，她比她的弟弟更有耐心。
patient
耐心的，形容词；
more patient
更有耐心的；
most patient
最有耐心的；
the most patient
最有耐心的，最高级 。根据句意和空后的
than
可知，
这里应用形容词的比较级，故选
B
。

with his friends every weekend.
A. skates
【答案】
A
【解析】

【详解】句 意：
Sam
每个周末和他的朋友们去滑冰。
skates
滑冰，动词的第三人 称单数形式；
is skating
现在
进行时；
has skated
现在完成时；
was skating
过去进行时。根据句意和句中
every weekend
可知，这里 表达经
常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语
Sam
是第三人称单数，故应选
A
。

B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating
B. more patient
D. the most patient
B. so C. but D. or

8.— Tom, what’s your dad doing?
— He my bike.
A. repairs
【答案】
D
【解析】

【详解】 句意：
-Tom
，你的爸爸在做什么？
-
他正在修理我的自行车。
r epairs
修理，第三人称单数形式；
will
repair
一般将来时；
has repaired
现在完成时；
is repairing
现在进行时。根据问题
what’s your dad doing
使用的
是现在进行时，答语中也应用现在进行时，故应选
D
。

school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now,
A. changes
【答案】
D
【解析】

【详解】句意：自从
2017年我们的学校生活变化了很多，我们现在有更多的活动。
changes
改变，第三人称< br>单数形式；
changed
是过去式；
will change
一般将来时；
has changed
现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状
语
since 2017
可知，该句表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选
D
。

you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.
A. will book
【答案】
A
【解析】

【详解】句意：如果你想要参观故宫博物院，我明天将会给你订票。
will book
一般将来时；
booked
一般过
去时；
have booked
现在完成时；
was booking
过去进行时。句中
If< br>引导的是条件状语从句，从句中使用一般
现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故应选
A
。

advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.
A. accepts
【答案】
C
【解析】

B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted
B. booked C. have booked D. was booking
B. changed C. will change D. has changed
B. will repair C. has repaired D. is repairing

【详解】句意：我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。
accepts
接受，第三人称单数形式；
accepted
过去式；
was accepted
一般过去时的被动语态；
is accepted
一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，
该句的主语
My advi ce
与动词
accept
构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故先排除
A
和
B
；根据句中的时间状语
last Monday
可知，应用一般过去时，故选
C
。

12.— Did you notice . in her office?
— Yes. She was going over our writing.
A. what was Miss Lin doing
C. what does Miss Lin do
【答案】
B
【解析】

【详解】句意：
-
你注意 林小姐在干什么了吗？
-
是的，她正在检查我们的写作。
what was Miss Lin doing
林
小姐在干什么，疑问语序；
what Miss Lin was doing
陈述语序；
what does Miss Lin do
林小姐是干什么的；
what
Miss Lin does
陈述语序。 根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故先排除
A
和
C< br>。根据答语
She was going over our writing
可知，这 里问的是过去正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，故
选
B
。

B. what Miss Lin was doing
D. what Miss Lin does
二、完形填空
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选择最
佳选项。



Run for Class President
Two months ago, when our class election(
选举
) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking

in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was ___13___that people would feel bad for
me if I lost.
I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things I couldn’t ___14___
but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent
three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was
___15___prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.
However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (
反应
) wasn’t what I had ___16___. Few
people actually listened. When it was my opponent’s (
对手的
)turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech
was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.
It was obvious who would ___17___. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and
cry, but I made it through.
My ___18___ was right: I didn’t win.
The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (
假装
) not to hear. But later, things got
better. People ___19___about the election and talked to me just as they did before.
I don’t regret putting time and energy into the election because I’ve learned that things aren’t always going the
way I expect. And moments of failure like this build ___20___ —since then I’ve learned to face disappointment and
grown stronger.
13. A. bored
14. A. compare
15. A. fully
16. A. feared
17. A. insist
18. A. suggestion
19. A. forgot
20. A. trust
B. afraid
B. remember
B. quickly
B. faced
B. return
B. prediction
B. wrote
B. pride
C. excited
C. manage
C. freshly
C. mentioned
C. wait
C. direction
C. cared
C. character
D. hopeful
D. repeat
D. physically
D. pictured
D. win
D. introduction
D. discussed
D. support
【答案】
13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C
【解析】

【分析】

这篇短文中作者记叙了两个月前 他参加竞选班长的经历，他为了这个竞选做了充分的准备，以为胜券在握，

但事实并非如此， 他的竞争对手最后赢得了竞选。通过这件事作者学到了很多，他并不后悔为此付出的精
力和时间，经历失 败会让他变得更加坚强。
【
13
题详解】

bored
感 到无聊的；
afraid
害怕的；
excited
句意：但是我害怕如果我输 了，人们会为我难过。考查形容词辨析，
hopeful
有希望的。兴奋的；根据上句话
I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy
to win.
和句中
…that people would feel bad for me if I lost.
可知，作者自己感觉没什么，但是“害怕人们会为他
难过”，故应选B
。
【
14
题详解】

句意：我的计划不是承诺去做 我无法做到的事情，而是向全班展示我为什么想要成为班长。考查动词辨析，
compare
对 比；
remember
记得，记住；
manage
设法做到，管理；
repeat
重复。根据句意
My plan wasn’t to make
promises to do things…
可知，作者不承诺去做自己做不到的事情，故应选
C
。
15
题详解】

句意：既然我做了充分的准备，我感觉我获胜的机会非常大。 考查副词辨析，
fully
充分地；
quickly
快速地；
fre shly
新近，气味清新地；
physically
身体上地。根据上文
I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom.
I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem
可知，作者为竞选做了充分的准备。故应选
A
。
【
16
题详解】

【
的
的。故应选
D
。
【
17
题详解】

故应选
D
。
【
18
题详解】

对的”，选
B
。
句意 ：然而，当我在选举日那天做演讲时候，得到的回应与我想象的不同。考查动词辨析，
feared畏惧，
害怕；
faced
面对；
mentioned
提到，提及 ；
pictured
想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同
句意：谁会 赢是很明显的。考查动词辨析，
insist
坚持；
return
归还，回来 ；
wait
等待；
win
赢。根据文意和
下文
My ___6___ was right: I didn’t win.
可知，作者在参加一个班长的竞 选，因此这里应表示“赢得竞选”，
suggestion
建议；
predictio n
预测；
direction
方向；
introduction
句意 ：我的预测是对的：我没有赢。考查名词辨析，
介绍。根据上文
It was obvious who would ___5___. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just
go home and cry, but I made it through.
可知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是

【
19
题详解】

句意：人们忘记了选举的事，像以前一样和我说话 。考查动词辨析，
forgot
忘记；
wrote
写；
cared< br>关心，在
乎；
discussed
讨论。根据语境
But later, things got better. …and talked to me just as they did before.
可知，后来
人们就慢慢忘记了竞选的事，又和以前一 样了。故应选
A
。
【
20
题详解】

trust
句意：像这样的失败的时刻会塑造性格—从那以后，我学会了面对失望，变得更加坚强。考查名词辨析。
相信，信任；
pride
骄傲；
character
性格；
support
支持。根据空后
since then I’ve learned to face disappointment
and grown stronger.
可知， 经历失败，作者变得更加坚强，所以失败的经历能塑造性格。故应选
C
。
【点睛】这 是一篇记叙文，短文作者记叙了自己参加竞选班长的经历，短文按照时间顺序记叙，叙述清晰、
完整，最 后点明了自己从这次经历中学到的东西。内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是完
形填空， 考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然
后根据上 下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中每个单词的意思和用法；
最后将答 案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第
4
小题，考查动词辨析，
fear ed
畏惧，害怕；
faced
面对；
mentioned
提到，提及 ；
pictured
想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故
应选
D
。这个题目学生们要特别注意
picture
这个词作动词的意思，因为学 生们对这个词主要记住的是名词
的意思。再如第
6
小题，考查名词辨析，
su ggestion
建议；
prediction
预测；
direction< br>方向；
introduction
介绍。
根据上文
It was obvious who would ___5___. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home
and cry, but I made it through.
可知，作者已 经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是对的”，
选
B
。

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的
A
、
B
、< br>C
、
D
四个选项中，选择最
佳选项。
A
Experiencing China
Mike, Canada
I spent three months with my host family(
接待家庭
) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experience
Chinese living and culture
from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have a

better understanding of Chinese culture.

Joanna, Australia
I stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted.
With her help
my Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharing
my feelings in China with her.

Bill, America
My host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I like
them very much. Just like me
my host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.

Cindy, Germany
Recently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister
is a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship has
developed between us.


21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?
A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.
22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?
A. Three months.
C. Five months.
23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .
A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctor
B. Four months.
D. Six months.

C. a warm-hearted teacher
【答案】
21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】

D. a hardworking student
随着中国在世界上影响力的提高，越来越多的外国学生来到中国学习。短文中的这几名 学生就来自不同的
国家，但他们都有在中国学习的经历。在文中他们讲述了自己对这次经历的感受。
【
21
题详解】

细节理解题。由题干中
a traditional Chinese medicine hospital
可定位至短文第一段中
I even visited a famous
traditional Chinese medicine hospital.
这句话，再找到文章的开头
Mike Canada
可知，
Mike
参观了著名了中医
医院。故应选
A
。
【
22
题详解】

细节理解题。根据题干中的人名
Joan na
可定位到短文第二段，根据第一句话
I stayed with my host family for
five months.
可知，她和她的寄宿家庭一起待了五个月。故应选
C
。
【
23
题详解】

细节理解题。根据题干中的人名
Cindy
可定位到短文第四段，根据
I lived with a host family in China for six
months. My host sister is a really hardworking student.
可知，
Cindy
觉得寄宿姐姐是一个非常用功的学生。由此
可知应选
D
。

B

Sally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go- Go
Race. So she asked her dad for help.
“Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”
A week later Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning”. Dad
looked over her work, thinking. “Well, that’s interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as you’ve
,

Blue Lightning

designed.”
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue.
Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test
drive.”
“Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.”
“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think it’s because of the lightning bolt (
闪电
)
shape.”
“Very good!” Dad said.
“So, why didn’t you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.
Dad laughed. “Where’s the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, he’ll eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish,
he’ll eat for a lifetime.”
Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !”
Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by
doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”
That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with
pride.
Finally came the race. Sally wasn’t worried about whether she would win—in her mind, she had already won, by
building something better than ever before.
24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .
A. practice driving
C. play with friends
B. enter for a race
D. do some research
25. What did Sally’s dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?
A. To have a test drive.
C. To give it a cool name.
26. Sally’s story mainly tells us that .
A. winning a race is important
B. fishing brings us a lot of fun
C. driving experience is necessary
B. To take a good rest.
D. To paint it light blue.

D. learning happens during the process
【答案】
24. B 25. A 26. D
【解析】

【分析】

Sally
非常喜欢汽 车，她想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛，并向爸爸求助。经过三个周末的努力，
Sally
的卡丁车做好了，爸爸让她先去试一试。经过试驾，
Sally
发现卡丁车还存在一些问题，她 问爸爸为什么之
前不告诉她，爸爸说有时候我们就是通过犯错来学习的。
【
24
题详解】

细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话
This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race.
可知，
Sally
想要自己制作一辆卡丁车去参加比赛。由此可知应选
B。
【
25
题详解】

细节理解题。根据短文第四段
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working
go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
可知，
Sally
把卡丁车做好后，
给爸爸看，爸爸让她先去试驾一下。由此可知应选
A
。
【
26
题详解】

推理判断题。根据文意和短文倒数第三段的内容
Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the
process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”
可知，
短文通过讲述
Sally
制作卡丁车 参加比赛的过程，告诉我们，有时候学习就是在过程中发生的。故
D
选项最
符合文意。
【点睛】这篇短文通过讲述
Sally
制作卡丁车参加比赛的过程，告诉我们在做事情 的过程中学习把事情做好
这个道理。文章篇幅较长，但句式结构简单，叙述清晰，内容也比较贴近日常生 活，比较容易理解。阅读
理解是中考英语的经典题型，主要考查以下几个方面的能力：
1. < br>掌握文章的主旨大意；
2.
理解文章事实和细
节；
3.
根据上 下文猜测生词词义；
4.
理解文章上下文逻辑关系，做合理的推测和判断；
5.
领会作者的写作目
的、观点和态度。题型设置常有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意 题。做题时，先通读
短文，了解文章大意；然后根据题目所问，锁定文章相关段落或语句，或利用文章信 息进行推测和判断。
细节题相对较简单，可以根据题干所问，锁定文章相关信息作答。如第
2< br>小题，根据题干所问锁定文章第
四段，根据
Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light
blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.
可知选
A
。