card是什么意思高考浙江卷英语真题及答案解析

2021年1月7日发(作者：成德)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）
英
第二部分阅读理解（共两节， 满分
语
35分）
25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题分，满分
阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的
项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels
published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century
—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719
but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam- powered
printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy
rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction
the names of the authors, often with something like
（识字）
appeared without
“By a lady.”
—
Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or
just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first
professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led
an explosion in both the publication
and whose characters
of novels and their readership
— were held — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim
up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.
Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature
make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers
attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of
time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were
would
Mona Lisa
.
published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual
reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true
that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences
from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave
’s also that of social, political and scientific progress. But it
he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.
ambition, energy and luck No one will ever know what mix of talent,
made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversary
of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our
own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
21. Which of the following
century?
A. They were difficult to understand.
B. They were popular among the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly worthless.
D. They were written mostly by women.
22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to
stress________.
best describes British novels in the 18
th
A. his reputation in France
B. his interest in modern art
C. his success in publication
D. his importance in literature
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To remember a great writer.
B. To introduce an English novel.
C. To encourage studies on culture.
D. To promote values of the Victorian age.
B
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit
makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist
who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off
garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more
interesting is that one of?Stein's jobs is defending an industry
behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every
year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing
number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台) . The bags
are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los
Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring
scientists like?Stein?to?make the case that their products are not
as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still
shoppers?to?purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but
require more energy?to?produce and transport. And while plastic
bags may be ugly?to?look at, they represent a small percentage of
all?garbage?
allow
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared
as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable
bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels
out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more
energy?to?make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at
least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don't dispute（质疑） these points. They hope
paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers?to?use the
same reusable bags for years.
24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A. Help increase grocery sales.
B. Recycle the waste material.
C. Stop things falling off trucks.
D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.
25. What does the word
A. Bans on plastic bags.
B. Effects of city development.
C. Headaches caused by garbage.
“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?
D. Plastic bags hung in trees.
26. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag
makers?
A. They are quite expensive.
B. Replacing them can be difficult.
C. They are less strong than plastic bags.
D. Producing them requires more energy.
27. What is the best title for the text?
A. Plastic, Paper or Neither
B. Industry, Pollution and Environment
C. Recycle or Throw Away
D. Garbage Collection and Waste Control
C
As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model
T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago,
with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September
27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But
eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car
shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the
roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For
most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be
American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road
novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas,
born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate
highway system, the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in
every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has
moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America
from a farm-based society into an industrial The cars that drove
the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological
disaster.
1990.
The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption, climate
In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since
change and population growth have been described in a book by the
American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes
for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy
to keep American strength. “The ability
（经济）is a chance
to design, build and export
green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy
and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new
century.”
28. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?
A. To explain Americans’ love for travelling by car.
B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D. To praise the effectiveness of America
29. What has the use of cars in America led to?
A. Decline of economy.
problems.
C. A shortage of oil supply.
society.
30. What is Friedman
A. Ambiguous.
D. Tolerant.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
’s attitude towards America
B. Doubtful.
’s road system.
B. Environmental
D. A farm-based
’s future?
C. Hopeful.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填 入空白处的最佳选项。选
项中有两项为多余选项。
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting
experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an
acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest
way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a
good neighbor should. ___31_____
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good
neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good
repair. _____32_ __ By choosing to keep the outside of the home
in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the
area.