salay【解析版】2018年高考浙江卷英语试题

2021年1月7日发(作者：丁仰炎)
绝密★启用前
2018年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）
英 语
选择题部分
第一部分

听力
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录 音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷
上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节
听下 面
5
段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中< br>选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有
10
秒钟的时
间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will James do tomorrow?
A. Watch a TV program.
B. Give a talk.
C. Write a report.
【答案】
B
【解析】
Text 1
W: James, you've been watching TV for the whole evening. What's on?
M: It's a science program on the origin of the universe. I'll give a presentation on it in my class
tomorrow.
2. What can we say about the woman?
A. She’s generous.
B. She’s curious.
C. She’s helpful.
【答案】
C
【解析】
Text 2
M: Hello, do you have
W: Um, sorry, we've just sold out. But we can order one for you. If you give us your number, we'll
call you when the CD arrives.
3. When does the train leave?
A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.
【答案】
C
【解析】
Text 3
W: We'd better be going now, or we'll be late for the train.
M: No rush. It's 8:30 now. We still have two hours.
4. How does the woman go to work?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike.
【答案】
B
【解析】
Text 4
M: I am so tired of driving all those hours to work.
W: Yeah. I know what you mean. I used to drive two hours to work each way. But now, I live within
walking distance of my office. I don't even need a bike.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Doctor and patient.
【答案】
A
【解析】
Text 5
W: Hi, Andy. I didn't see you in Professor Smith's class yesterday. What happened?
M: Well, I had a headache. So, I called him and asked for sick leave.
第二节
听 下面
5
段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项
中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
每小题
5
秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出
5
秒钟的作答时间。每段对话 或独白读两遍。
听第
6
段材料，完成下面小题。

6. What does the woman regret?
A. Giving up her research.
B. Dropping out of college.
C. Changing her major.
7. What is the woman interested in studying now?
A. Ecology.
B. Education.
C. Chemistry.
【答案】
6. B 7. A
【解析】
Text 6
W: The biggest mistake I made, uh...was leaving college in my last year and not completing my
education. So, I', thinking of going back to school.
M: School? To study what?
W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.
M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?
M: No, I majored in chemistry then.
6.
本题为听力题，解析略。
7.
本题为听力题，解析略。
听第
7
段材料，完成下面小题
。
8.
What is the man?
A.
A hotel manager.
B.
A tour guide
C.
A taxi driver.
9.
What is the man doing for the woman?
A.
Looking for some local foods.
B.
Showing her around the seaside.
C.
Offering information about a hotel.
【答案】
8. B 9. C
【解析】
Text 7
M: Good morning, madam. I am your guide for this trip.
W: How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I'm going to stay at?
M: Yes, of course. The Grand Hotel opened in 1990. And it sits on the seaside along the South Coast
Highway. It is the most beautiful hotel here.
W: That sounds great.
M: And there are some restaurants outside. So, at dinnertime, you'd have a lot fo choices.
W: That's really nice. I like to have some local foods while traveling. What about the scenery around
it?
M: The hotel has the best views of the Pacific Ocean.
W: Oh, I think I will love this hotel.
8.
此为听力题，解析略
9.
此为听力题，解析略
听第
8
段材料，完成下面小题
。
10.
Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.
In an office.
B.
At home.
C.
At a restaurant.
11.
What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?
A.
Go to a concert.
B.
Visit a friend.
C.
Work extra hours.
12.
Who is Alice going to call?
A.
Mike.
B.
Joan.
C.
Catherine.
【答案】
10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
Text 8
W: Hi, Mike.
M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here.
W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today.
M: The environment here is good -- clean and relatively quiet.
W: yeah, and I heard the food is tasty. By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?
M: Yes, are you?
W: Yeah. Catherine was supposed to go with me. But she may have to work extra hours tomorrow.
Do you know anyone who might like to go?
M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go.
W: Oh, yes. She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.
10.
此为听力题，解析略
11.
此为听力题，解析略
12.
此为听力题，解析略
听第
9
段材料，完成下面小题
。
13.
Why does the woman meet the man?
A.
To look at an apartment.
B.
To deliver some furniture.
C.
To have a meal together.
14.
What does the woman like about the carpet?
A.
Its color.
B.
Its design.
C.
Its quality.
15.
What does the man say about the kitchen?
A.
It’s a good size.
B.
It’s newly painted.
C.
It’s adequately equipped.
16.
What will the woman most probably do next?
A.
Go downtown.
B.
Talk with her friend.
C.
Make payment.
【答案】
13. A 14. A 15. C 16. B
【解析】
Text 9
W: Hi, I've only just arrived.
M: Oh, good. Now, here are the keys. Let's go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on
the right. Do come in.
W: Thank you. I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn't it?
M: Yes, and this apartment is in good condition. Here is your lounge.
W: Where would we eat?
M: There is this corner here, or you can use your kitchen. Come and see.
W: The kitchen is quite small.
M: Yes, but it has everything -- cooker, fridge, even a dishwasher.
W: And there are lots of cupboards.
M: Let me show you the bedrooms. This is the smaller one.
W: It's a good size, though.
M: Now come into the other bedroom. You can see the bathroom, too.
W: Yes. It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. I
understand it is $$800 a month.
M: Yes, but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive.
W: Well, thank you. I will be in touch.
13.
此为听力题，解析略
14.
此为听力题，解析略
15.
此为听力题，解析略
16.
此为听力题，解析略
听第
10
段材料，完成下面小题
。
17.
Who is the speaker probably talking to?
A.
Movie fans.
B.
News reporters.
C.
College students.
18.
When did the speaker take English classes?
A.
Before he left his hometown,
B.
After he came to America.
C.
When he was 15 years old.
19.
How does the speaker mainly talk about?
A.
He’s proud.
B.
He’s sympathetic.
C.
He’s grateful.
20.
What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A.
How education shaped his life.
B.
How his language skills improved.
C.
How he managed his business well.
【答案】
17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
Text 10

17.
此为听力题，解析略
18.
此为听力题，解析略
19.
此为听力题，解析略
20.
此为听力题，解析略
第二部分

阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A、B、C
和
D
四个 选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People
had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in
1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam- powered printing press was still in its
early stages; the literacy
（识字）
rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared
without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part,
were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and
publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their
readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral
touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon
（名人堂）
of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.
How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a
numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were
published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name
a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks
of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s
also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know
what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the
200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to
understand how he made himself a lasting one.
th
21.
Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18 century?
A.
They were difficult to understand.
B.
They were popular among the rich.
C.
They were seen as nearly worthless.
D.
They were written mostly by women.
22.
Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.
A.
his reputation in France
B.
his interest in modern art
C.
his success in publication
D.
his importance in literature
23.
What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A.
To remember a great writer.
B.
To introduce an English novel.
C.
To encourage studies on culture.
D.
To promote values of the Victorian age.
【答案】
21. C 22. D 23. A
【解析】本文写于
Charles Dickens
诞辰
200
周年前夕，介绍了
Charles Dickens
在英国小说方
面的重要贡献和深远影响。
21.
细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写
nobody wanted to do it professionally. The
steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（
识字
）rate in England was
under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors... Novels, for the most
part, were looked upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.
可知，印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，
作品上没有作者名字， 小说被认为是愚蠢的、不正常的，或者毫无价值可言。故选
C。
22.
推理判断题。根据第二段
Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.
和列举的
Charles Dickens
小
说的影响可知，把他和
Mona Lisa
相比是为了说明
Charles Dickens
在英国小说方面的重要性
和
Mona Lisa
在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选
D。
23.
写作意图题。根据文中对
Charles Dickens
及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文
章最后
But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our
own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.
可知，本文是写于
Charles Dickens
诞辰< br>200
周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选
A。
点睛：推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的
意思和深层的 意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知
的信息，推断出作者没有直 接表达的态度和观点。
本文推理判断题的考法：
1.
推测文章的观点或结论。小 题
1
要求判断
18
世纪英国小说的现状，根据第一段对当时情
况的描 写
nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its
early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%.Novels, were looked upon as silly, immoral,
or just plain bad.
可知，当时印刷技术落后，人们识 字率低，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，
毫无价值可言。
2.
推测作者写作目的或 意图。小题
3
判断本文的写作目的，根据文中对
Charles Dickens
及
其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后
But as the 200th anniversary of his birth
approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made
himself a lasting one.
可知，本文是写于
Charles Dickens
诞辰< br>200
周年前夕，由此推断作者写
本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。
B
Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider
that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off
garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs
is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.
Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree
branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(
收银
台
). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these
headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are
not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper
bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic
bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable
shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it
cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study
found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.
Environmentalists don't dispute
(质疑)
these points. They hope paper bags will be banned
someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.
24.
What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
A.
Help increase grocery sales.
B.
Recycle the waste material.
C.
Stop things falling off trucks.
D.
Argue for the use of plastic bags.
25.
What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.
Bans on plastic bags.
B.
Effects of city development.
C.
Headaches caused by garbage.
D.
Plastic bags hung in trees.
26.
What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
A.
They are quite expensive.
B.
Replacing them can be difficult.
C.
They are less strong than plastic bags.
D.
Producing them requires more energy.
27.
What is the best title for the text?
A.
Plastic, Paper or Neither
B.
Industry, Pollution and Environment
C.
Recycle or Throw Away
D.
Garbage Collection and Waste Control
【答案】
24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A
【 解析】文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料袋会造成环境问题
，
纸袋尽管容易回收，
但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。
24.
细节理解题。根据第一段
one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic
shopping bags.
和第二段
plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that
their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.
可知，塑料袋生产商雇用
Steven
Stein
是为了证 明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害，是对塑料袋被禁用的
解释和争论。故选
D 。
25.
词义猜测题。上文介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到这种现状，塑料袋生 产商
雇用
Steven Stein
等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想 象的那样对地球有害。
headwinds
意为“逆风”，此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状，即Bans on plastic bags
，故选
A。
26.
细节理解题。根据第四段
However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to
mak e.
可知，塑料袋生产商认为生产耐用且能重复使用的袋子需要更多的能源，故选
D。
27.
标题归纳题。文章讲述了使用塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需
要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对
比，
Plastic, Paper or Neither
既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，最适合作为标题。故选
A。
点睛：概 括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通
过关键词句来概括(
如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，要看懂全文的主要内容，明
白了主要内容就能 准确概括文章标题)。小题
4
要求概括标题，本文讲述了使用塑料袋造成
的环境问题， 纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，希望消费者使用耐用可重复使