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航空公司英文2017-2018上海建平中学高三周考卷--解析版

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2021-01-07 05:41
tags:高三英语, 英语, 高中教育

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2021年1月7日发(作者:侯永)
2017年建平中学高三11月14日周考卷
r and vocabulary(20)
Section A(10)
Directions :After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;
for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
At least 10 terrorists were killed and nine policeman 21 (wound) on Sunday during a security
raid in Giza province near the capital Cairo, the Egyptian Interior Ministry said in a statement.
The terrorists were extremist elements 22 (escape) from North Sinai province and hiding in two
apartments in Giza’s Ard al-Liwaa district in preparation for carrying out a number of terror operations, said the
police statement.
“Fire exchange with eight militants in the first apartment led to killing of them and shootout in the 23
apartment killed two,” said the statement , noting that the gunfire was started by the militants and it continued for
four hours.
“One of them threw an explosive device at the forces but it blew him off,” it added.
The police said that the confrontations wounded nine policeman 24 four machine guns and
ammunition were seized during the raid.
Since March, similar security campaigns killed about 50 militants in the provinces of Cairo, Giza, Alexandria,
Beheira, Fayoum, Qalioubiya,Minufiya, Ismailia and others.
Egypt has been fighting against a wave of terror activities 25 killed hundreds of policemen and
soldiers since the military toppled former Islamist president Mohamed Morsi in July 2013 in response to mass
protests 26 his one-year rule and his currently outlawed Muslim Brotherhood group.
Terror attacks in Egypt 27 27 focus on police and military men in North. Sinai before
spreading nationwide and targeting the Coptic minority as well,with most of them 28
(claim) by a Sinai-based group loyal to the regional Islamic State militant group.
Another militant group 29 (refer) to itself as Hasm, which appeared late last year and is regarded
by the police as an affiliate with the Brotherhood, claimed responsibility for a number of terrorist attacks that
killed several policemen in the country.
Meanwhile, the Egyptian military and police have killed hundreds of militants and arrested a similar number
of suspects as part of the country’s anti-terror war 30 (declare) by President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi, the
army chief then, following Morsi’s removal.
答案: wounded ng t to d ed
ed
解析:
21. 考查 动词。实词题,提示词是动词,所以我们需要先确定空里面是谓语还是非谓语。“and”连接两个
并列 句,这里和“were killed”并列,因此这里也需要一个谓语。然后再确定主动被动,警察是被恐怖分子击伤因此用被动“were wounded”。
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22.考查动词。考点与 上一题一样,也是考查动词。空前的句子里已经有谓语动词“were”了,因此这里需
要一个非谓语。 空在句子中充当的是定语,逻辑主语是前面的“terrorists”,恐怖分子逃跑是主动,因
此这 里填现在分词。
23.考查代词。首先空后面的“apartment”是名词,那么空里需要一个定 语,因此词性可能是代词,形容词
或者名词。在语法填空的虚词题中名词和形容词都不是可填的词性。因 此这里应该填的是代词,充当定
语。再根据前文“Fire exchange with eight militants in the first apartment led to killing of them”,在第一个
公寓中同8个激进分子的交火中击毙了他们。根据上下文的意思以及空所填词的词 性可推测,另外两名
激进分子是在另一栋公寓中被击毙的,因此这里应该填代词“other”。 24.考查连词。空的前后都有谓语动词,因此空连接的是两个句子,那么这里应该填连词。首先空后的句子
并不缺少句子成分,因此这里应该填的是连接副词空前讲的是警方宣称在对抗中有9名警察受伤。空后< br>讲的是警方在突袭中缴获了4把机枪以及弹药。分别讲的是警方的损失和收获。警方虽然有所收获但是也付出了一定的代价,因此用“while”表虽然。
25.考查连词。连接空前后两个句子。从 句缺少主语,因此应该填连接代词。这里是一个定语从句,先行词
是前面的“terror activities”,是物,因此连接词应该用“that”或者“which”。
26.考查介 词。空后面跟的是短语而不是句子,因此这里排除连词,再者冠词,情态动词都不符合要求。因
此只能填 介词“protest against”表示反抗,反对。
27.考查情态动词。空后跟的是动词原 型,并且这里是一个简单句,不是主从复合句。在语法填空的虚词题
中只有情态动词能够在后面跟动词原 型。因此这里我们需要一个情态动词。再根据句意之前恐怖袭击只
发生在北部的警察和官员身上,现在则 是席卷全国并且目标也发生了变化。因此这里用“used to”表示
曾经。
28.考查动 词。动词在语法填空题中首先确认是充当谓语动词还是非谓语。with介词后面不能跟随句子,因
此后 面应该是短语,所以这里填的是非谓语。逻辑主语是前面的“恐怖袭击”,与提示词之间是被动的
关系, 因此这里填过去分词。
29.考查动词。同样的还是先确定是谓语还是非谓语。这里是which引导 的非限制性定语从句,主句缺少谓
语,这里填谓语。然后需要考虑的是谓语的时态与语态。根据上下文这 里应该填一般过去式,不需要被
动因此答案是“referred”。
30.考查动词。同样 的还是确定谓语和非谓语。空在句子中充当的是后置定语修饰前面的名词。再根据后面
的提示词“by” 以及句意。可推测出这里提示词与逻辑主语是被动的关系。因此填过去分词。
Section B
A. Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. injuries B. normally C. regulation D. interfering

E. assigned F. control G. cost H. charged

I. accused J. responsible K. apparently
2


THE TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITIES in Nanjing, East China’s Jiangsu province, are reportedly
considering a 31 to cap the number of order for takeout deliverymen, many of whom have been 32 of
violating traffic rules on a daily basis. Beijing News commented on Saturday:
At least 242 traffic accidents in the city in the first half of this year involved takeout deliverymen, resulting in
33 to about 170, prompting the local transportation authorities to tighten their 34 of such takeout deliveries.
So the Nanjing authorities have good reason to intervene, but placing a cap on the number of takeout orders
35 to deliverymen is a questionable move. Deliverymen hired by most platforms are allowed to go for any
order up for grabs even when they do not have enough time to finish the delivery.
Many reckless riders tend to disregard the traffic rules because failing to deliver an order within a given time
- 36 around 20 minutes - can cost them one-third of the money they make. Such a rigid assessment
mechanism 37 does not take into account any unavoidable delays.
There is no doubt that timely deliveries must not come at the 38 of traffic order or the well-being of
deliverymen. Food delivery service platforms need to provide proper training for their delivery staff to ensure they
ride safely, as well as give them reasonable incentives and penalties. The local traffic enforcers can help food
delivery companies to better manage their staff without 39 with their daily operations.
In other words, limiting the number of takeout orders may overstep administrative boundaries. There are
viable alternatives that are worth emulating, such as a code of conduct for deliverymen, along with a new
management system that makes deliverymen 40 for their vehicles, most of which are currently registered
under the name of their employers. A credit deduction policy that links the driving records of deliverymen with
their pay might be another.
答案:31-35:CIAFE 36-40:BKGDJ
解析:
31.此处考虑用一个名词,只能从ACFG中选择。根据句子的主语THE TRANSPORTATION
AUTHORITIES是一个交通政府部门,所以他们考虑的应该是一个规章制度,因为选C。
32.空后面是一个介词of,而我们应该想到一个固定搭配:accuse sb of doing sth.(因某事而指责某人) 此
处的主语为人,那应该为sb be accused of doing sth. 翻译为:他们中的一些人因为违反了交通规则而被指
责.
in后面可以跟doing/sth. 可以从AFGD中寻找,根据主句所表的意思其中242起交通事故中< br>有一个是与外卖派送员相关的,因此此处可以想到与伤害有关系的单词,此处应该为injuries.
34根据句子成分分析,此处为名词。主语为交通政府部分应该对这种外卖送货的控制,因为前面已经< br>提到了发生了很多起交通事故.管理和控制势在必行。
35.根据句子结构分析,此处应该是修饰takeout orders的,对于一个什么样外卖定单 的数量做一个控
制的上限呢,后面又与外派员有关系的,由此可以想到assigned to sb. 过去分词做takeout orders的后置定
语。
36.此空应该考虑填一个副词。有一个破折号是对a given time的解释和说明。副词可以考虑CK,通过
代入,只有B可以说得通,通常为20为钟左右。
37.根据句子成分分析,此处应该为副词。因为只有2个副词, normally已用,所以此处只 能填apparently,
此句意思为:这种非常严格的评判机制明显地没有考虑到一些不可必免的拖 延。
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38.此处应该填一个名词,根据句意:及时的派送制度肯定没有考虑到交通秩序 的代价和派送员的安全
幸福。因为后面提到Food delivery service platforms need to provide proper training for their delivery staff to
ensure they ride safely. 可以得知确保他们的安全是很重要的。
39.介词后面要跟doing或者n. 因 为根据句意理解本地的管理者应该去帮助这些外卖公司更好的管理
他们的员工,而不是去干涉他们每日的 正常工作运转。文中的help很重要,与without interfering正好互应。
40.空后面有一个介词for, 很重要.根据固定搭配be responsible for为… 负责。再根据句意,伴随着一个
新的使外派员可以为自己的车辆负责的系统,由此可以推断选J.

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In any planning system, from the simplest budgeting to the most complex corporate planning,
there is an annual process. This is partly due to the fact that firms _ 41__ their accounting on a
yearly basis, but also because similar _ 42__ often occur in the market.
Usually, the larger the firm, the longer the planning takes. But 43 , planning for next year may start
nine months or more in advance, with various stages of evaluation leading to 44 of the complete plan three
months before the start of the year.
Planning continues, however, throughout the year, since managers 45 progress against
targets, while looking forward to the next year. What is happening now will 46 the objectives and plans for
the future.
In today's business climate, as markets constantly change and become more difficult to 47 , some
analysts believe that long-term planning is 48 . In some markets they may be right, as long as companies can
build the sort of flexibility into their operations which allows them to 49 to any sudden changes.
Most firms, however, need to plan more than one year ahead in order to 50 .their long-term goals. This
may reflect the time it takes to commission and build a new production plant, or, in marketing 51 , it may be
a question of how long it takes to research and launch a range of new products, and reach a certain 52 in the
market. If, for example, it is going to take five
years for a particular airline to become the 53 choice amongst business travelers on certain
routes, the airline must plan for the various 54 involved.
Every one-year plan, therefore, must be 55 in relation to longer-term plans,and it should
contain die stages that are necessary to achieve the final goals.
41. A make up B carry out C bring about D put down
42. A patterns B guides C designs D distributions
43. A surprisingly B contrarily C equally D typically
44. A approval B permission C admiration D objection
45. A value B confirm C review D survey
46. A restore B promote C influence D maintain
47. A guess B advocate C recognize D predict
48. A pointless B meaningful C realistic D inevitable
49. A lead B respond C refer D contribute
50. A share B handle C develop D benefit
51. A expressions B descriptions C words D terms
52. A reputation B position C situation D direction
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53. A reserved
54. A acts
55. A handed over
B selected
B steps
B left behind
C preferred
C means
C made out
D supposed
D points
D drawn up
【答案】 41-55 BADAC CDABC DBCBD
【解析】:
41. 考察词组,carry out实施,符合原文公司每年进行财务统计工作。A为编造、化妆、组成,
C产生, D 放下,降低。
42. 考察名词,结合上下文意,公司每年进行财务统计应该是一种“模式”。
43. 考察副词,上文描述公司越大所需要花费的计划时间越长,虽然下句有but转折,但下文描述的公司提前做计划和之前的时长不构成对比或转折或出乎意料的关系,因此排除B,C,A,
所 以选D,典型的。
44. 考察名词,由evaluation可知其结果应该是为了获得来年计划的approval同意,支持。
45. 考察动词,计划会持续一整年因为管理人员会不断去“检阅”review进步是否达标。其他
语义都不对。
46. 考察动词,根据语义,当前的情况会影响来年的目标和计划。
47. 考察动词,由constantly change可知,市场是难以预知的。
48. 考察名词,上句解释原因,因为市场太难预知,所以有些分析人士认为提前做计划是没有
意义的。
49. 考察词组,应对改变,用respond to。
50. 考察动词,搭配的宾语是 目标,有些公司需要提前一两年去培养他的目标。上下文都在介
绍计划,因此排除其他选项。
51. 考察名词,term此处解释为术语,即本句“用市场的话说”。
52. 考察名词,进行研究,发布产品,那么并列的自然是在市场中占据一定“位置”。
53. 考察名词,搭配choice选择,联系语义,航空公司想要成为商业旅行者所“偏好的选择”。
54. 考察名词,联系上文中的various stages可知,词组策划需要许多“步骤”。
55. 考察词组,hand over移交,leave behind留下,make out制订,draw up靠近,接近。每年计
划要和长期计划相接近,因此选D。


Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society
has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in
their place loose relationships with passing acquaintances(相识之人). However, in recent years a growing body of
research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a
smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most
part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your
neighbors you will know no one else.
Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the
number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town
residents are more involved with relatives than are big-city residents are. Yet city residents make up for it by
developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different
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style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities
more likely to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are
residents of smaller communities are. However, city residents do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a
distrust of strangers.
These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one
another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for
young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size
and its social heterogeneity(多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a
community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city residents are also more
likely than their small-town residents to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility
to traditional family roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be willing to accept nontraditional
religious groups, unpopular political groups. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to
be outcomes of large population size.
56. According to the paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________ .
A) tended to acquaint themselves with people passing by
B) could not develop very close relationships with others
C) bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relatives
D) usually had more friends than small-town residents
57. One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents __________ .
A. suffer from the lack of friendship B. lower the quality of relationships
C. show little concern for other people D. become suspicious of each other
can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is,__________
A) the more open-minded people are B. the more similar its interests is
C) the more likely it it to display stress D) the better the quality of life is
59. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small towns
B. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and towns
C The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society.
D The strong feeling of alienation that city residents are suffering.
答案:BCAB
解析:
56.B 细节题。题干要求我们确认的是曾经人们的普遍认知是什么“it was once a common belief
that。。。”,文章的第一段先讲了人们之前的认知,再又这个内容引出近期许多研 究得出的结论却
不是这样,因此这里需要的是第一段的前半部分。“Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both
to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened
their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in their place loose relationships with passing
acquaintances (相识之人).”,由此可知,在很多年以前,人们的印象是城市里的人人家关系比较简单,
不怎么跟外 界交流。所以答案是B。
57. C 推断题。题干中的关键词是“urbanism”,问的是下面 四个哪个是城市化的影响。首先A选
项,从第二段的“Yet city residents make up for it by developing friendships with people who share similar
interests and activities. ”中我们能够得知城市居民并不缺少朋友,只是圈子不一样罢了,所以A排除。
B选项,还是在第二段“Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between
more and less urban people. ”中可知,城市和城镇居民的朋友圈的质 量和数量都是没有什么太大的区
别的,因此B选项也排除。剩下的C和D选项,D选项是个很大的干扰项 ,第二段的最后一句话“ However,
city residents do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.”,城市居民只是对
陌生人不信任,答案中把这个范围 扩大了。审题不仔细的学生往往会上当。再次从第三段中的“These
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