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洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌
30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.
A) 她鼓励他们拿不准时就提问题。
B) She makes them write down all her instructions.
B) 她让他们记下她的医嘱。
C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.
C) 她让他们把将在家里做的事情表演出来。
D) She asks them to repeat what are supposed to do.
D) 她让他们复述要做的事。
【听音指导】由第一题的选项可很有把握地推测she指代的是Doctor Myer，
而与医生相对的多半为病人。注意关键词ask question，write down，act out和
repeat。
【正确项分析】玛雅医生如何确定病人完全明白了自己的建议呢？原文为
She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed to do，原文的 tell her与
选项D中的关键词repeat一致，选项D为正确答案，
31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word.
A) 它缺乏印刷体的稳定性。
B) It contains many grammatical errors.
B) 它包含许多语法错误。
C) It is heavily dependent on the context.
C) 它十分依赖上下文语境。
D) It facilitates interpersonal communication.
D) 它有助于人际交往。
【听音指导】本题为短文最后一题，应在文章最后出现。需要注意关键字
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stability，errors，context和communication。
【正确项分析】此题是典型的篇章问题考法。答案出现在结尾处，问题是作
者对于人类口语交流 (human speech) 总结了什么。原文为human speech lacks the
stability and permanence of the printed word，与选项A一致。
原文及译文
In her early days as an emergency room physician, Doctor Joanna Mayer treated
a child who had suffered a second degree burn. After the child had been treated and
was being prepared for discharge, Doctor Mayer talked to the parents about how they
should care for the child at home. Also listening to her were a half a dozen other
family members. A few hours later, when she came to say goodbye, the family asked
her to settle an argument they'd been having over exactly what advice she had given.
I talked to them, I was said, of them had heard the simple
instructions I have given just a few hours before, but they have three or four different
versions. The most basic details were unclear and confusing. I was surprised, because
these were intelligent episode gave Doctor Mayer her first clue to
something every doctor learns sooner or later---- most people just don't listen very
well.
Nowadays, she says she repeats her instructions, and even conducts a reality
check with some patients. She asks them to tell her what they think they are supposed
to do. She also provides take-home sheets which are computer printouts tailored to the
patients' situation. Doc. Mayer's listeners are not unusual. When new or difficult
material is presented, almost all listeners are faced with a challenge because human
speech lacks the stability and permanence of the printed word. Oral communication is
fast- moving and impermanent.
29. What did the child's family members argue about in the hospital?
30. What does Doc. Mayer do to insure her patients understand her instructions?
31. What does the speaker say about human speech?
乔安娜·玛雅是一名急诊室医生。 早年，她曾医治了一名二度烧伤的孩子。
这个孩子接受完治疗准备出院时，玛雅医生告诉孩子父母在家如 何照顾孩子，在
场的还有六位家庭其他成员。几小时后，当她来与孩子再见的时候，孩子一家请
她解决争论，他们一直争论她的医嘱到底是什么。因为我已经告诉过他们，所
以我很惊讶。她说，他们所 有的人都在短短几小时前听到了我给出的简单的医
嘱，但是他们有三、四个不同的版本。最基本的细节都 不清楚且很困惑。我很吃
惊，因为这些是聪明人。这一段插曲给了玛雅医生第一个线索，而这迟早每个< br>医生都会懂得，即大多数人听的不准确。
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如今，玛雅说她反复重复医嘱，甚至对一些病人进行现场核查。她要他们告
诉她 他们应该做的事。她还根据病人的情况提供可带回家的打印文本。玛雅医生
的听众都是正常人。当面对新 资料或难度较大的资料时，几乎所有的听众都会面
临挑战，因为人类口语缺乏书面文字的稳定性和永久性 。口头交流速度快但持续
时间短。
29. 孩子的家庭成员在医院里争论的是什么？
30. 为确保病人明白她的医嘱，玛雅医生做了什么？
31. 说话者如何评述人类口语？
Passage Three
篇章结构
此篇讲的是商务工作中对员工的激励机制。主要内容为公司对员工的激励机
制并非是人们通常以为的工资 或者工作环境，而是工作中的挑战。
词汇点拨
challenging a. 挑战性的；logical a. 合理的；manually ad. 手动地；identify
v. 认同；tedious a. 单调的，沉闷的
话题词汇
arbitrarily ad. 专横地
mechanical a. 机械的
robotics n. 机器人学
by definition 当然
job security 职业安全感
labor relations 劳资关系
难句解析
1. It's logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working
conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert,
Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers.
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【解析】此句结构是由转折连词b ut引导的两个分句。前面一个分句中，it
做形式主语，后面的不定式to suppose是真正主 语。That引导宾语从句，介词like
以及其引导内容做things的后置定语。后面一个分句中 ，one expert 与Frederick
Herzberg为同位语，that后引导宾语从句。
2. However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there're
always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people
who have to do them.
【解析】本句主句为there be 句型，常见的短语with the development of作
时间状语，意为随着......的发展。jobs和people为 表语，三个并列形容词boring，
repetitive 和 mechanical一起修饰jobs，who引导的定语从句修饰先行词unskilled
people.
试题详解
32. A) Job security.
A) 职业安全感。
B) Good labor relations.
B) 愉快的劳资关系。
C) Challenging work.
C) 挑战性的工作。
D) Attractive wages and benefits.
D) 有吸引力的工资和利益。
【听音指导】预览选项中的关键词job security，labor relation，work，和wages
and benefits可知，此篇短文主旨与工作有关，可初步推测与人们对工作的满足
感有关。
【正确项分析】此题问的是主题，到底什么可以真正激励员工好好工作呢。
原文Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and
interesting job, recognition and responsibility，连接词in contrast附近出现了答案，
意为起到激 励作用的东西包括工作的挑战性和趣味性，以及工作中需承担的责任
即最终获得的认可。所以选选项C， 即挑战性的工作。
【干扰项分析】原文首句虽谈及选项A、B、D各项内容，但是but转折后
全盘否定but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not
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