dome是什么意思2004年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

2021年1月7日发(作者：霍亮)
人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004 年 11 月英语二级《笔译实务》
试题及参考答案
Section 1: English- Chinese Translation （英译汉）（ 60 point ）
Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题） （30 points）
Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe
that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration,
researchers have uncovered a remarkable array of species inhabiting the ocean floor at depths of
more than 660 feet, or about 200 meters. At the same time, however, technology has also enabled
fishermen to reach far deeper than ever before, into areas where bottom trawls can destroy in
minutes what has taken nature hundreds and in some cases thousands of years to build.
Many of the world's coral species, for example, are found at depths of more than 200 meters.
It is also estimated that roughly half of the world's highest seamounts - areas that rise from the
ocean floor and are particularly rich in marine life - are also found in the deep ocean.
These deep sea ecosystems provide shelter, spawning and breeding areas for fish and other
creatures, as well as protection from strong currents and predators. Moreover, they are believed to
harbor some of the most extensive reservoirs of life on earth, with estimates ranging from 500,000
to 100 million species inhabiting these largely unexplored and highly fragile ecosystems.
Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along
with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential
food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both
to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before,
commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields,
catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the
delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish
and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor.
Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is
still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on
the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable.
And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.

Part B Optional Translations （二选一题）（ 30 points ）
Topic 1 （选题一）
Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number
of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be
published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS （ UNAIDS ）， the special UN agency
set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will
also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.
AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and
Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana
and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called
of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern
Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial
and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.
Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and
device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter
advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to
Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.
An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments,
nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing
（ VCT ） .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure
them.
Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and
Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected
communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN
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Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at
least halted.

Topic 2 （选题二）
As a leader of a least developed country, I speak from experience when I say that poverty is
too complex a phenomenon, and the strategies for fighting it too diverse and dependent on local
circumstances, for there is no single silver bullet in the war on poverty.
We have learned the hard way over the years. We have experimented with all kinds of ideas.
Yet a report recently released by the World Economic Forum shows that barely a third of what
should have been done by now to ensure the world meets its goals to fight poverty, hunger and
disease by 2015 is done. I am now convinced that the Millennium Development Goals set by the
United Nations in 2000 can only be attained through a global compact, anchored in national
policies that take into account local circumstances.
Aid and trade are both necessary, but they are not enough on their own. Neither is good
governance enough in itself. Above all, nothing can move without the direct participation of local
communities. I fear that we lecture too much. This is not the best way.
I will give an example of how such a compact worked in Tanzania to achieve universal basic
schooling.
In the mid-1990s, almost all indicators for basic education were in free fall. The gross
enrollment rate had fallen from 98 percent in the early 1980s to 77.6 percent in 2000. The net
enrollment rate had likewise fallen, from over 80 percent to only 58.8 percent.
Then several things happened. We decided at the top political level that basic education would
be a top priority, and adopted a five-year Primary Education Development Plan to achieve universal
basic education by 2006 - nine years ahead of the global target.
Good governance produced more government revenues, which quadrupled over the last eight
years. In 2001, we received debt relief under the World Bank's enhanced HIPC （ heavily indebted
poor countries ） Initiative. Subsequently, more donors put aid money directly into our budget or
into a pooled fund for the Primary Education Development Program （ PEDP ） .
The government's political will was evidenced by the fact that over the last five years the share
of the national budget going to poverty reduction rose by 130 percent. We abolished school fees in
primary schools.
Then we ensured that all PEDP projects are locally determined, planned, owned, implemented
and evaluated. This gave the people pride and dignity in what they were doing. After only two years
of implementing PEDP, tremendous successes have been achieved.

Section 2: Chinese- English Translation （汉译英）（ 40 point ）
Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题） （ 20 points ）
进入 新世纪，国际形势继续发生深刻复杂的变化。世界多极化和经济全球化灾曲折中发
展。科技进步日新月异 ，我们既面临着必须抓住的发展机遇，也面临着必须认真应付的严峻
挑战，尽管当今世界还存在着这样那 样的矛盾和利益冲突，不确定、不稳定因素有所增加，
但和平与发展仍是当今时代的主题，世界要和平、 国家要发展、人民要合作是不可阻挡的历
史潮流。
当前亚洲形势总体稳定，和平、发展、合 作已成为前进中亚洲的主流。经过共同努力，
亚洲有关国家摆脱了金融危机的阴影，战胜了非典和禽流感 疫情的冲击，经济结构调整取得
成效，产业升级换代步伐加快，区域合作方兴未艾，抗御风险能力不断增 强。亚洲仍然是全
球最具发展活力的地区之一，也继续是全球贸易的重要增长点之一。我们对亚洲的发展 前景
充满信心。

Part B Optional Translations （二选一题） （ 20 points ）
Topic 1 （选题一）
中国目前已经建成 1.9 万公里公路。自 1990 年以来，中国每年都要新增 3700 公里公
路。到 2020 年公路网将连接中国所有重要城市。中国公路里程将仅次于美国，达到 55000 公
里。
高速公路网将带来深远的影响。城市带将形成；人们的生活方式将会发 生变化；枢纽城
市的经济增长率将迅速上升，因为便利的交通条件将吸引更多的投资者。
许 多国际开发商支持这种看法。世界银行和亚洲开发银行正用巨额贷款支持中国开展公
路建设。它们认为公 路建设对于缓解贫困至关重要。自上世纪末，亚洲开发银行已减少它在
中国经济发达的东部地区的公路投 资，而将重点转向较为贫困的西部地区。
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