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is是什么2013年11月学位英语试卷分析

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2021-01-07 11:52
tags:学位英语, 试卷分析, 英语考试

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2021年1月7日发(作者:张佑赫)
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2013.10.20

Part I Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked
A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding
letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don’t think your fat
cells won’t notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a
medical journal) finds that inadequate shut- eye has a harmful effect on fat cells,
reducing their ability to respond to insulin (胰岛素) by about 30 percent. Over the
long-term, this decreased response could set the stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical
condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver
disease and weight gain.
The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there’ “an intimate
relationship between the amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good,
healthy body weight,”says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for
Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. (76) But Americans don’t seem
to be getting the message that we need seven to nine hours par night. 但是美国人看
起来还没有理解/没有知道我们每个晚上是需要睡七到九个小时。 More than 1
in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average. So how
did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University
of Chicago and a group of colleagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take
part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep
for eight nights in a sleep lab. “For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for
8.5 hours a night,” says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for four
additional nights ——but this time they were allowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per
night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. (77) Brady explains
that the fat cells responded significantly to the loss of sleep. 布兰迪解释到脂肪细
胞对缺少睡眠反应很明显。“I was very surprised to be honest,” he says.
Bad things can happen when fat cells become less responsive to insulin. “Fat
cells are actually your friend,” he says. “They’re there to store lipids (血脂).”
When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you’re
exercising or sleeping or going about your day. “However, when fat cells start to
become insulin resistant, the lipids start to leach out of the fat cells and rise in
the bloodstream,” Brady says.

1. According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead to all
of the following EXCEPT_____.
A. heart disease B. weight gain C. diabetes D. liver disease


2. The main idea of the third paragraph is_____
A. how to write a medical research paper
B. how to avoid sleep loss
C. how the research was conducted
D. how to conduct a medical experiment

3. What does the “leach” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Leap. B. Lead. C. Lean. D. Leak.


4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. We will be in trouble if our fat cells become less responsive to insulin.
B. More and more studies are done to study the link between sleep and weight.
C. More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep.
D. Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.


5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?
A. Poor Sleep May Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and Disease
B. Sleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat Study
C. Americans Should Have More Than Six Hours of Sleep
D. Bad Things Happen if Fat Cells Become Our Friend


Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to
-30°F and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are
few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic(北极)is home.
(78) Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well
prepared for life in their tough environment. 北极熊有着厚厚的皮毛,大大的熊掌
以及其它的特征。这些特征可以使它们应对艰苦的环境。 In fact, they need the
Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of
summer sea ice to melt(融化). Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the
Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the
world's 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too. Polar bears can't survive
for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar
bears can hunt seals is on the ice. (79)
Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift
seals in the water. 尽管这些北极熊游泳很好,但还是比不过敏捷快速的海豹。A
polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter
the bear waits motionless beside a seal's breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel
through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the
bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on
land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.
With the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not
have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to
catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs(大片浮冰),
and they can't always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can
cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide
them with food. Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International.
The group aims to save the bears and their home.
bears and understand their difficult situation, the better the chance we'll alter our
warming path in time to save them,

6. Which is the best title for the passage? 主旨题
A. Climate Change in the Arctic
B. How to Protect the Environment
C. The Arctic is Home to Polar Bears
D. Polar Bears in Danger

7. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?
A. On land B. In open water.
C. In openings in the sea ice. D. At the bottom of the sea.

8. The word
A. adults B. babies C. hunters D. enemies

9. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be
killed either for food or safety.
B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.
C. Two- thirds of the world's polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global
warming continues.
D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because
they are excellent swimmers.

10. What's the mission of Polar Bears International?
A. Saving energy. B. Conducting scientific research.
C. Seeking international cooperation. D. Saving polar bears and their home.





Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Imagine a school that expected its students to become literate(有读写能力的)
without any formal instruction. Most parents would be alarmed by such an approach,
which would leave their children confused and with gaps in their understanding. This
however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools.
Why is the development of character seen as somehow different from the other
skills that we teach?
Of course there will always be learning by osmosis(耳濡目染)in any school,
but as a teacher and primary school head I have found that a child's moral
literacy is strengthened when they acquire the building blocks of good character
such as consideration, courage and honor: qualities which are commonly known
as virtue(美德).
I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple
and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student
and a chance for the virtue to embed(使融入)itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as
honesty has been completed we need to allow time for children to practice this
concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role
play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously
interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned
about their feelings and motives. (80) It's also a safe way for children to experience
for themselves how a lie usually goes out of control. 最安全的方法是让孩子们自
己体验一个谎言是怎么失控的。 Our role as educators is also to look for
opportunities to help our students as they attempt to strengthen their characters.
When something goes wrong we guide the young person to the virtue that will prevent
it from happening again. For instance, when a student thoughtlessly disturbs the calm
atmosphere of the library, instead of a response such as,
and selfish of you!we draw out from them the required virtue: you're
walking through the library, what virtues do you need to use?

11. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A. Teaching morals and values has been a frequently discussed topic in the past few
years.
B. The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to
encourage character development in children.
C. Kids throughout the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the
same realities in their lives.
D. Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.


12. We can infer from the first paragraph that_.
A. there tends to be disagreement about what character education is
B. most parents are not satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schools
C. the approach to character education is generally considered different from the
approaches to other skills
D. more and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendance


13. The word
A. study B. subject C. viewpoint D. investigation



14. The author is a_____
A. teacher B. librarian C. reporter D. manager


15. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build
character in children?
A. Story readings and discussions. B. Osmosis.
C. Taking every opportunity to teach character. D. Role play.


Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there
are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes
the sentence. Then blacken the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

16. So much _______ about his ships on the sea that he didn’t sleep for a single
minute all night.
A. did he worry B. he did worry C. he worried D. worried be
So/such 放句首,句子倒装 be/助动词放在主语的前面
否定词放句首引起句子的倒装 no, neither, little, not only, hardly
Only 放句首句子倒装

17. His new novel is said ______ into a film last year.
A. to make B. to have made C. to be made D. to have been made
To do 一般式
To be done 被动式
To have done 完成式
To have been done 完成+被动

18. He tried several times to pass the exam. _____ the end, he succeeded.
A. On B. In C. At D. By
In the end=at last=finally




19. The report of an earthquake(地震) in the south China Sea has not been _____ yet.
A. conflicted 冲突 B. confused 迷惑 C. confined 限制 D. confirmed 证

形同义不同


20. The clouds are gathering. We’re better hurry and _____ the department store in
case it rains.
A. hand in 上交 B. face up to 面临 C. head for 朝。。。走去 D. back
up 支持


21. There is only one boat ____ for hire. I’m afraid you have to wait for the next one.
A. superior 比。。优 superior to B. capable of 能够 C. complicated 复杂
的 D. available 可用的,现有的
There are many books available.


22. I think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal of ______.
A. relation 关系 B. limitation 限制 C. strength 勇气 D. patience 耐心


23. Finally we made a ______ that I should cook dinner and she would wash up after.
A. trip 旅行 B. bargain 交易/协议 C. face 面孔 D. fool


24. The old man was found ______ on the floor.
A. lying dead B. lying death C. laying dead D. laying death
Find + doing 动词和主语是主动关系
Find+ done 动词和主语是被动关系
Find +介词短语
I find her waiting for me at the gate.
I find the boy beaten terribly.

Lie-lying 躺
Lay 放置 laying
Die 动词
Dead 形容词
Death 名词

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