abc是什么英语二笔翻译真题2008年11月

2021年1月7日发(作者：李继耐)
2008年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题
Section 1: English- Chinese Translation（英译汉）
Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）
Mangoes in Africa, as elsewhere, often fall prey tofruit flies, which destroy about
40% of thecontinents crop. In fact, fruit flies are so common in African mangoes
that America has bannedtheir import altogether, to protect its own orchards.
African farmers, meanwhile, have fewpractical means to defend their fruit.
Chemical pesticides are expensive. And even for thosewho can afford them they
are not that effective since, by the time a farmer spots aninfestation, it is too
late to spray. Agricultural scientists have also looked at controlling fruit flieswith
parasitic wasps. But the most common ones kill off only about one fly in 20,
leaving plentyof survivors to go on the rampage. Lethal traps baited with
fly- attracting pheromones areanother option. But they, too, are expensive.
Instead, most farmers simply harvest their fruitearly, when it is not yet fully ripe.
This makes it less vulnerable to the flies, but also lessvaluable. Farmers whose
trees are teeming with worker ants, however, do not need to botherwith any of
this. In a survey of several orchards in Benin, Dr van Mele and his colleagues
foundan average of less than one fruit-fly pupa in each batch of 30 mangoes
from trees where worker
ants were abundant, but an average of 77 pupae in batches from trees without
worker worker ants, it turns out, are very thorough about hunting
down and eating fruit flies, aswell as a host of other pests. Worker ants have
been used for pest control in China and otherAsian countries for centuries. The
practice has also been adopted in Australia. But Dr van Meleargues that it is
particularly suited to Africa since worker ants are endemic to the
mango-growing regions of the continent, and little training or capital is needed to
put them to work. Allyou need do is locate a suitable nest and run string from
it to the trees you wish to ants will then quicklyn find their way to
the target. Teaching a group of farmers in BurkinaFaso to use worker ants in this
way took just a day, according to Dr van Mele. Those farmersno longer use
pesticides to control fruit flies, and so are able to market their mangoes