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1, In this way, we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy, or of
the habits of the social insects, let us say < br>通过这样的方式，我们已经掌握了在天文学规律或者是群居昆虫的习性两方面我们所
了解到的一切 （主与从合译）
2, I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are
either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50
years ago.
有些研究得出结论认为，现在的人们相比50年前的时候（如出现比较 ，可将比较对象
先提出来）要么更幸福要么更不幸福，或者对自己要么自信要么不那么自信，关于这些研究我通常持怀疑的态度（翻译时注意重心调整
3 In the first place, any scientific study requires that there be no preferential
weighting of one or another of the items in the series it selects for its consideration.
首先，任何科学研究都要求，人们对于研究选择来进行考虑的一系列对 象（转译：后
置定语有进可转为状语，并前置） 不应该存在任何的厚此薄彼（偏爱一个或另一个）。
require客观上的要求常用虚拟语气，There is no preferential weighting of sth. 绝没有
对……偏爱/偏重；one or another of the items in the series 系列组成部分中的某一个；
select. . . for consideration 选择……来考虑；注意item项目，组成部分]
4, What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that
businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real
商人们自认为的他们所领导的生产力革命是否确有其事，这一点更加难以确定。
What is harder to establish 可以译为; 更难以确定的是
5 Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with
established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet
一些公司只和既定的获得进入公司内部网络 的商业伙伴进行在线交易，通过这样的方
式来限制风险。
6, I have known very few writers, but those I have known, and whom I respect,
confess at once that they have little idea where they are going
我知道的作家很少 （寥寥无几），但我已经知道和所尊敬的作家都会立刻承认他们将
写到哪里他们自己都一无所知。[co nfess 坦白concede认罪admit不情愿地承认
acknowledge 公认；have no idea of 对…一无所知；have a certain idea of对…有特定
的了解；go是万能动词，根据上下文语境才能得出含义]
7. Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly
related to how much they have learned.
的确(事实上)，有证据可以证明（转译法，把名词“证据”译为动词“证明”） 人们
遗忘速 率与他们已获取的知识量有直接的关系。[indeed①的确②实际上；to是有联系
含义的介词，A be related to B，as the rate of]
8. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be
sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a ‘valid’ or
‘fair’ comparison.
现 在由于智力评价是一种相对而言的事情，因此我们必须确保这种我们比较对象时所
用标准能提供的是有效 或公平的比较。[effective有效果efficient有效率valid有效力
的；scal e①刻度 → ②级别、规模、程度③天平④鱼鳞]
9 .He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes
them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are
true.
一直以来，他所提出的主张都是毋庸置疑的，以至于他不但自 己对他们深信不疑，而
且还让工商业管理层确信这些观点是真实的。[put forward = raise, advance, bring
forward提出；unquestioned无争议的；
10. The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison
in terms of intelligence is to be made.
如果要进行智力方面的比较，那么对于所 有正进行比较的对象而言（状语前置）最初
两者必须是等同的。
11. Although perhaps only 1 percent of the life that has started somewhere will
develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the number of plants
that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.
虽然 源自于某处的生命可能仅有1%才会进化为高度复杂而智能的生命形态，但是宇
宙中的行星是如此之巨， 以致于智能生命注定会是宇宙自然的一部分
12 . While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences,
whites were commonly driven by religious convictions
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