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结论英语每日英语训练(简单句及专项练习)

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2021-01-07 13:02
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2021年1月7日发(作者:邱励俭)每日英语训练--简单句及专项练习

1、简单句的特点:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语 )和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。

2、简单句的种类:简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹 句和祈使句四种。

3、陈述句:

用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。它有肯定 式和否定式两种形式。

▲陈述句的肯定式: He is a middle school student.(他是个中学生)/ I have a hammer in my hand.(我手上有把锤子)/ She teaches us geography.(她教我们地理)/ The new play was good enough and everybody enjoyed it.(新的话剧非常好大家都喜欢)

▲陈述句的否定式:

1)谓语动词如果 是to be 、助动词、情态动词时,在它们的后面加“not”。如:My brother is not a teacher.(我的弟弟不是教师)/ He does not have a cousin.(他没有堂兄弟)/ I will not go there tomorrow.(明天我不去那儿)/ My mother is not cooking a meal in the kitchen.(我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭)/ You must not make such mistakes again.(你不该再犯类似错误了) / We haven’t discussed the question yet(我们还没有讨论那个问题呢).

2 )谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,须在它的前面加do not(don’t).如: I don’t know anything about it.(此事我一无所知) / Li Ming does not feed pigs in the countryside.(李明不在农村养猪)/ We didn’t expect to meet her right here.(我们没指望着在这里见到她)/ We didn’t have a meeting yesterday afternoon.(昨天下午我们没有开会)

3)如果“have” 作“有”讲,也可以在它后面加not构成否定式,其形式与have got的否定式相同。 如:I haven’t (got) any brothers or sisters.(我没有兄弟姐妹)

[注意]

①句子中如果有all、both、very much/well等词时 ,用not一般构成部分否定,如果要完全否定,则通常使用none、neither、not…at all等;All of them went there.→None of them went the re.(他们全都去了那里→他们全都没去那里)

②句子中含有little、few、too (太)、hardly、never、neither、nor、seldom等词时, 则视为否定句。如:Few people live there because life there is very hard.(几乎没有人生活在那里因为那里的生活太艰难了)

③陈述句(主 语+谓语+其他)在口语中可以直接表示疑问,表示惊讶或明知故问。如:That’s your boss? (那就是你的老板?!)

④陈述句一般情况下应使用正常的语序,即:主语+谓语+其他。但是 有时会倒装,详见“倒装句”。

⑤所有的从句一律使用陈述句语序,即在连接词后采用“主语+ 谓语+其他”的顺序。如:The old man told me that he would live here for ten more years before he returns home. (老人告诉我说他还要在这儿住几年然后回家)/ Could you tell me who you saw at the party last night?(能告诉我在聚会上你都看见了谁

吗?)

4、疑问句:

▲一般疑问句: 用“yes”或“no”来回答的疑 问句叫做一般疑问句。

1)一般疑问句构成:句中谓语动词是to be、助动词、情态动词时,则将它们(提前)放到主语前面。如:Is hean engineer?(他是工程师吗?)/ Have you got today’s newspaper? (你有今天的报纸吗?)/ Shall we go to see a film this evening? (我们今晚去看电影好吗?)/ Can you explain it ?(你能解释它吗?)/ Is there any fish for supper?(晚饭有鱼吗?)/ Would you like to go out for a walk?(你想出去散步吗?)

谓语动词如果没有上述词语而是其他动词时,则在主语前面加助动词do / does / did, 原来的谓语动词改为原形。如:Do you get up at six every morning?(你天天早晨六点起身吗?)/ Does she study hard?(她学习努力吗?)/ Did you go there yesterday?(昨天你去那儿 了吗?)

2)一般疑问句的回答:

一般疑问句通常用简略形式来回答。如:< br>
Will you join us in playing basketball?(你加入我们打篮球好吗?)—Yes, we will.(是的我们会。)/ —No, we won’t.(不我们不会。)

Have you got today’s newspaper?(你有今天的报纸吗?)—Yes, I have .(是的有。)/ —No, I haven’t.(不没有。)

回答时所用的时态应和问句里的时态一致。

[ 注意] 回答must或者may开头的疑问句要小心,参见情态动词有关内容。

3)一般疑问 句的否定结构(即否定形式的一般疑问句)表示惊奇、责怪、建议、看法等,只要将“not”置于主语之后或者 将“not”放到主语之前与be, have等助动词或情态动词合并在一起就可以了。如:

Will he not come?(他难道不来吗?)/ Isn’t your sister a Party member?(你的姐姐不是党员吗?)/ Haven’t you any brothers?(你没有哥哥吗?)/ Don’t you like the play?(你难道不喜欢这个话剧吗?)/ Can’t we walk a little farther?(我们不能走远些吗?)/ Won’t you sit down?(你不想坐下吗?)/ Hasn’t she heard of the matter?(她没听说过这事儿?)

这种否定结构的疑问句的回答与汉语的习惯不同。如果回答是肯定的,就用“yes+肯定结构”;如果回答是否 定的,就用“no+否定结构”。(情况与反意问句类似。)如:

Can’t he answer the question? (他不能回答这个问题吗?)

—Yes,he can.(不,他能回答这个问题。)—No,he can’t. (是的,他不能回答这个问题。)

▲特殊疑问句:要求具体回答的问句。

1)特殊疑问句结构是:

疑问 代词t+一般疑问句+?

除who以外的疑问代词短语t

疑问副词t

如:What do you want?(你要什么?)/ Who(m) are you looking for ?(你在找谁?)/ Whose magazine is this?(这是谁的杂志?)/Which class are you in?(你在哪班?)/ When did you get up this morning?(你今早什么时候

起身的?)/ Where have you been?(你到哪儿去了?)/ Why did he go to bed so early?(他为什么这么早睡觉?)/ How did you go there?(你是怎么去的那儿 ?)

但是,“who”引出的询问主语或主语部分相关词的特殊疑问句的结构与陈述句词序相同 :如:Who is dancing over there?(谁在那边跳舞?)

有时“w hat”,“which”,“whose”也可以引出与陈述句词序相同的特殊疑问句。如:What is on the wall?(什么东西在墙上?/墙上有什么?)/ Which is yours?(哪个是你的?)/ Whose book is in your bag?(谁的书在你的书 包里?)

附专项练习

一、基础练习

1、There are only twelve ______ in the hospital.

A.woman doctors B.women doctors

C.women doctor D.woman doctor

2、Mr Smith has two _______ , both of whom are teachers in a school.

A.brothers-in-law B.brother-in- laws

C.brothers-in-laws D.brothers-in law

3、——How many ______ does a cow have? ——Four.

A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies

4、Some ______ visited our school last Wednesday.

A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens

5、The _______ of the building are covered with lots of .

A.roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D.roofs; leafs

6、When the farmer returned home he found three _______

missing.

A.sheeps B.sheepes C.sheep D.sheepies

7、That was a fifty _______ engine.

A.horse power B.horses power

C.horse powers D.horses powers

8、My father often gives me ______ .

A.many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice

9、Mary broke a ______ while she was washing up.

A.tea cup B.a cup of tea C.tea’s cup D.cup tea

10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?

A.informations B.information C.piece of informations D.pieces information

11、I had a cup of _____ and two pieces of _____ this morning.

A.teas; bread B.teas; breads

C.tea; breads D.tea; bread

12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______ .

A.lights; sounds B.light; sound C.sound; light D.sounds; lights

13、She told him of all her ___ and ____ .

A.hope; fear B.hopes; fear

C.hopes; fears D.hope; fears

14、The rising _____ did a lot of ____ to the crops.

A.water; harm B.water; harms

C.waters; harm D.waters; harms

15、How far away is it from here to your school? It’s about ______ .

A.half an hour’s drive B.half hours drives

C.half an hour drives D.half an hour drive

16、The shirt isn’t mine. It’s _____ .

A.Mrs Smith B.Mrs’ Smith

C.Mrs Smiths’ D.Mrs Smith’s

17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______ .

A.Mary’s mother B.Mary’s mothers’ C.Mary mother’s D.Mary’s mother’s

18、Last week I called at my _____ .

A.aunt B.aunts C.aunt’

s D.auntes’

19、The beach is a ______ throw.

A.stone B.stones C.stones’ D.stone’s

20、I can hardly imagine ____ sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

A.Peter’ B.Peter C.Peters D.Peters



二、提高练习

1. It won’t make much ________ whether you agree or not.

A. difficulty

B. trouble

C. difference

D. matter

2. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ________ of how life began.

A. cause

B. problem

C. reason

D. puzzle

3. You must get there within an hour. There should be no ___ in sending this information to him.

A. question

B. problem

C. quarrel

D. delay

4. I can’t give you the card without Smith’s ________.

A. agreement

B. allowing

C. permission

D. perfomance

5. What impressed me most was that they never lost ________.

A. hearts

B. heart

C. their heart

D. their hearts

6. Though I spoke to him many times, he never took any ________ of what I said.

A. remark

B. observationu3000

C. attention

D. notice

7. I went to buy a ________ of China Daily.

A. piece

B. sheet

C. lot

D. copy

8. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.

A. intention

B. purpose

C. attempt

D. desire

9. There are usually at least two ________ of looking at every question.

A. means

B. directions

C. views

D. ways

10. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.

A. fact

B. reality

C. practice

D. deed

11. She is young for the job, but on the other ________, she is well trained.

A. way

B. situation

C. chance

D. hand

12. The most important________ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.

A. point

B. sense

C. spot

D. view

13. --- I’d like ________ information about the management of your hotel, please.

--- Well, you could have ________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.

A. some; a

B. an; some

C. some; some

D. an; a

14. He told me he had been offered a very well-paid ________.

A. business

B. service

C. work

D. position

15. Each player must obey ________, who is the leader of the team.

A. captain

B. a captainu3000

C. the captain

D. captains

16. It was ________ that he had to ask for help.

A. such big a work

B. a so big job

C. a so big work

D. such a big job

17. He dropped the ________ and broke it.

A. cup of coffee

B. coffee’s cup

C. cup for coffee

D. coffee cup

18. What ________! Where did you get them?

A. big fish

B. a big fish

C. a piece of big fish

D. big a fish

19. He left ________ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. He said he would keep ________.

A. words; his words

B. word; his word

C. word; word

D. the word; his words

20. The new law will come into ________ on the day it is passed.

A. effect

B. use

C. service

D. existence

21. We held a party in ________ of our Australian teacher, Meggi.

A. prize

B. honor

C. praise

D. pride

22. --- Tom, will you boys pl

ay soldiers outside? There’s not enough ________ for you boys here.

--- But we can play in the next ________, can’t we?

A. places; place

B. room; room

C. rooms; space

D. house; rooms

23. --- Is this bridge made of ________?

--- Yes, it is made of 2300 huge ________.

A. stone; stone

B. stones; stones

C. stone; stones

D. stones; stone

24. --- Mum, I’m going to visit my aunt. What about a week?

--- A week is too long. Try to be back in a ________ of days.

A. number

B. dozen

C. few

D. couple

25. Mrs. Green tried hard to find a job but she had no ________.

A. luck

B. time

C. hope

D. chance

26. His daughter is always shy in ________ and she never dares to make a speech to ________.

A. the public; the public

B. public; the public

C. the public; public

D. public; public

27. Fast-food restaurants are ________ to us all.

A. of many helps

B. a great help

C. great helps

D. much help

28. These young people are now making an active ________ to beautify (美化) our city.

A. part

B. effort

C. decision

D. plan

29. --- What you like may not be what I like.

--- Yes, one man’s meal is another man’s ________.

A. poison

B. medicine

C. meal

D. food

30. He said that two ________ would come to our school the next day.

A. woman scientist

B. women scientist

C. woman scientists

D. women scientists



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