screwing英语4级一些语法

2021年1月7日发(作者：贾培之)
No. 5 Tenses (2)
一．现在完成进行时：
1. 现在完成进行 时与现在完成时的延续性用法没有明
显的区别，表示动作开始于过去并一直继续在进行。常
与f or, since等表示一段时间的状语连用，有时也用包括
现在在内的段时间状语（如all day/week/year, these
weeks/years, the whole morning）。
The boys have been watching television since seven
o’clock. 孩子们从七点起就一直在看电视。
I have been reading this book for 2 weeks, but I haven’t
finished it yet. 这本书我已经看了两周，但还没有看完。
2. 表示过去到现在一直重复发生的动作：
I have been telling you many times that you must be more
careful with your work.
我讲过多少遍了，你对自己的工作一定要更加小心。

二．过去完成进行时： < br>表示过去某时以前就一直在进行的动作。它与现在完成
进行时相似，但只是适用于过去的场合。如 ：
She asked me what I had been doing these years.她问我这
些年一直在干什么。

1
When I got to the meeting, he had already been speaking
for half an hour. 当我到达会场时，他已经讲了半个小时
了。

三．将来完成进行时：
表示一个持续至将来某一时间的动作。如：
I shall have been teaching in this university for twenty
years by the end of the term.到学期末我就在这所大学执
教20年了。

四．将来进行时：
表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作，其用法与一般将来时
没有 太大区别，故较少用到。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 明天这个时
候你会干什么？

五．将来完成时：
1．表示在将来某时之前，一个动作将要发生并完成，
句中常有by和by the time (that)引导的时间状语。
By the end of the century China will have become a strong
and prosperous country.

2
到本世纪末，中国将成为一个繁荣富强的国家。

2．这个时态还可以表示可能性或推测，其作用相当于
“must+ have V-ed
2
”结构。 如：
It’s five o’clock.. They will have arrived home by now. 现
在是五点钟，这时他们也应该到家了吧。

六．过去将来进行时，过去将来完成时及过去将来完成
进行时轻少用到，故略去不讲。

Exercises:
1. The Olympic Games, first celebrated in Athens in 1896,
___ every 4 years so far, except during the two world wars.
A. are held B. were heal C. had been held D.
have been held
2. She ___ several wallets ___ by pickpockets this year.
A. has, lost B. had, lost C. has, stolen D. has had,
stolen
3. Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it ___
necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
a. would be b. has been C. had been D. would have

3