反锁9.26英语作业

2021年1月7日发(作者：孔叔平)
高考语法填空专项讲解
第一讲：时态及语态
一结构：
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去完成时
现在完成时
将来完成时
现在完成进行时
主动语态
am/is/are; have/has; cleans/clean
Was/were; had; cleaned
clean
am/is/are cleaning
had cleaned
Have/has cleaned
Will have cleaned
Have been cleaning
被动语态
am/is/are cleaned
was/were/ cleaned
cleaned
am/is/are being cleaned
had been cleaned
Have/has been cleaned
Will have been cleaned

Will/be going to/ be to/ be about to Will/be going to/ be to/ be about to be

二用法考点分析
1一般现在时
表客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）eg. Water boils at 100℃.
表现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表经常或习惯性的动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
Eg. Ice feels cold. Eg. We always care for each other.
在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。Eg. If it ____ (rain) tomorrow, I ____ (go) out.
Eg. It ____ (not be) long before the rain stops.
2 一般过去时
1) 基本用法：表过去的事情、动作或状态，与表示过去的具体时间连用（或有上下文语境暗示）eg. I met her
in the street yesterday.
2) 如果从句中有一个过去时间状语，尽管从句的动作先于主句发生，从句动词连用过去式。
Eg. He told me he ___ (read) an interesting novel last night.
3) 表示几个紧接着的动作或由以下词语连接的句子，用一般过去时，如but ,and , when, as soon as,
immediately, the moment, the minute, the first time等
Eg. He stood up, ______ (walk) to the door and ____(open) the door.
The moment she ____( come) in , she told me what _____(happen) to me.
3 一般将来时
1）表未来的动作或状态常用will/shall+do
2) 表一种向或习惯动作eg. We’ll die without air or water.
3) 表向行为动词如come, go , start, begin, leave等动词常用进行时表将来。
4）be about to do 表刚要发生的动作，后常跟when（just at that time）连用。
Eg.I was about to dive into the river when some called me.
4 现在进行时
1）表示说话时正发生的动作。
2）表阶段但不一定发生在说话时eg. I am writing a novel about love in the war.
3) 表计划或安排的向性动词
4）与always或often 等频度副词连用，表经常发生的行为或某种感情色彩
Eg. The girl is always talking loud in public.
5 过去完成时(表过去的过去)
1）在by, by the end of , by the time, until, before, since后接过去某一时间的短语或表以前发生的动作的从句
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Eg. By the end of last year, we ____(produce)20000 cars. The train _____ (leave) before we reached station
2) 表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用had hope/planned/intended/th ought/wanted/expected等
或用上述过去式接不定式的完成式即：hoped/p alnned…to have done.中文通常翻译成“原想/希望….”
Eg.I had planned to spend(planned to have spent) my summer holiday in Beijing but I had to go to the training
center.
3) “时间状语+before”的时间状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；但“时间状语+ago”则用过去式。
Eg. He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. He left school 3 years ago.
4) 表示“一。。。就”的倒装句型：Hardly/No sooner/ Scarcely had +主语+过去分词+when/than/before+一般过
去时。Eg. No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.
6 现在完成时
A 动作在过去发生，但对现在有影响。与过去式的区别：
Eg.I have lost my key. (钥匙现在还没找到)
I lost my key. (只说明钥匙过去丢了，现在找到与否不清楚)
B表动作过去发生，并一直延续到现在。动词要用延续 性动词，与for/since连用。注意：这也是现在完成
进行时的用法，强调延续性。
Eg He ____ (not hear) from his brother since the war ____ (break out).
1 和for,since引导的时间状语，还有以下时间状语：in/during/over the past(last) few years, so far, until now, up
to now, in recent years, lately, recently, ever since等。
2 下列句型：
It is (has been)+一段时间+since从句
This(That/It) is the first(second…) time that +完成时
This(That/It) is the only…+that+完成时
This(That/It) is the best/finest/ most interesting…+ that +完成时
7将来完成时，表将来已经完成的事情。一般用by the next year/term等。
Eg. By the next year, I will have left my high school.

I.在空格处填出括号内动词的适当形式。
1. Don’t take the magazine away. It _ belongs __(belong) to me.
2. I will go to see my son when he _ finishes _(finish) the training course.
3. Perhaps it will be a long time before Tom _ comes __ from abroad .
4. Often a storm _ is followed __(follow) by a calm.
5. If city noises _ are not kept __(keep) from increasing，people will have to shout to be heard
even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
6. I bought this radio yesterday，but it __doesn’t work__(work).
7. A friend of mine _ returned _(return) to his house after a holiday only to find it had been broken
into.
8. When Jack arrived he _learned _(learn) Mary had been away for about an hour.
9. We miss Ted a lot, for he was killed _(kill) trying to save a child in earthquake.
10. Shortly after we were seated _(seat)，a waiter came over to our table with a smile.
11. I have left the light of my office on, so I _ will go _(go) back and turn it off.
12. The number of the guests who _ will be invited__(invite) to the wedding reaches 800.
13. Mr. Smith told us that he _ would deliver __(deliver) a speech the next week.
14. The professor asked his assistant whether his report _ would be completed _(complete) in a
week.
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