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Part V Cloze
Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s
willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been
observed 67 the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders.
The more secure we are in our 68 to Mom, the more likely we are to
try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this
effect continues into adulthood. A 69 reminder of Mom’s touch or the
sound of her voice on the phone is70to change people’s minds and
moods, 71 their decision making in measurable ways. In a
study 72 online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate
business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a
bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly 73 or a riskier stock option,
for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the
students 74 on the back of the shoulder for about one
second 75 providing verbal instructions about the study. Both male
and female students who were touched by a female experimenter
were 76 more likely to choose the risky alternative 77 were
those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The
reassuring（宽慰的）touch of a woman may have induced early
associations, 78 the same openness to exploration that is observed in
young children of 79 mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business
professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.
To further 80 that a woman’s touch links feelings of
security 81 risk taking, the researchers asked a 82 group of
undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half
of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas
the 83 half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起)
a 84 of insecurity made students in the latter
group 85 receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female
experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving
for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug 86 Mom before
stepping on the bus.
67. A. by B. up C. above D. across
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68. A. concern B. attachment C. treatment D.
appeal
69. A. bare B. unique C. mere D. just
70. A. enough B. ready C. easy D. quick
71. A. generating B. regulating C. affecting D.
refining
72. A. exhibited B. published C. appeared D. advertised
73. A. return B. expense C. cost D. prize
74. A. seemingly B. strongly C. partly D. lightly
75. A. if B. so C. while D. whereas
76. A. rathe B. far C. further D. pretty
77. A. than B. as C. whic D. that
78. A. intending B. inferring C. inspiring D. instructing
79. A. supportive B. lively C. strict D. respectful
80. A. enable B. ensure C. consent D. confirm
81. A. beyond B. with C. for D. along
82. A. relative B. competitive C. different D. successive
83. A. next B. other C. minor D. opposite
84. A. hint B. clue C. chain D. sense
85. A. especially B. specially C. securely D. entirely
86. A. toward B. into C. of D. from
67. D. across
68. C. attachment
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