企业英语(完整版)16年12月英语四级真题(一)

2021年1月9日发(作者：冷楚)
2016年12月英语四级真题（卷一）
PartⅠ
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have
twooptions upon graduation: one is to find a job somewhere and the other to start abusiness of
your own. You are to make a decision. Write an essay to explain the reasonsfor your decision. You
should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Part Ⅱ >>音频下载
Listening Comprehension
( 25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport,
you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A,
B, C and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the
centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A. It was dangerous to live in.
B. It was going to be renovated.
C. He could no longer pay the rent.
D. He had sold it to the royal family.
2. A. A strike.
B. A storm.
C. A forest fire.
D. A terrorist attack.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A. They lost contact with the emergency department.
B. They were trapped in an underground elevator.
C. They were injured by suddenly falling rocks.
D. They sent calls for help via a portable radio.
4. A. They tried hard to repair the elevator.
B. They released the details of the accident.
C. They sent supplies to keep the miners warm.
D. They provided the miners with food and water.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A. Raise postage rates.
B. Improve its services.
C. Redesign delivery routes.
D. Close some of its post offices.
6. A. Shortening business hours.
B. Closing offices on holidays.
C. Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays.
D. Computerizing mall sorting processes.
7. A. Many post office staff will lose their jobs.
B. Many people will begin to complain.
C. Taxpayers will be very pleased.
D. A lot of controversy will arise.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each
conversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be
spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choicesmarked A, B, C and D . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single
line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A. He will be kept from promotion.
B. He will go through retraining.
C. He will be given a warning.
D. He will lose part of his pay.
9. A. He is always on time.
B. He is a trustworthy guy.
C. He is an experienced press operator.
D. He is on good terms with his workmates.
10. A. She is a trade union representative.
B. She is in charge of public relations.
C. She is a senior manager of the shop.
D. She is better at handling such matters.
11. A. He is skilled and experienced.
B. He is very close to the manager.
C. He is always trying to stir up trouble.
D. He is always complaining about low wages.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A. Open.
B. Friendly.
C. Selfish.
D. Reserved.
13. A. They stay quiet.
B. They read a book.
C. They talk about the weather.
D. They chat with fellow passengers.
14. A. She was always treated as a foreigner.
B. She was eager to visit an English castle.
C. She was never invited to a colleague's home.
D. She was unwilling to make friends with workmates.
15. A. Houses are much more quiet.
B. Houses provide more privacy.
C. They want to have more space.
D. They want a garden of their own.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will
hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and
D . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. They don't have much choice of jobs.
B. They are likely to get much higher pay.
C. They don't have to go through job interviews.
D. They will automatically be given hiring priority.
17. A. Ask their professors for help.
B. Look at school bulletin boards.
C. Visit the school careers service.
D. Go through campus newspapers.
18. A. Helping students find the books and journals they need.
B. Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.
C. Helping students arrange appointments with librarians.
D. Providing students with information about the library.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A. It tastes better.
B. It is easier to grow.
C. It may be sold at a higher price.
D. It can better survive extreme weathers.
20. A. It is healthier than green tea.
B. It can grow in drier soil.
C. It will replace green tea one day.
D. It is immune to various diseases.
21. A. It has been well received by many tea drinkers.
B. It does not bring the promised health benefits.
C. It has made tea farmers' life easier.
D. It does not have a stable market.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A. They need decorations to show their status.
B. They prefer unique objects of high quality.
C. They decorate their homes themselves.
D. They care more about environment.
23. A. They were proud of their creations.
B. They could only try to create at night.
C. They made great contributions to society.
D. They focused on the quality of their products.
24. A. Make wise choices.
B. Identify fake crafts.
C. Design handicrafts themselves.
D. Learn the importance of creation.
25. A. To boost the local economy.
B. To attract foreign investments.
C. To arouse public interest in crafts.
D. To preserve the traditional culture.
Part Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one
wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read
thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by
a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
When someone commits a criminal act, we always hope the punishment will match the
when it comes to one of the cruelest crimes--animal fighting--things26 work out that
-fighting victims are 27 and killed for profit and yet their criminal abusers
oftenreceive a28 sentence for causing a lifetime of pain. Roughly half of all federally- convicted
animalfighters only get probation (缓刑).
Some progress has been made in the prosecution (起诉) of animal fighters. But federal
judgesoften rely heavily on the U. S. Sentencing GuideLines when they29 penalties, and in the
case ofanimal fighting, those guidelines are outdated and extremely30
The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which31 these sentencing guidelines, is revisiting
them,proposing to raise the minimum sentence from 6 - 12 to 21 - 27 months. This is a step in
the right32, but we'd like to see the U. S. Sentencing Commission make further changes to the
guidelines.
Along with this effort, we're working with animal advocates and state and federal lawmakers
to33 anti-cruelty laws across the country, as well as supporting laws and policies that
assistoverburdened animal 34 that care for animal fighting victims. This help is 35
importantbecause the high cost of caring for animal victims is a major factor that prevents people
from gettinginvolved in cruelty cases in the first place.
A. convenient
B. creates
C. critically
D. determine
E. direction
F. hesitate
G. inadequate
H. inspired
I. method
J. minimal
K. rarely
L. shelters
M. strengthen
N. sufferings
O. tortured
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than paragraph is
marked with a the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2.
When Work Becomes a Game
A) What motivates employees to do their jobs well? Competition with coworkers, for some.
Thepromise of rewards, for others. Pure enjoyment of problem-solving, for a lucky few.
B) Increasingly, companies are tapping into these desires directly through what has come to
be knownas : essentially, turning work into a game. is about
understandingwhat it is that makes games engaging and what game designers do to create a
great experience ingames, and taking those learnings and applying them to other contexts such
as the workplace andeducation,
the Wharton School ofBusiness at the University of Pennsylvania in the United States.
C) It might mean monitoring employee productivity on a digital leaderboard and offering
prizes to thewinner, or giving employees digital badges or stars for completing certain activities. It
could alsomean training employees how to do their jobs through video game platforms.
Companies fromGoogle to L'Oréalto IBM to Wells Fargo are known to use some degree of
gamification in theirworkplaces. And more and more companies are joining them. A recent report
suggests that theglobal gamification market will grow from $$1.65 billion in 2015 to $$11.1 billion
by 2020.
D) The concept of gamification is not entirely new, Werbach says. Companies, marketers and
teachershave long looked for fun ways to engage people's reward- seeking or competitive spirits.
Cracker Jackshas been
100 years, headds, and the turn- of-the-century steel magnate (巨头) Charles Schwab is said to
have often comeinto his factory and written the number of tons of steel produced on the past
shift on the factoryfloor, thus motivating the next shift of workers to beat the previous one.
E) But the word and the widespread, conscious application of the concept
only beganin earnest about five years ago, Werbach says. Thanks in part to video games, the
generation nowentering the workforce is especially open to the idea of having their work
gamified.
people grew up playingvideo games, and an increasingly high percentage of adults play these
video games too,
F) A number of companies have sprung up--GamEffective, Bunchbail and Badgeville, to
name a few--in recent years offering gamification platforms for businesses. The platforms that are
most effectiveturn employees' ordinary job tasks into part of a rich adventure narrative.
makes a gamegame-like is that the player actually cares about the outcome,
principle isabout understanding what is motivating to this group of players, which requires some
understandingof psychology.
G) Some people, Werbach says, are motivated by people often fall into
thiscategory. For them, the right kind of gamification might be turning their saies pitches into
acompetition with other team members, complete with a digital leaderboard showing who is
winningat all times. Others are more motivated by collaboration and social experiences. One
companyWerbach has studied uses gamification to create a sense of community and boost
employees' morale(士气). When employees log in to their computers, they're shown a picture of
one of theircoworkers and asked to guess that person's name.
H) Gamification does not have to be digital. Monica Cornetti runs a company that gamifies
employeetrainings. Sometimes this involves technology, but often it does not. She recently
designed agamification strategy for a saies training company with a storm-chasing theme.
Employees formed
earn variousrewards.
workinghours. Another training, this one for pay roll law, used a Snow White and the Seven
Dwarfstheme. Whiteis available for everyone to use, but the are still under
copyright,so Cornetti invented sound-alike characters (Grumpy Gus, Dopey Dan) to illustrate
specific pay rolllaw principles.
I) Some people do not take naturaily to gamified work environments, Cornetti
herexperience, people in positions of power or people in finance or engineering do not tend to
like thesound of the word.
all,says. talking about a ' simulation' (模拟), I'm talking about ' being able to
solvethis problem. '
J) Gamification is not a magic bullet,Werbach warns.A gamification strategy that is
notsufficiently thought through or well tailored to its players may engage people for a little while,
but itwill not motivate people in the long term. It can also be exploitative, especially when used
withvulnerable populations. For workers, especially low-paid workers, who desperately need
their jobsyet know they can be easily replaced, gamification may feel more like the Hunger
Games. Werbachgives the example of several Disneyland hotels in Anaheim, Caiifornia, which
used large digital leaderboards to display how efficiently laundry workers were working
compared to one employees found the board motivating. To others, it was the
opposite of fun. Some began tostop taking bathroom breaks, worried that if their productivity fell
they would be fired. Pregnantemployees struggled to keep up. In a Los Angeles Times article, one
employee referred to the boardas a whip. actually had a very negative effect on
morale and performance,
K) Still, gamification only stands to become more popular, he says, more and more
people comeinto the workforce who are familiar with the structures and expressions of digitai
games. arefar from reaching the peak,Cornetti agrees. is no reason this will go
away.
36. Some famous companies are already using gamification and more are trying to do the
same.
37. Gamification is not a miracle cure for all workplaces as it may have negative results.
38. To enhance morale, one company asks its employees to identify their fellow workers
when startingtheir computers.
39. The idea of gamification was practiced by some businesses more than a century ago.
40. There is reason to believe that gamification will be here to stay.
41. Video games contributed in some ways to the wide application of gamification.
42. When turning work into a game, it is necessary to understand what makes games