spiritual英语中的各种从句(荐)

2021年1月9日发(作者：王光英)
1宾语从句
宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语，某些形容词的宾语以及
非谓语动词的宾语。
①及物动词后的宾语从句：
She will give whoever needs help a warm support……任何需要帮助的
人……
I wonder why she refused my invitation……她为什么拒绝了我的邀请
②介词后的宾语从句：
I always think of how I can improve my spoken English.我总是在思考
如何提高我的口语水平。
The teacher is satisfied with what she has said. 老师对他所说的话很
满意。
③某些形容词后的宾语从句：
I am sure that you will make greater progress in English through hard
work.
……通过努力工作，你将取得更大的进步
We are surprised that he has left without saying goodbye to us…….他
没有告别就走了
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：
anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,
worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt,
satisfied, content 等
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在
句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month.
2表语从句

(1)引导表语从句表原因，只能用because，不可用as，since：
This is because he loves arts.这是因为他热爱艺术。
(2)主句主语是reason时，表语从句引导词用that，不用because：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the first bus.他迟到的原因是
没赶上头班车。

3同位语从句 < br>在句中作某一名词的同位语。一般位于该词(如news，fact，idea，suggestion，
promise，information，order，hope，truth，question等 )之后，说明其具体内
容。
I have no idea when he will be back.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
(when he will be back作名词idea的同位语)
名词性从句的难点
1 that的省略问题
连接词that 不能省略的情况:
1) and连接两个宾语从句,that 引导的宾语从句放在and后时不能省略.
2)that 引导的宾语从句作介词but/except的宾语时.
3)that 引导主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及that 引导的从句放在句首
时.
4)主句谓语动词与that从句中有插入语时.
除了他来自南方之外,我们对他一无所知.
We know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
他病倒了使我们很担心.
That he had fallen ill made us worried.
（1）He said (that) he couldn’t tell you right away and that you wouldn’t
understand.
（2）He said (that) he couldn’t tell you right away and you wouldn’t understand.
（1）Just then I noticed, for the first time, our master was wearing his fine green
coat.
（2）Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our
master was wearing his fine green coat.


2 what 与that 在引导名词性从句时的区别


what 引导名词性从句时在从句中1）充当句子成分（主、宾、表）；2）本身有
词义。
that
1）只起连接作用；2）本身没有词义；3）不在从句中担任成分。
1) _______ you said yesterday is right.

2) ______ she is still alive is a puzzle.

3.引导词if和whether的区别
whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if所取代
(1)引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当用whether，不用if，如：
Whether our team will win remains a problem.
Whether he will come, I am not sure.
(2)引导表语从句用whether，不用if，如：
The question is whether you have enough money now
(3) 引导同位语从句用whether，不用if，如：
The news whether they will attend the party is not known yet.
(4)whether可以直接和动词不定式连用，而if则不能，如：
I didn’t know whether to wait or to leave.
Mike hasn’t decided whether to make a telephone call or not.
(5) whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而if则不能，如：
I’m not interested in whether they’ll come or not.