ago流利说商务英语 Level 6 Unit 2 Part 5(一)Incoterms

2021年1月9日发(作者：范国声)
流利说商务英语 Level 6 Unit 2 Part 5（一）Incoterms
Incoterms（International Commercial Terms）国际贸易术语
Incoterms, or International Commercial Terms, are rules which describe the
responsibilities of buyers and sellers when delivering goods.
They determine which costs should be paid by whom.
These cost include loading and unloading, insurance, carriage, and customs
clearance.
Here are a few common incoterms used today.

EXW= Ex Works 工厂交货
Under Ex Works terms, the seller makes the goods available at a designated location,
normally at the seller's factory or depot.
Once the goods are placed at the buyer's disposal, the buyer shall be responsible for
all costs and risks related to them, such as transport costs, loading costs and
insurance.
EXW terms are favorable to the seller as it poses minimum obligation to them.

FOB= Free on Board [水运] 船上交货价，离岸价格
Under Free on Board terms, the seller bears all costs and risks that are related to
getting the goods to the port and onto the ship.
Once the goods are loaded, the risk of the loss or damage to the goods will be
transferred to the buyer.
In most countries, FOB is only used for transport by waterway.

Rules which determine whether a buyer or seller must incur a particular cost are
called incoterms.
Under Ex Works terms, they buyer bears all of the transport costs.
What cost does the buyer bear under Free on Board terms? marine transport and
the unloading of goods.
It's imperative for traders to understand the obligations that come with the use of a
certain incoterm.
Ex Works terms put maximum responsibility on the buyer with minimum
responsibility on the seller.
If traders are using FOB terms, the buyer assumes the risk after cargo is on board.

CFR=Cost and Freight [贸易] 成本加运费价（简称C.&F.）
Under Cost and Freight terms, the seller is responsible for transporting the goods to
the importer's port.
This means the seller must pay all the charges of shipment until the goods arrive at the
port of destination.
However, the seller is not responsible for any loss or damage to the goods that occurs
in shipping.
The risk will be passed to the buyer when the goods are on board the vessel.