miserable流利说6级1节2单元课文翻译

2021年1月9日发(作者：江衡)
Now that you're studying English at a high level, you need to be able to talk about the language itself.
既然你正在高水平地学习英语，你就需要能够谈论英语本身。
One of the biggest areas of confusion for students is the difference between the past tense and the perfect form.对学
生来说，最大的困惑之一是过去式和完美式之间的差异。
past tense is indicated by use of the past tense marker represented here by v sub d.
过去时态用过去时态标记表示，这里用v sub d表示。
Here are some examples of regular verbs in the past tense forms.这里有一些过去式中规则动词
So as you can see for regular verbs, the past tense form is indicated by the addition of an ed
如你所见，对于常规动词，过去时态是由一个ed表示的
and however, some of the most common verbs in English are irregular, so it is important to learn them.
然而，英语中一些最常见的动词是不规则的，所以学习它们很重要。
Here are some examples. Altogether, there are over 200 regular verbs in normal use.
这里有一些例子。共有200多个常用动词。
Many people think that the past tense form only indicates past time.许多人认为过去式只表示过去时间。
However, that is only one of the possible meanings. 然而，这只是其中一个可能的含义
The past tense form is also used to express something that is unlikely or imaginary from the speaker's point of view.过
去时态也用来表达说话者认为不太可能或虚构的东西。
Here is an example. He wishes he had a car.这是一个例子。他希望他有车。
The fact is that he doesn't have a car.事实是他没有车。
So the use of head indicates that it isn't real. It's imaginary.所以头部的使用表明它不是真的这是虚构
If he had a car, he could drive us to school again.如果他有车，他可以再开车送我们去学校。
He doesn't have a car, so he can't drive us to school.他没有车，所以不能开车送我们上学。
Condition expresses something that isn't a fact.表达的不是事实。
It's a counter factual condition, which means it goes against what we know or believe.
这是一个反事实的条件，这意味着它违背了我们所知道或相信的。
Look at these two sentences. Both sentences are correct, but there is a difference in meaning.
看这两句话。这两个句子都是对的，但意思不同。
In the Top sentence, the condition that she waits is more likely from the speaker's point of view.
在最上面的一句话中，从说话者的角度来看，她等待的条件更有可能。
In the bottom sentence, the speaker thinks it's less likely that she's going to wait.
在最后一句话中，演讲者认为她不太可能等待。
look at these two sentences. If he waits another week, she can save money.
看这两句话。如果他再等一周，她就可以省钱了。
If she waited another week, she could save money because there's going to be a sale.
如果她再等一个星期，她就可以省钱了，因为要打折了。
When we talk about experience or results, we use the present perfect form.当我们谈论经验或结果时，使用现在完
This form uses have followed by the participle.这种形式的用法后面跟着分词。
For regular verbs. This participle is identical to the past tense form.对于常规动词。这个分词与过去式形式相同。
For irregular verbs, this participle is often different.对于不规则动词，这个分词通常是不同的。
In these two examples, we see the contrast.在这两个例子中，我们看到了对比。
The Top sentence gives the condition or state of the subject.句首给出了主语的条件或状态。
And the bottom sentence expresses an event.下面的句子表达了一个事件。
The Top sentence describes the condition of the subject of the sentence, she rather than an event.
上面的句子描述的是句子主体的状态，她而不是一个事件。
The fact that she has left the hotel is now part of her experience or state of being.
她已经离开旅馆这一事实，现在已成为她的经历或生存状态的一部分。
The bottom sentence expresses the action or event she left, which is something she did.
下面的句子表达了她离开的动作或事件，这是她做的事情。
In general. The past tense form expresses events or acts, and the perfect form expresses experience or when we use them. in
high school, John wasn't a very good student. In fact, he was one of the worst students. When it came time to go to university.
Nobody expected him to pass the entrance examination. However, he proved them wrong and did well enough to get into a Top
university. He enjoyed his studies and graduated a few months ago. Now that he has graduated, he's ready to get a job.一般来
说。过去式表示事件或行为，而完美式表示经验或当我们使用它们时。在高中，约翰 不是一个很好的学生。事实上，他是最差的学生之
一。到了上大学的时候。没人指望他能通过入学考试。 然而，他证明了他们的错误，并做得很好，进入一所顶尖大学。他很喜欢学习，
几个月前就毕业了。现在 他已经毕业了，他已经准备好找工作了。
Look at the past form.看看过去的表格。
Expresses events at specific points or periods of time such as last year or the past five years.
表示特定时间点或时期的事件，如去年或过去五年。
These events are distanced from the speaker's point of view form expresses the state of something from the speakers这
些事件与说话者的观点相距甚远，形式表达了说话者的某种状态
Here are some sentences that use the perfect form. Some are simple, such as the first one, and some are complex, like
the last one.下面是一些使用完美形式的句子。有些是简单的，比如第一个，有些是复杂的，比如最后一
The last one is complex, because it combines many verb forms, including the passive Complete the sentence.最后一个
是复杂的，因为它结合了许多动词形式，包括被动句完成句子。
he may have taken his computer with him, but I'm not sure if he did or not.他可能带了电脑，但我不确定他是否带
The weather has gotten worse. He has practiced hard. So he should do well in the competition.
天气变得更糟了。他练得很努力。所以他应该在比赛中取得好成绩。
His computer was taken in for repair last week. So it should be ready soon.
他的电脑上周被人拿去修理了。所以应该很快就准备好了。