关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

candy(完整版)2018年英语专业八级真题

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-10 21:26
tags:英语考试, 外语学习

diplomacy-拜托了

2021年1月10日发(作者:薛扯镐)
QUESTION BOOKLET
试卷用后随即销毁。
严禁保留、出版或复印。



TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)
-GRADE EIGHT-


TIME LIMIIT:150 MIN


PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]


SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini- lecture. You will hear the lecture
ONCE ONLY
. While
listening to mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure you fill in is both grammatically and
semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.
You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your
work.


SECTION B INTERVIEW

I
n this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At
the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the
questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During
the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best answer to each
question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.

Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.
Now listen to the interview.

1. A. Announcement of results.
B. Lack of a time schedule.
C. Slowness in ballots counting.
D. Direction of the electoral events.


2. A. Other voices within Afghanistan wanted so.
B. The date had been set previously.
C. All the ballots had been counted.
D. The UN advised them to do so.


3. A. To calm the voters.
B. To speed up the process.
C. To stick to the election rules.
D. To stop complaints from the labor.


4. A. Unacceptable.
B. Unreasonable.
C. Insensible.
D. Ill considered.


5. A. Supportive.
B. Ambivalent.
C. Opposed.
D. Neutral.



Now listening to Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.


6. A. Ensure the government includes all parties.
B. Discuss who is going to be the winner.
C. Supervise the counting of votes.
D. Seek support from important sectors.

7. A. 36%-24%.
B. 46%-34%.
C. 56%-44%.
D. 66%-54%.

8. A. Both candidates.
B. Electoral institutions.
C. The United Nations.
D. Not specified.


9. A. It was unheard of.
B. It was on a small scale.
C. It was insignificant.
D. It occurred elsewhere.


10. A. Problems in the electoral process.
B. Formation of a new government.
C. Premature announcement of results.
D. Democracy in Afghanistan.


PART Ⅱ READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

In this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each
multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.


PASSAGE ONE

(1) “Britain’s best export,” I was told by the Department of Immigration in Canberra, “is
people.” Close on 100,000 people have applied for assisted passages in the first five months of
the year, and half of these are eventually expected to migrate to Australia.
(2) The Australian are delighted. They are keenly ware that without a strong flow of
immigrants into the workforce the development of the Australian economy is unlikely to
proceed at the ambitious pace currently envisaged. The new mineral discoveries promise a
splendid future, and the injection of huge amounts of American and British capital should help
to ensure that they are properly exploited, but with unemployment in Australia down to less
than 1.3 per cent, the government is understandably anxious to attract more skilled labor.
(3) Australia is roughly the same size as the continental United States, but has only twelve
million inhabitants. Migration has accounted for half the population increase in the last four
years, and has contributed greatly to the country’s impressive economic development. Britain
has always been the principal source – ninety per cent of Australians are of British descent, and
Britain has provided one million migrants since the Second World War.
(4) Australia has also given great attention to recruiting people elsewhere. Australians
decided they had an excellent potential source of applicants among the so-called “guest workers”
who have crossed their own frontiers to work in other arts of Europe. There were estimated to
be more than four million of them, and a large number were offered subsidized passages and
guaranteed jobs in Australia. Italy has for some years been the second biggest source of
migrants, and the Australians have also managed to attract a large number of Greeks and
Germans.
(5) One drawback with them, so far as the Australians are concerned, is that integration
tends to be more difficult. Unlike the British, continental migrants have to struggle with an
unfamiliar language and new customs. Many naturally gravitate towards the Italian or Greek
communities which have grown up in cities such as Sydney and Melbourne. These colonies
have their own newspapers, their own shops, and their own clubs. Their habitants are not
Australians, but Europeans.
(6) The government’s avowed aim, however, is to maintain “a substantially homogeneous
society into which newcomers, from whatever sources, will merge themselves”. By and large,
therefore, Australia still prefers British migrants, and tends to be rather less selective in their
case than it is with others.
(7) A far bigger cause of concerns than the growth of national groups, however, is the
increasing number of migrants who return to their countries of origin. One reason is that people
nowadays tend to be more mobile, and that it is easier than in the past to save the return fare,
but economic conditions also have something to do with it. A slower rate of growth invariably
produces discontent – and if this coincides with greater prosperity in Europe, a lot of people
tend to feel that perhaps they were wrong to come here after all.
(8) Several surveys have been conducted recently into the reasons why people go home.
One noted that “flies, dirt, and outside lavatories” were on the list of complaints from British
immigrants, and added that many people also complained about “the crudity, bad manners, and
unfriendliness of the Australians”. Another survey gave climate conditions, homesickness, and
“the stark appearance of the Australian countryside” as the main reasons for leaving.
(9) Most British migrants miss council housing the National Health scheme, and their
relatives and former neighbor. Loneliness is a big factor, especially among housewives. The
men soon make new friends at work, but wives tend to find it much harder to get used to a
different way of life. Many are housebound because of inadequate public transport in most
outlying suburbs, and regular correspondence with their old friends at home only serves to
increase their discontent. One housewife was quoted recently as saying: “I even find I miss the
people I used to hate at home.”
(10) Rent are high, and there are long waiting lists for Housing Commission homes.
Sickness can be an expensive business and the climate can be unexpectedly rough. The gap
between Australian and British wage packets is no longer big, and people are generally expected
to work harder here than they do at home. Professional men over forty often have difficulty in
finding a decent job. Above all, perhaps, skilled immigrants often finds a considerable
reluctance to accept their qualifications.
(11) According to the journal Australian Manufacturer, the attitude of many employers and
fellow workers is anything but friendly. “We Australians,” it stated in a recent issue, “are just
too fond of painting the rosy picture of the big, warm-hearted Aussie. As a matter of fact, we
are so busy blowing our own trumpets that we have not not time to be warm-hearted and
considerate. Go down “heart-break alley” among some of the migrants and find out just how
expansive the Aussie is to his immigrants.”




11. The Australians want a strong flow of immigrants because .
A. Immigrants speed up economic expansion
B. unemployment is down to a low figure
C. immigrants attract foreign capital
D. Australia is as large as the United States

12. Australia prefers immigrants from Britain because .
A. they are selected carefully before entry
B. they are likely to form national groups
C. they easily merge into local communities
D. they are fond of living in small towns

13. In explaining why some migrants return to Europe the author .
A. stresses their economic motives
B. emphasizes the variety of their motives
C. stresses loneliness and homesickness
D. emphasizes the difficulties of men over forty

14. which of the following words is used literally, not metaphorically?
A. “flow” (Para. 2).
B. “injection” (Para. 2).
C. “gravitate” (Para. 5).
D. “selective” (Para. 6).

15. Para. 11 pictures the Australians as .
A. unsympathetic
B. ungenerous
C. undemonstrative
D. unreliable

PASSAGE TWO

(1) Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance at tasks involving
“executive function” (which involves the brain’s ability to plan and prioritize), better defense
against dementia in old age and—the obvious—the ability to speak a second language. One
purported advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different
personalities, or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.
(2) It’s an exciting notion, the idea that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery
of two or more languages. In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth)
the self really is broadened. Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different
personality when using a different language. A former Economist colleague, for example,
reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?
(3) Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language
encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers. Often called “Whorfianism”,
this idea has its sceptics, but there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.
(4) This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second
language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one
language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually
have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always
best in their first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less
likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong
answer) than when tested in their native language. In part this is because working in a second
language slows down the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And
no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in
the language they were reared in from childhood.
(5) What of “crib” bilinguals, raised in two languages? Even they do not usually have
perfectly symmetrical competence in their two languages. But even for a speaker whose two
languages are very nearly the same in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel
different in the two languages. This is because there is an important distinction between
bilingualism and biculturalism.
(6) Many bilinguals are not bicultural. But some are. And of those bicultural bilinguals, we
should be little surprised that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in
psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect
behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better
mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than
English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of
family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and
work.
(7) So there are two very good reasons (asymmetrical ability, and priming) that make people
feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument,
though. An economist recently interviewed here at Prospero, Athanasia Chalari, said for
example that:
Greeks are very loud and they interrupt each other very often. The reason for that is the
Greek grammar and syntax. When Greeks talk they begin their sentences with verbs and the
form of the verb includes a lot of information so you already know what they are talking about
after the first word and can interrupt more easily.
(8) Is there something intrinsic to the Greek language that encourages Greeks to interrupt?
People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages' inherent properties, and how they
influence their speakers. A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-
flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly
unmatchable rigor and precision. Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the
end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. But language myths are not always
self-flattering: many speakers think their languages are unusually illogical or difficult—witness
the plethora of books along the lines of
on a parkway; English must be the craziest language in the world!We also see some
unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes and self-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German,
logical; English, playful. Of course.
(9) In this case, Ms Chalari, a scholar, at least proposed a specific and plausible line of
causation from grammar to personality: in Greek, the verb comes first, and it carries a lot of
information, hence easy interrupting. The problem is that many unrelated languages all around
the world put the verb at the beginning of sentences. Many languages all around the world are
heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs. It would be a striking finding if all of
these unrelated languages had speakers more prone to interrupting each other. Welsh, for
example, is also both verb- first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not
known as pushy conversationalists.

16. According to the author, which of the following advantages of bilingualism is commonly
accepted?
A. Personality improvement.
B. Better task performance.
C. Change of worldviews.
D. Avoidance of old-age disease.

17. According to the passage, that language influences thought may be related to .
A. the vocabulary of a second language
B. the grammar of a second language
C. the improved test performance in a second language
D. the slowdown of thinking in a second language
18. What is the author’s response to the question at the beginning of Para. 8?
A. It’s just one of the popular tales of national stereotypes.
B. Some properties inherent can make a language logical.
C. German and French are good examples of Whorfianism.
D. There is adequate evidence to support a positive answer.

19. Which of the following statements concerning Para. 9 is correct?
A. Ms. Chalari’s theory about the Greek language is well grounded.
B. Speakers of many other languages are also prone to interrupting.
C. Grammar is unnecessarily a condition for change in personality.
D. Many unrelated languages don’t have the same features as Greek.

20. In discussing the issue, the author’s attitude is .
A. satirical
B. objective
C. critical
D. ambivalent

PASSAGE THREE

(1) Once across the river and into the wholesale district, she glanced about her for some
likely door at which to apply. As she contemplated the wide windows and imposing signs, she
became conscious of being gazed upon and understood for what she was-a wage-seeker. She
had never done this thing before, and lacked courage. To avoid a certain indefinable shame she

kindred-huc


出生-butterworth


永远英文-不需要


窥视-skillet


trimmed-foreignkey


amiable-烟熏


equally-nonverbal


talking-find过去式



本文更新与2021-01-10 21:26,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/507565.html

(完整版)2018年英语专业八级真题的相关文章