concept2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题详细解析第三套

2021年1月10日发(作者：寿震华)





Part I
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）






(30 minutes) Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying
“Help others,and you will be helped when you are in need” you can cite examples to illustrate



your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.






(30 minutes) Part II Listening Comprehension




说明：由于 2017 年 12 月六级考试全国共考了 2 套听力，本套真题听力与前 2 套听力内
容完全一致，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。






(40 minutes) Part III
Section A
Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Many European countries have been making the shift to electric vehicles and Germany has
just stated that they plan to ban the sale of vehicles using gasoline and diesel as fuel by 2030. The
country is also planning to reduce its carbon footprint by 80-95% by 2050, ___26___ a shift to
green energy in the country. Effectively, the ban will include the registration of new cars in the
country as they will not allow any gasoline ___27___ vehicle to be registered after 2030.
Part of the reason this ban is being discussed and ___28___ is because energy officials see
that they will not reach their emissions goals by 2050 if they do not ___29___ a large portion of
vehicle emissions. The country is still ___30___ that it will meet its emissions goals, like reducing
emissions by 40% by 2020, but the ___31___ of electric cars in the country has not occurred as
fast as expected.

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Other efforts to increase the use of electric vehicles include plans to build over 1 million
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
hybrid and electric car battery charging stations across the country. By 2030, Germany plans on
having over 6 million charging stations ___32___. According to the International Business Times,
electric car sales are expected to increase as Volkswagen is still recovering from its emissions
scandal.
There are ___33___ around 155,000 registered hybrid and electric vehicles on German roads,
dwarfed by the 45 million gasoline and diesel cars driving there now. As countries continue setting
goals of reducing emissions, greater steps need to be taken to have a ___34___ effect on the
surrounding environment. While the efforts are certainly not ___35___, the results of such bans

will likely only start to be seen by generations down the line, bettering the world for the future.

A) acceptance
B) currently
C) disrupting
E)exhaust
F) futile
G) hopeful
H) implemented
I)incidentally
J) installed
K) noticeable
L) powered
M) restoration
N) skeptical
O) sparking

D) eliminate
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived, You may choose a, paragraph more than once. Each paragraph
is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 2.
Apple’s Stance Highlights a More Confrontational Teach Industry
A) The battle between Apple and law enforcement officials over unlocking a terrorist’s
smartphone is the culmination of a slow turning of the tables between the technology industry and
the United States government.
B) After revelations by the former National Security Agency contractor Edward J. Snowden in
2013 that the government both cozied up to (讨好) certain tech companies and hacked into others
to gain access to private data on an enormous scale, tech giants began to recognize the United
States government as a hostile actor. But if the confrontation has crystallized in this latest battle, it
may already be heading toward a predictable conclusion: In the long run, the tech companies are
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destined to emerge victorious.
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
C) It may not seem that way at the moment. On the one side, you have the United States
government’s mighty legal and security apparatus fighting for data of the most sympathetic sort:
the secrets buried in a dead mass murderer’s phone. The action stems from a federal court order
issued on Tuesday requiring Apple to help the Federal Bureau of Investigation (F.B.I) to unlock an
iPhone used by one of the two attackers who killed 14 people in San Bernardino, California, in
December.
D) In the other corner is the world’s most valuable company, whose chief executive, Timothy D.
Cook, has said he will appeal the court’s order. Apple argues that it is fighting to preserve a
principle that most of us who are addicted to our smartphones can defend: Weaken a single iPhone
so that its contents can be viewed by the American government and you risk weakening all
iPhones for any government intruder, anywhere.
E) There will probably be months of legal tussling, and it is not at all clear which side will prevail
in court, nor in the battle for public opinion and legislative favor. Yet underlying all of this is a
simple dynamic: Apple, Google, Facebook and other companies hold most of the cards in this
confrontation. They have our data, and their businesses depend on the global public’s collective
belief that they will do everything they can to protect that data.
F) Any crack in that front could be fatal for tech companies that must operate worldwide. If Apple
is forced to open up an iPhone for an American law enforcement investigation, what is to prevent
it from doing so for a request from the Chinese or the Iranians? If Apple is forced to write code
that lets the F.B.I. get into the Phone 5c used by Syed Rizwan Farook, the male attacker in the San
Bernardino attack, who would be responsible if some hacker got hold of that code and broke into
its other devices?
G) Apple’s stance on these issues emerged post- Snowden, when the company started putting in
place a series of technologies that, by default, make use of encryption to limit access to people’s
data. More than that, Apple - and, in different ways, other tech companies, including Google,
Facebook, Twitter and Microsoft - have made their opposition to the government’s claims a point
of corporate pride.
H) Apple’s emerging global brand is privacy; it has staked its corporate reputation, not to mention
the investment of considerable technical and financial resources, on limiting the sort of mass
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surveillance that was uncovered by Mr. Snowden. So now, for many cases involving governmental
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
intrusions into data, once-lonely privacy advocates find themselves fighting alongside the most
powerful company in the world.
I) “A comparison point is in the 1990s battles over encryption,” said Kurt Opsahl, general
counsel of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy watchdog group. “Then you had a few
companies involved, but not one of the largest companies in the world coming out with a lengthy
and impassioned post, like we saw yesterday from Tim Cook. The profile has really been raised.”
J) Apple and other tech companies hold another ace: the technical means to keep making their
devices more and more inaccessible. Note that Apple’s public opposition to the government’s
request is itself a hindrance to mass government intrusion. And to get at the contents of a single
iPhone, the government says it needs a court order and Apple’s help to write new code; in earlier
versions of the iPhone, ones that were created before Apple found religion on (热衷于 ) privacy,
the F.B.I. may have been able to break into the device by itself.
K) You can expect that noose ( 束 缚 ) to continue to tighten. Experts said that whether or not
Apple loses this specific case, measures that it could put into place in the future will almost
certainly be able to further limit the government’s reach.
L) That’s not to say that the outcome of the San Bernardino case is insignificant. As Apple and
several security experts have argued, an order compelling Apple to write software that gives the
F.B.I. access to the iPhone in question would establish an unsettling precedent. The order
essentially asks Apple to hack its own devices, and once it is in place, the precedent could be used
to justify law enforcement efforts to get around encryption technologies in other investigations far
removed from national security threats.
M) Once armed with a method for gaining access to iPhones, the government could ask to use it
proactively ( 先 发 制 人 地 ), before a suspected terrorist attack - leaving Apple in a bind as to
whether to comply or risk an attack and suffer a public-relations nightmare. “This is a brand-new
salvo in the war against encryption,” Mr. Opsahl said.“We’ve had plenty of debates in Congress
and the media over whether the government should have a backdoor, and this is an end run around
that - here they come with an order to create that backdoor.”
N) Yet it’s worth noting that even if Apple ultimately loses this case, it has plenty of technical
means to close a backdoor over time.“If they’re anywhere near worth their salt as engineers, I bet
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
they’re rethinking their threat model as we speak,” said Jonathan Zdziarski, a digital forensic
expert who studies the iPhone and its vulnerabilities.
O) One relatively simple fix, Mr. Zdziarski said, would be for Apple to modify future versions of
the iPhone to require a user to enter a passcode before the phone will accept the sort of modified
operating system that the F.B.I. wants Apple to create. That way, Apple could not unilaterally
introduce a code that weakens the iPhone — a user would have to consent to it.
P) “Nothing is 100 percent hacker-proof,” Mr. Zdziarski said, but he pointed out that the judge’s
order in this case required Apple to provide “reasonable security assistance” to unlock Mr.
Farook’s phone. If Apple alters the security model of future iPhones so that even its own
engineers’ “reasonable assistance” will not be able to crack a given device when compelled by the
government, a precedent set in this case might lose its lasting force. In other words, even if the
F.B.I. wins this case, in the long run, it loses.
36. It is a popular belief that tech companies are committed to protecting their customers’ private
data.
37. The US government believes that its access to people’s iPhones could be used to prevent
terrorist attacks.
38. A federal court asked Apple to help the FBI access data in a terrorist’s iPhone.
39. Privacy advocates now have Apple fighting alongside them against government access to
personal data.
40. Snowden revealed that the American government had tried hard to access private data in
massive scale.
41. The FBI might have been able to access private data in earlier iPhones without Apple’s help.
42. After the Snowden incident, Apple made clear its position to counter government intrusion into
personal data by means of encryption.
43. According to one digital expert, no iPhone can be entirely free from hacking.
44. Timothy Cook’s long web post has helped enhance Apple’s image.
45. Apple’s CEO has decided to appeal the federal court’s order to unlock a user’s iPhone.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
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unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
Question 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
At the base of a mountain in Tanzania’s Gregory Rift, Lake Natron burns bright red,
surrounded by the remains of animals that were unfortunate enough to fall into the salty water.
Bats, swallows and more are chemically preserved in the pose in which they perished, sealed in
the deposits of sodium carbonate in the water. The lake’s landscape is bizarre and deadly- and
made even more so by the fact that it’s the place where nearly 75percent of the world’s
flamingos(火烈鸟) are born.
The water is so corrosive that it can burn the skin and eyes of unadapted animals. Flamingos,
however, are the only species that actually makes life in the midst of all that death. Once every
three or four years, when conditions are right, the lake is covered with the pink birds as they stop
flight to breed. Three –quarters of the world’s flamingos fly over from other salt lakes in the Rift
Valley and nest on salt- crystal islands that appear when the water is at specific level- too high and
the birds can’t build their nests, too low and predators can more briskly across the lake bed and
attack. When the water hits the right level, the baby birds are kept safe from predators by a
corrosive ditch.
“Flamingos have evolved very leathery skin on their legs so they can tolerate the salt water,”
says David Harper, a professor at the University of Leicester. “ Humans cannot, and would die if
their legs were exposed for any length of time.” So far this year, water levels have been too high
for the flamingos to nest.
Some fish, too, have had limited success vacationing at the lake as less salty lagoons (泻湖)
form on the outer edges from hot springs flowing into Lake Natron. Three species of tilapia (罗非
鱼 ) thrive there part-time. “Fish have a refuge in the streams and can expand into the lagoons
when the lake is low and the lagoons are separate,” Harper said. “All the lagoons join when the
lake is high and fish must retreat to their stream refuges or die.” Otherwise, no fish are able to
survive in the naturally toxic lake.
This unique ecosystem may soon be under pressure. The Tanzanian government has once
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again started mining the lake for soda ash, used for making chemicals, glass and detergents.
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
Although the planned operation will be located more than 40 miles away, drawing the soda ash in
through pipelines, conservationists worry it could still upset the natural water cycle and breeding
grounds. For now, though, life prevails – even in a lake that kills almost everything it touches.
46. What can we learn about Lake Natron?
A) It is simply uninhabitable for most animals.
B) It remains little known to the outside world.
C) It is a breeding ground for a variety of birds.
D) It makes an ideal habitat for lots of predators.
gos nest only when the lake water is at a specific level so that their babies can ______.
A)find safe shelter more easily
B)grow thick feathers on their feet
C)stay away from predators
D)get accustomed to the salty water
gos in the Rift Valley are unique in that _______.
A)they can move swiftly across lagoons
B)they can survive well in salty water
C)they breed naturally in corrosive ditches
D)they know where and when to nest
can certain species of tilapia sometimes survive around Lake Natron?
A)They can take refuge in the less salty waters.
B)They can flee quick enough from predators.
C)They can move freely from lagoon to lagoon.
D)They can stand the heat of the spring water.
may be the consequence of Tanzanian government’s planned operation?
A)The accelerated extinction of flamingos.
B)The change of flamingos’ migration route.
C)The overmining of Lake Natron’s soda ash.
D)The disruption of Lake Natron’s ecosystem.
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
It is the season for some frantic last-minute math across the country, employees of all stripe
are counting backward in an attempt to figure out just how much paid time-off they have left it
their reserves. More of them, though, will skip those calculations altogether and just power
through the holidays into 2017: More than half of American workers don’t use up all of their
allotted vacation days each year.
Not so long ago, people would have turned up their noses at that kind of dedication to the job.
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As marketing professors Silvia Bellezza, Neeru Paharia, and Anat Keinan recently explained in
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
Harvard Business Review (HBR), leisure time was once seen as an indicator of high social status,
something attainable only for those at the top. Since the middle of the 20th century, though, things
have turned the opposite way – these days, punishing hours at your desk, rather than days off, are
seen as the mark of someone important.
In a series of several experiments, the researchers illustrated just how much we’ve come to
admire busyness, or at least the appearance of it. Volunteers read two passages, on about a man
who led a life of leisure and another about a man who was over-worked and over –scheduled;
when asked to determine which of the two had a higher social status, the majority of the
participants said the latter. The same held true for people who used products that implied they
were short on time: In one experiment, for example, customers of the grocery- delivery service
Peapod were seen as of higher status than people who shopped at grocery stores that were equally
expensive; in another, people wearing wireless headphones were considered further up on the
social ladder than those wearing regular headphones, even when both were just used to listen to
music.
In part,the authors wrote in pattern may have to do with the way work itself has
changed over the past several decades.
We think that the shift from leisure-as-status to business-as-status may be linked to the
development of knowledge- intensive economics. In such economies,individuals who possess the
human capital characteristics that employers or clients value (ence and ambition) are
expected to be in high demand and short supply on the job ，by telling others that we
are busy and working all the time, we are implicitly suggesting that we are sought after, which
enhances our perceived status.
Even if you feel tempted to sacrifice your own vacation days for fake busyness, though, at
least consider leaving your weekends 's for your own good.
51. What do most employees plan to do towards the end of the year?
A) Go for a vacation.
B) Keep on working.
C) Set an objective for next year.
D) Review the year’s achievements.
would people view dedication to work in the past?
A) They would regard it as a matter of course.
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B) They would consider it a must for success.
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
C) They would look upon it with contempt.
D) They would deem it a trick of businessmen.
53. What did the researchers find through a series of experiments?
A) The busier one appears, the more respect one earns.
B) The more one works, the more one feels exploited.
C) The more knowledge one has, the more competent one will be.
D) The higher one’s status, the more vacation time one will enjoy.
54. What may account for the change of people’s attitude towards being busy?
A) The fast pace of life in modern society.
B) The fierce competition in the job market.
C) The widespread use of computer technology.
D) The role of knowledge in modern economy.
does the author advise us to do at the end of the passage ?
A) Schedule our time properly for efficiency.
B) Plan our weekends in a meaningful way.
C) Find time to relax however busy we are.



D) Avoid appearing busy when we are not.



Translation



(30 minutes) Part Ⅳ
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
青海湖位于海拔 3205 米、青海省省会西宁以西约 100 公里处。是中国最大的咸水湖,










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面积 4317 平方公里最深处 25.5 米,有 23 条河注入湖中,其中大部分是季节性的。百分之八十
的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把
青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地,湖的西侧是著名的鸟岛”,吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。
每年夏天，游客们也来这里观看国际自行车比赛。



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Part I
参考范文:
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2017 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题（第三套）
参考答案及解析

(30 minutes) Writing
Help Others and You will be Helped When You Are in Need
The rapid development of today's society has aroused a heated discussion as to whether we
should help others in the society. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different
walks of life, among which there goes a well-known saying: “Help others and you will be helped
when you are in need”, suggesting that we should try to help others kindly.
l totally agree with this saying for the reasons presented below. First,it is good for the whole
society because if everyone in the society can give a hand to each other, it is more likely that the
society will become more ,it is good for the person himself/ herself. For example,
if a person tries to help others when they have trouble, when he needs help, he can get help from
other people. so l totally agree with this saying.
From my perspective, it is crucial that modern education should encourage people to support
each other. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of helping each





other. Only in this way can they build a harmonious society.
【写作点拨】
范文开宗明义，首段指出帮助别人就是帮助自己的道理。第二段通过详细阐述原因，说
明帮助别人的意义，最后总结全文，升华主题。
重点词汇：
different walks of life

生活中的不同领域
arise a heated discussion
well-known 众所周知的
crucial 关键的

引起热烈的讨论



harmonious 和谐的



Reading Comprehension



(40 minutes) Part III

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Section A
【篇章译文】