feature专业英语四级 78

2021年1月11日发(作者：虞安吉)

专业英语四级-78

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、READING COMPREHENSION(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
二、TEXT A(总题数：3，分数：25.00)

In the case of Archimedes, although he made many wonderful discoveries of diverse kinds, yet of
them all, the following, which I shall relate, seems to have been the result of a boundless
ingenuity. Hiero, after gaining the royal power in Syracuse, resolved, as a consequence of his
successful exploits, to place in a certain temple a golden crown which he had vowed to the immortal
gods. He contracted for its making at a fixed price, and weighed out a precise amount of gold
to the contractor. At the appointed time the latter delivered to the kings satisfaction an
exquisitely finished piece of handiwork, and it appeared that in weight the crown corresponded
precisely to what the gold had weighed.
But afterwards a charge was made that gold had been abstracted and an equivalent weight of silver
had been added in the manufacture of the crown. Hiero, thinking it an outrage that he had been
tricked, and yet not knowing how to detect the theft, requested Archimedes to consider the matter.
The latter, while the case was still on his mind, happened to go to the bath, and on getting into
a tub observed that the more his body sank into it the more water ran out over the tub. As this

transported
pointed out the way to explain the case in question, without a moments delay, and
with joy, he jumped out of the tub and rushed home naked, crying with a loud voice that he had
found what he was seeking.
Taking this as the beginning of his discovery, it is said that he made two masses of the same
weight as the crown, one of gold and the other of silver. After making them, he filled a large
vessel with water to the very brim, and dropped the mass of silver into it. As much water ran
out as was equal in bulk to that of the silver sunk in the vessel. Then, taking out the mass,
he poured back the lost quantity of water, using a pint measure, until it was level with the brim
as it had been before. Thus he found the weight of silver corresponding to a definite quantity
of water.
After this experiment, he likewise dropped the mass of gold into the full vessel and, on taking
it out and measuring as before, found that not so much water was lost, but a smaller quantity:
namely, as much less as a mass of gold lacks in bulk compared to a mass of silver of the same
weight. Finally, filling the vessel again and dropping the crown itself into the same quantity
of water, he found that more water ran over for the crown than for the mass of gold of the same
weight. Hence, reasoning from the fact that more water was lost in the case of the crown than
in that of the mass, he detected the mixing of silver with the gold, and made the theft of the
contractor perfectly clear.（分数：10.00）
(1).Heiro gained the royal power in Syracuse, ______.（分数：2.00）
to the aid of the immortal gods
e of his successful exploits √
as to place a golden crown in a temple
order to observe his heroic deeds
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的Heiro和Syracuse定位到第1段第2句。由该句中的as a consequence of his
successful exploits确定B正确。
(2).According to the author, Archimedes must have found the way ______.（分数：2.00）
ntally √
lessly
tically

cally
解析：[解析] 第2段第3句中的happened to表明当时阿基米德是偶然发现解决问题的方 法的，因此，本题应选A。虽
然“偶然”发现的方法好像是“毫不费力”的，但原文该句中的while the case was still on
his mind表明阿基米德在偶然发现方法之前 一直都在想如何解决这个问题，可见，他也不是“毫不费力”就找到了方法
的，因此，B不正确。
(3).The word ransported in Paragraph Two is closest in meaning to ______.（分数：2.00）
itted
ed
upied √
d
解析：[解析] 第2段最后一句 提到阿基米德在发现方法之后，高兴得连衣服都不穿就跳出浴池跑回家，可见，此处的
transpor ted应该是指他满脑子都被高兴得情绪所占据，与此意思最相近的是C。
(4).In order to test his discovery, Archimedes ______.（分数：2.00）
two crowns of silver and gold respectively
two masses of silver and gold respectively √
a vessel as large as the tub where he had a bath
a pint measure level with the brim of the vessel
解析：[解析] 第3段 第1句证明B是正确的。最具干扰性的是D，该选项的用词与第3段倒数第2句的用词和词序都十
分相近 ，但要注意原文中，until it was level with里的it指的不是直接在其前面的pint
measure，而是指再前面的water， 将water代回到it的位置，就不难看出D和原文的区别了。
(5).The story is intended to ______.（分数：2.00）
rate the cleverness of Archimedes √
an interesting story about Archimedes
t how Archimedes solve the difficult crown problem
n the discovery of the relation between bulk and mass
解析：[解析] 作者讲到阿基米德这个故事的原因在全文第1句提到：是为了说明阿基米德的a boundless
ingenuity，其中ingenuity与cleverness同义，因此，本题应选A。
Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the world. About three million people
visit it each year. Its great natural beauty has made it one of the most popular national parks.
Most visitors like to see Old Faithful, the worlds most famous geyser. A geyser shoots hot
water high into the air. There are more than three hundred geysers in Yellowstone.
Old Faithful is not the biggest or the most beautiful geyser. But it is the most popular. Visitors
gather around Old Faithful before each eruption. Experts at the park are able to predict when
these will happen. The average time between eruptions is about ninety minutes. Old Faithful shoots
water an average of forty meters into the air. This eruption lasts between two and five minutes.
Old Faithful releases up to about thirty thousand liters of water into the air each time.
The hot spot deep under the ground produces geysers like Old Faithful. Old Faithful is evidence
of the volcanic activity at Yellowstone. But will the Yellowstone volcano erupt again? Most experts
think the answer is yes. But no one knows when. The most recent of the three extremely powerful
eruptions was about six hundred fifty thousand years ago.
Experts say at least thirty smaller volcanic eruptions have taken place at Yellowstone. Some of
these were perhaps as big as the nineteen ninety-one eruption at Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines.
Several are believed to have been much larger. The most recent of these smaller eruptions took
place about seventy thousand years ago.
Volcano experts say it is extremely difficult to tell when Yellowstone might become an active
volcano again. However, earthquakes near a volcano are usually good evidence that a volcano might
become active again. For example, Mount Saint Helens in the northwestern state of Washington
exploded in nineteen eighty. Several earthquakes took place near the volcano before that time.
On the morning that it exploded, Mount Saint Helens experienced an earthquake of five point one
on the Richter scale.
Yellowstone National Park experiences several thousand earthquakes each year. Most are very small.
They cannot be felt. They can only be measured by scientific instruments. However, in August of
nineteen fifty-nine, an earthquake at Yellowstone measured seven point five on the Richter scale.
Twenty-eight people were killed.
It was one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded in the United States. But Yellowstones
sleeping giant volcano did not erupt.
In two thousand one, the United States Geological Survey, Yellowstone National Park and the
University of Utah signed an agreement.
That agreement established the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory. Under the agreement, the park,
the Geological Survey and the university are responsible for improving efforts to study the
volcanic system of Yellowstone.
The observatory uses information from many different instruments on the ground and from satellites
to study the volcano. The information will help officials decide if Yellowstones huge volcano
is becoming a danger. Then they could warn the public quickly if necessary.
Experts at the observatory say Yellowstone represents some danger to the public. It always has.
However, its natural beauty also makes it a treasure that could not be possible without the sleeping
giant volcano that is under Yellowstone National Park.（分数：10.00）
(1).The Old Faithful shows that the volcanic activity at Yellowstone is ______.（分数：2.00）
nt √
us
ve
le
解析：[解析] 根据题干中专有名词Old Faithful定位到前三段。本题实际上考查哪个选项符合原文对Old
Faithful的描述。第3段提到Old Faithful的喷发时间很稳定，可以预测，因此应选A。而题干中的the
volcanic activity at Yellowstone属于强干扰内容，如果只考虑到“火山活动”，很可能会误选其他选项。
(2).What is true about the volcanic eruption in Yellowstone?（分数：2.00）
s predict that volcanic eruption is unlikely to happen recently.
are at least 30 small volcanic eruptions every year.
volcanic eruptions can be compared to that at Mount Pinatubo.
have been three extremely powerful volcanic eruptions so far. √
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的volcanic eruption in Yellowstone定位到第4至6段。从第4段最后一句可推断D的说
法正确。最具干扰性的是C ，将其与第5段第2句杆相比，可发现原文该句开头的Some of these是指“一些较小规模
的火山喷发”，这与C的主语The volcanic eruptions所指范围显然不同。
(3).What do the experts find out about the volcano at Yellowstone?（分数：2.00）
eruption is closely related to the earthquakes nearby.
stronger an earthquake nearby is, the more possibly it erupts.
uakes nearby are useless in regard to the prediction of its eruption. √
eruption has nothing to do with the earthquakes nearby.
解析：[解析] 本题考查volcano与earthquake的关系，定位到 第6至8段。第7段最后一句和第8段表明黄石公园的
火山是否爆发与地震没有关系。虽然第6段第2句 表明地震和火山密切相关，但要注意本题询问的只是“黄石国家公园
的火山”。
(4).Which of the following question has been illustrated in the passage?（分数：2.00）
is the Old Faithful the most popular geyser?
is the formation of geysers related to volcanoes? √
makes Yellowstone a national treasure?
causes Mount Saint Helens to erupt in 1980?

解析：[解析] 本题实际上为主旨大意题。本文开始介绍了黄石国家公园最著名的间歇泉The Old Faithful，然后以此
引出“火山”这个话题，这个话题一直延续到文章末尾，根据对文 章结构几个部分内容的分析可确定本题应选B。
(5).Experts at the observatory are most concerned about ______.（分数：2.00）
the next earthquake happens
the volcano becomes active
the volcano threatens the public
the volcano will erupt before long √
解析：[解析] 根据题干 中的experts和observatory定位到最后三段。第3段第3句和倒数第2段最后两句表明专家< br>担忧的是黄石国家公园的火山什么时候会再爆发，故应选D。换个角度想，本题的干扰项应该是专家们已经 知道的事，
根据第4段可推断专家们已知黄石国家公园是一座巨大的活火山，因此B不能选；最后一段开 头两句表明C也是无需再
作解答的问题。
For any surfer, nothing beats the idea of just hanging out in a beach riding the waves all day.
The thrill of riding giant breaks and staying there a minute or two is enough to thrill any surfer.
Some surfers save money just to go to certain locations around the world to experience the waves
they will cherish their whole life. Read on and well tell you where to go and whats the best
place in the world to surf ever.
Lets start with the simplest. Cocoa Beach in Florida is one of the key surfing destinations in
US. However, don go there during summer as the waves could be unpredictable, and most of the
time youll just end up sitting there for nothing at all. The good thing about this beach is that
you can still enjoy the waters and the party mood especially in summer time. The best time to
go this beach for surfing is from November to March, thats right: winter season. During these
months the Atlantic winds becomes stronger and the water responds perfectly! Expect to have waves
that will reach up to 10 feet. The beach is perfect for beginners in the sport.
Of course we don want to leave out the state that started it all: Hawaii. Specifically Oahu,
Hawaii; which is the home to one of the biggest waves on earth. During winter months, the waves
could reach up to 20 feet. During summer, the place is surprisingly calm. There are various beaches
in Oahu that cover at least 20 miles of beautiful white sand shores. Among them perfect for surfing
is Ehukai Beach and Waimea Beach which are paradise for most surfers as they try their skills
to the dangerous waves of Hawaii. Its just a humble tribute to the islands that started this
great sport.
Next is the unofficial place for surfing in USA. Calling itself Surf City, USA, Huntington is
the home for many known surfers around the country and the world. People from all parts of the
country visit this place just to enjoy the perpetual sun and waves in any given month. If you
e
still not sure about this place, just ask its 11 million annual visitors.
If Oahu is the surfers paradise, then this one should be the heaven. Tell any avid surfer about
Jeffreys Bay in Southern Africa and they can tell many tales that go with the bay. 10-foot waves
are a regular occurrence in this bay. Every July, all pros in the world congregate in this bay
and enjoy the waves in the highly competitive Billabong Pro. Even though the waves are there all
year long, its best that you go there from June till November. In these months the waves are
consistent. During these months the waves are very predictable, making it the best place to surf.
Watch out for the waves that you can ride for as long as three minutes.（分数：5.00）
(1).In Cocoa Beach in summer, vacationers had better ______.（分数：1.00）
there without bearing the purpose for surfing √
trained before riding the unpredictable waves
on the beach appreciating the peaceful sea
prepared for giant waves as high as 10 feet
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的Cocoa Beach in summer定位到第2段。该段第2句和第3句表明夏天的Cocoa
。A不适合冲浪，所以，夏天去那里度假的人最好不要想着要去冲浪，由此可见，本题应选Beach
(2).Surfing was originated in ______.（分数：1.00）
Oahu island
and Waimea
state of Hawaii √
a and Hawaii
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的originated定位到第3段最后一句。根据第3段可推断最后一句中的the
islands应指“夏威夷群岛”，因此，本题应选C。A和B均不包含“群岛”这个概念。原文没有提及D中 的Florida也
是冲浪运动的起源地之一。
(3).Huntington is called Surf City because ______.（分数：1.00）
g is virtually forbidden here
visitors come here yearly
g is possible here throughout the year √
rs can only enjoy sunshine and waves here
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的Huntington定位到第4段。该段中的the perpetual sun and waves in any
given month表明C的说法与原文相符。B最具干扰性，该段应表明Huntington是一个Surf Cit y，所以吸引了许多游
客，即题干为“因”，B为“果”，可见，B的内容虽有原文依据，但与题干放在 一起则颠倒了原文中两者的因果关系。
(4).The author mentions he waves that you can ride for as long as three minutes at Jeffreys
Bay in order to illustrate ______.（分数：1.00）
such waves are only rare occurrences
such waves are best for competitions √
dangerous the waves may become
consistent the waves may become
解析：[解析] 根据题干中双引号里的内容和Jeffreys Bay定位到最后一段最后三句。这三句围绕的主题是：6月到11
月Jeffreys Bay的海浪 是consistent和predictable的，最后一句(即题干双引号里的内容)用于支持这个主题。 由此
可见，本题应选D。
(5).Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）
Beach requires the least surfing skills while Jeffreys Bay requires the best.
is suggested that surfers should stay away from unpredictable waves. √
is every surfers dream to visit all the places for surfing in the world.
passage is mainly intended for the average surfers.
解析：[解析] 第2段第2句和全文最后4 句都表明当海浪predictable的时候，才最适合冲浪，相反来说，unpredictable
waves是不适合冲浪的，可见B的说法是正确的。A后半部分关于Jeffreys Bay的说法缺乏原文依据；C中的every surfer
说得过于绝对；文章最后一段也有提到p ro(职业选手)，可见本文不仅仅是写给average surfers看的，因此D不正确。

三、TEXT B(总题数：3，分数：25.00)

The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process
sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed
might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: Won the wave of business
concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?
Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations
accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25%
and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast- growing segment of production
in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the
reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production
of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller
economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.
I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie
the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and
investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting
customers demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows,
the worlds wealth increases.
Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to
imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition
that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil Trust was broken up.
The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for
consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of
communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing—witness Daimler
and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan—but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.
Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan
warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and
operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won
multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about
infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of defending
competition on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case?（分数：10.00）
(1).What is mentioned about the wave of mergers and acquisitions?（分数：2.00）
is warmly welcome by the American and European countries.
turns to be an uncontrollable anti-competitive force.
sweeps the world with unprecedented force. √
is a new trend in the business world that never appeared before.
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的mergers and acquisitions定位到第1段。C中的unprecedented force与该段第2句的
内容相近，故为本题答案。A中的warmly welcome缺乏原文依据；第1句中的the biggest表明这一次合并潮只是“最
大的一次 ”，这也就暗示合并潮以前就出现过，可见，D不正确。
(2).The author cited the multinationals in Argentina in order to ______.（分数：2.00）
concern over the stability of the world economy
ize the overemphasis on the development of multinationals
a contrast to the insufficient concern about smaller national firms
rate the increasing importance of multinationals in international trades √
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的multinationals in Arge ntina定位到第2段第5句。在该句中提到的Argentina的情况
是为了说明该段前几句的观 点：跨国公司生意越做越大。地位越来越重要，将四个选项的内容与此对比，可发现D意思
最相近，故为 本题答案。
(3).The forces behind the wave of mergers and acquisitions will result in ______.（分数：2.00）
ed markets
trade cost
undermined of globalization
ages to customers √
解析：[解析] 第3段第2句开头的All these指的是该 段第1句的forces。可见，第2句表明这些forces对消费者是
有利的，因此，本题应选D。 A和B是第1句冒号后的内容，在原文中，冒号后列举了各种forces。可见，A和B是forces
本身，而非forces带来的结果。C中的undermine与原文中的underlie意思完全不同。
(4).What did the U.S. fear nearly a century ago?（分数：2.00）
threats to competition. √
threats to the oil market.
merger of a few oil firms.
competition in the oil market.
解析：[解析] 在第4段第2句中，定语从句that were feared...中的that应该指前面的先行词threats， 。A的所
指。就不难确定本题应选that形成主谓一致，找到were这样才能与从句的动词
(5).In the last paragraph, the author most probably agrees that ______.（分数：2.00）
banking mergers will not appear because of Greenspans warning
ationals always try to avoid violating fair competition
attitude towards unfair competition varies from nation to nation √
U.S. shouldn have sued Microsoft for unfair competition
解析：[解析] 最后一段第4句表明在现实中各 国对违反公平竞争的处理力度不一，即表明各国对不合理竞争的做法态
度不相同，可见，本题应选C。该 段第2句提到了Greenspan的警告，银行业是不是会因为他的警告就不会合并?原文并
没有就此 给出答案，可见，A说得过于绝对。第4句表明有些跨国公司可能离开对不公平竞争严格监管的国家/地区，转< br>而到别的地区去做生意，这恰恰表明这些跨国公司不愿遵守公平竞争的做法，可见，B与原文的推论相反； 最后一句表
明美国出于“保护公平竞争”而起诉了微软公司，而作者很可能认为别的国家也应向美国学习 这种做法，可见，作者应
该不会认同D的说法。
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking
marijuana. That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone
or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points
off the users IQ.
This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four- point drop in IQ associated
with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled the fleeting phenomenon
of enhanced stupidity as infomania.
Research on sleep deprivation suggests that the IQ drop caused by electronic obsession is also
equivalent to a wakeful night.
Infomania is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men, the study commissioned by Hewlett
Packard, the technology company, has concluded.
The noticeable drop in IQ is attributed to the constant distraction of always on technology
when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they
lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react
to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand.
The brain also finds it hard to cope with juggling lots of tasks at once, reducing its overall
effectiveness, the report added. And while modem technology can have huge benefits, excessive
use can be damaging not only to a persons mind, but to their social life.
Eighty volunteers took part in clinical trials on IQ deterioration and 1,100 adults were
interviewed. More than six in ten (62 per cent) of people polled admit that they were addicted
to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work- related ones even
when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately to an email and one
in five (21 per cent) will interrupt a meeting to do so.
Furthermore, infomania is having a negative effect on work colleagues, increasing stress and
dissenting feelings. Nine out of ten polled thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or
messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude. Yet one in three Britons believes
that it is not only acceptable, but actually diligent and efficient to do so.（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the passage, infomania tends to ______.（分数：2.00）
caused by a decline in intelligence
a permanent influence on ones IQ
caused by electronic obsession √
in ones sleep deprivation
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的infomania定位到第2段。对比第2段和第3段中可知infomania与the IQ drop同义，
第3段the IQ drop后的定语caused by electronic obsession表明infomania就是由electronic
obsession引起的，因此，C正确。infomania和A中的a decline in intelligence为相同的概念，两者不可能构成因
果关系；B中的permanent一词缺 乏原文依据；根据原文，D提到的sleep deprivation与 同样为导致智力下降的原因，
而它们之间的因果关系也缺乏原文依据。infomanian
(2).To initiate the study, Hewlett Packards research is most probably about ______.（分数：2.00）
relevance between ones IQ and his use of technology √
influence of technology on ones decline in intelligence
different damage to our brain done by technology and unhealthy habits
relationship between ones intelligence and his working effectiveness
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的Hewlett Packard定位到第4段。要正确回答本题，就要先正确理解问题。问题中的to
initiate the study应理解为Hewlett Packard最开始要研究的主题是什么?总结前四段可知Hewlett Packard公司的
研 究“结果”可用B来表述，这应该是在研究“科技”与“IQ”之间的关系时得出的结论。在开始研究的时候，H ewlett
Packard并不知道科技会导致IQ下降。可见，在A和B之间，A为研究主题，为 本题答案，而B是经过研究主题后所得
的结论，不符合题意。
(3).Infomania employees are more ready to react to technology than the tasks in hand because ______.（分
数：2.00）
tasks can be done without technology
logy is conveniently available √
tasks are technologically diverse
logy can help lessen work pressure
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的employees定位到第5段。B中的conveniently available与第5段第1句中的always on
为同义改写；其他选项虽然在现实生活中都可能为真，但在本文中均未提及。
(4).By saying that the infomania people scrutinized work-related emails on holiday, the author
intends to illustrate ______.（分数：2.00）
infomania affects our working effectiveness
infomania affects our attitude towards relaxation
infomania damages our brain
infomania damages our social life √
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的scrutinized work-related定位到第7段第2 句。本题关键词所在的第7段整段都是为了
说明第6段末尾的观点：科技影响我们的social life，故正确答案应为D。
(5).This passage reveals ______ disadvantages of overuse of technology.（分数：2.00）

√


解析：[解析] 要回答本题，就要分析全文结构。第6段最后一句的not only...but. ..表明到那里为止，已讲到了过度
使用科技对我们产生的两点负而影响，最后一段开头的Furthe rmore表明这一段是第三点负面影响，加起来，可见共有
三点disadvantages，故本题 应选B。
Spanning the ocean divide between the U.S. and Russia, it is one of the richest and most
commercially productive marine environments on earth, teeming with pollack and halibut, fur seals
and Stellers sea lions, puffins and murres. The seals and seabirds depend on catching fish, and
so do humans. More than 2,000 boats from the U.S., Russia, Japan, Norway, China, Poland and the
Koreas haul in an annual catch worth roughly $$1 billion. The portion taken off the shores of Alaska
alone amounts to one-half the sea life caught by commercial fishing vessels in U.S. waters.
But will the bounty last? Since the majority of the worlds fisheries are in a state of collapse,
as too many boats chase too few fish, conservationists fear the same fate for the Bering Sea,
the last great refuge of marine abundance. Competition among countries for the rights to fish
certain sectors of the sea is already fierce and could turn violent, as it has elsewhere in the
world. The Russians have severely depleted fish stocks in their zone, and the international area
open to all boats, called the Doughnut Hole, has been nearly stripped of commercial fish.
No species is more important to man and beast than pollack, the No. 1 ingredient of frozen fish
sticks and the fish items served by chains like Burger King and Long John Silver. Each year the
Bering Sea yields two billion kg of this bottom-dwelling creature, making the pollack business
the biggest fish harvest in the world.
On the surface, that business is healthy: the pollack catch has stayed near record levels. But
signs of overfishing and an ailing ecosystem can be seen higher up in the food chain. The fur-seal
population has not increased despite a long-standing ban on commercial hunting. The number of
Stellers sea lions, which feed mostly on pollack, has plunged 80% in the past years, and seabirds
such as the red-legged kittiwake are also in trouble.
Even if fishing is brought under control, the Bering Sea faces threats that originate thousands
of miles away. Wind currents from industrial areas far to the south bring in pollutants like
insecticides and heavy metals, which collect in the tissues of wild life and the local Inuit people.
At the same time the region has been warming up, and part of the reason may be the buildup of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Whatever the cause, sea ice has been retreating farther to
the north, making life harder for polar bears and other ice- dwelling animals.（分数：5.00）
(1).The first paragraph mainly intends to show that the ocean divide between the U.S. and Russia
______.（分数：1.00）
an international area open to all boats
brought great bounty to countries on the coasts √
been overfished by the countries on the coasts
become ecologically unbalanced
解析：[解析] 根据第2段第1句的提问可以 推断第1段的要点是：美俄之间的水域给沿岸各国带来了丰富的渔获，因
此，本题应选B。稍具干扰性的 是A，虽然原文也有提及美俄之间的水域有各国的渔船，但A没有强调bounty(丰富的渔
获)这个 重点。
(2).What is true about the marine creatures in the Bering Sea?（分数：1.00）
tries to save the sea by stocking fewer fish.
are still abundant marine creatures there. √
will soon be stripped of commercial fish.
are too many boats but too few fish.
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的Bering Sea定位到第2段第2句。该句末尾用于修饰Bering Sea的后置定语表明白令海
峡现在仍然有abundant marine，因此B正确。C中的will soon说的过于绝对了，原文只是有这种担心，但没有提到“什么时候”白令海峡的鱼都会被打光；D与第2段第2句中as引出的从句一模一样，但该从句讲的是全世 界范围的普
遍情况，而不是白令海峡的情况。
(3).By saying that pollack is ottom-dwelling creature, the author means that pollack ______.（分数：1.00）
deep down in the seabed
fundamental to good health
least influenced by humans
low down in the food chain √
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的pollack和“bottom-dwelling”定位到第3段。如果只看第3段和第4段第 1句，很容易
误选A，但只要看到第4段第2句中的higher up in the food c hain，就可以推断pollack应该处在食物链的最底层，
关于pollack处在食物链的位置 ，从第4段最后一句的内容也可得到证实，因此，D才是正确答案。
(4).According to the fourth paragraph, there is a ban on hunting ______.（分数：1.00）
-seal √
k
lions
ds
解析：[解析] 根据题干中的ban定位到第4段第3句。该句中 的ban应指对海狗的禁猎令，这一句的意思是：虽然长
期以来都禁猎海狗，但其数目却没有上涨(原因 是人类的过度捕捞导致海狗难以在海里找到食物)。 。A因此，本题应选．
(5).The passage mainly tries to remind us to be aware ______.（分数：1.00）
the various threats to the Bering Sea now √
the impact of commercial activities on the Bering Sea
overfishing will endanger the whole ecosystem
it is essential to accord commerce with ecosystem
解析：[解析] 原文共有5段，前四段主要讲白令海峡的过度捕捞情况，第5段提到了白令海峡faces threats
that originate thousands of miles away。即海水受到污染 和海水温度上涨。总结来看，本文主要讲的是白令海峡面
临的各种威胁，而前四段的“过度捕捞/经济捕 捞”只是其中一点，因此，最能全面概括原文所有内容的应为A。其他选