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2021-01-11 02:35
tags:英语四级, 英语考试, 外语学习

-工作要求

2021年1月11日发(作者:戎巨川)
专业英语四级
-250
( 总分: 100.00 ,做题时间: 90 分钟 )
一、
LANGUAGE USAQE
总题数:
40
,分数:
100.00)
1. Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. It is not decidedwhether to go or not.
B. It will be given towhoever comes first.
C. It is his fatherthat has prevented him from doing so.
D. What matters isnot how much you do but whether you try to do.
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查对句子成分的认识和运用。
选项 A 句子中的 It 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式 whether to go or not ,谓语是 is not decided 。选项 B 句 子中的主
语是It,谓语是will be given,介词短语to whoever comesfirst 作宾语。选项C句子中的主语是 his father , 谓语是has
prevented。该句子中有一个强调句型 It is...that... 。选项D句子中的主语是一个主语从句 Whatmatters, 后面是系动词is+表
语从句。因此,选项A为最佳答案。
2. They failed six times but they have made their minds to try ___ .
(分数: 2.50 )
A. seven times
B. seventh time
C. a seventh time
V
V
D. the seventh time
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查序数词的用法。
英语里序数词是用来表示人或事物次序的,序数词前面一般要用定冠词 the,如the first day 、the second
house 等,但是有时也用 a(n) ,表示又一个或又一次等,如: I lost the first two games but I want to
try a third game. 前两盘我输了,但是我想再试一盘。题干中的句子没有表达次序的意思,只是表示要再试一次,选 项D可以
排除。因此,选项C为最佳答案。
3. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. The cattle in the farm were killed.
B. New machinery was introduced into the factory.
C. The police were going to search that district.
D. All the furniture were sold in the house.
V
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查主谓一致。
选项A句子中的主语是cattle。这是一个集合名词,其谓语动词要用复数形式。类似的集合名词还有。 folk、people、
police等,所以该选项和选项C中的句子是正确的。选项 B句子中的主语是new machinery。这是一个表示物体总称的 不可数
名词,类似的还有 clothing 、 scenery、 poetry 、 equipment 等,其后的谓语动词要求用单数,所以该选项是正 确的。选项
D中句子的主语是furniture 。这是一个不可数名词,其后的谓语动词要求用单数,但在汉语中通常会认为 它是可数名词,会误
用复数谓语动词。因此,选项 D为最佳答案。
4. When I arrived at the meeting, the first speaker ____ and the audience _____ .
(分数: 2.50 )
A. had finished speaking, had clapped
B. finished speaking, clapped
C. had finished speaking, were clapping
D. finished speaking, were speaking
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查动词的时态。 在该句子中,中心时间点是我到达会场时。第一位发言人讲话应该是
先于此时发生,故用过去完成时态; 观众鼓掌应该是与到达同时发生,故用过去进行时态。选项 A 第一个答案正确,但第二个
时态不合句子意义。选项
个答案均不合句子意义。选项 D第二个答案正确,但第一个不对。因此,选项 C为最佳答案。
B 两
V
5. Which of the following best explains the meaning of You may not go to the party?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. You are not permitted to go to the party.
B. Possibly you will not go to the party.
C. You shouldn go to the party.
D. You can decide whether to go to the party.
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查情态动词的意义和用法。
题干句子中的情态动词 may表示“允许,其否定式有must not(不准

和may not(不允许

两个,如:You
mustn smoke in the hospital. 医院内不准抽烟。 People may not pick up flowers in the park.
选项B句子中的possibly表示可能性,与题干中句子意思不符。选项
公园内不准摘花。
V
C句子中的情态动词should表示义务、责任、是
否该做某事,也与题干中句子意思不符。选项 D句子中的情态动词can表示允许,但整句话与题干中的句子意思相差很
远。因此,选项A为最佳答案。
6. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an attribute?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. We will go to the parkwithout you.
B. There seems to be a solutionto this problem.
C. To my delight, he passed the entrance examination.
D. Fruit is richin vitamin.
解析: [ 解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查对介词短语作句子成分的认识和运用。
介词短语在句子中主要用作表语、状语 、定语、补语和插入语等句子成分。在选项A选项C和选项D中介词短语without
you、to my delight 和in vitamin 都作状语,只有在选项 B中,介词短语to this problem 作名词solution
因此,选项B为最佳答案。
7. The directors have a meeting every Friday, unless there is nothing to discuss. Which of the following sentences has a
similar meaning?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. The directors have a meeting every Friday without exception.
B. The directors occasionally have no meeting on Friday.
C. The directors have no meeting on Fridays.
D. The directors have nothing to discuss at the meeting every Friday.
解析: [ 解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查 unless 引导的条件状语从句的意义和用法。
if 和 unless 是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词。 unless 在意义上等于 if...not ,如: We could go to
我们可以去音
的定语。
V
V
a concert unless youd prefer to visit a museum (if you would not prefer to visit a museum).
乐会,除非你更愿意去博物馆。又如: You will fail unless you work hard (if you do not
work hard).除非你努力工作,否则你会失败。选项
B 为最佳答案。
8. The idea of traveling through ____ space to other planets interests many people today.
(分数: 2.50 )
A. .a
B. the
C. /
V
D. one
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查零冠词的用法。 零冠词即不用冠词,表示名词的泛指或一般概念,如: Fish live in
water. 鱼生活在水中。当 space 作“太空”讲时, 是不可数名词,前面不需要冠词,如: Many rockets have been launched
into space. 很多火箭发射升空。又如: It will soon be common for man to travel through space.
案。C旅行将是一件很平常的事。
因此,选项.
9. While reading the newspaper, ____ .
(分数: 2.50 )
A. a colorful advertisement caught my eyes
B. my attention was attracted by a colorful advertisement
C. I was attracted by a colorful advertisement
D. what attracted me was a colorful advertisement
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查分词的意义和用法。
分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子主语要保持一致,如: Arriving at the airport, I found that my flight had taken off. 我到机场
时,发现我要搭乘的航班已经起飞了。这个例句中的现在分词短语 Arriving at the airport 可以改写成一个时间状语从句 WhenI
arrived at the airport ,其逻辑主语与句子主语都是 I 。独立来看, 四个选项都可以用;但从语义来看,该句中分词短语
reading the newspaper的逻辑主语应该是人,那么选项 A、选项
不久以后去太空 为最佳答
A、选项C和选项D中的句子都与题干中的意思不符。因此,选项
V
B和选项D均不符合语法规则。因此,选项 C是最佳答案。
10. As ____ announced in todays paper, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on
Sundays.
(分数: 2.50 )
A. being
B. to be
C. is
V
D. been
解析:[解析]该题是语法结构题,考查关系代词 as的用法。
“ as引导非限定性定语从句时代替整个主句,对其进行说明,如: He is a famous columnist for several papers and
magazines, as is known to the world. 正如大家所知道的,他是一位著名的专栏作家,为多家报纸和杂
像往常一样,他这个周末 志撰稿。又如: As was usual with him, he went to climb the mountain this weekend.
去爬山了。在非限定性定语从句中,as是主语,其后需要一个谓语结构。选项
因此,选项C是最佳答案。
11. How long did it take you to realize he was dishonest? I ___ from the start.
(分数: 2.50 )
A、选项B和选项D不能构成谓语结构。
A. looked him through
B. saw through him
V
C. look forward to him
D. saw him through
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查动词look和see与介词或副词搭配构成的短 语动词的意义和用法。
动词词组: look through sb. 意思是“假装没有看见而不理会某人” ,如: Yesterday I saw her on the campus, but she just
looked straight through me. 昨天我在校园看见她了,可她居然对我视而不见。动词词组 look through sth. 意思是“快速查看,
浏览” ,如: She looked through her notes before the exam. 在考试前她匆匆看了一下笔记。没有 look sb. through 这样的搭
配。动词词组 see through sb./sth.
意思是“看透,识破

某人或某物

”,女如: I can see through your little game. 我看透了你的小把戏。动词词组 see
sb. through (sth.) 意思是帮助某人渡过 (难关)”,女口: Her courage and good humor saw
her through.她的勇气和乐观帮她渡过了难关。
determined to see the job through.
动词词组see sth. through意思是把

工作等

坚持完成,女口: Weare
我们决心完成工作。动词词组 look forward to
sth./doing sth. 意思是盼望某物或做什么事。因此,选项B为最佳答案。
______ make short graces. So don laugh at those lesser beings who do not have enough
to support themselves.
(分数:2.50)
A. heads
B. feet
C. fingers
V
hs
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查习惯表达法的意义和用法。
Sharp stomachs make short graces
为最佳答案。
13. Her audience did not find these works easy to understand though today we found them more
understandable . The meaning of the underlined word is _____ .
(分数:2.50 )
A. fanciful
B. comprehensive
C. comprehensible
V
D. fantastic
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查形容词的意义和用法。
题干中划线部分形容词 understandable 意思是可以理解的,如:Their attitude is perfectly
understandable. 他们的态度是完全可以理解的。
选项A中的形容词fanciful 意思是空想的;想象的,如:He told the children a fanciful story.
他给孩子们讲了一个虚构的故事。选项 B中的形容词comprehensive意思是全面的,综合的,如:The
政府全面解释了
是一句英语谚语。其他选项不符合该谚语的表达习惯,应该排除掉。因此,选项 D
government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for industrial development.
工业发展的计划。选项 C中的形容词comprehensible意思是“可以理解的,好懂的,如:One often finds a writers books
more comprehensible if one knows about his life and the time
he was alive. 大家如果了解一个作家的生活经历和他所生活的时代特点,会发现该作家的作品更容易理锯。选项 D中
的形容词fantastic 意思是怪诞的;不切实际的,常用作定语放在名词前面,如:fantastic
dreams of forests and jungles
为最佳答案。
关于森林和热带丛林的怪梦, a fantastic project 不切实际的方案。因此,选项 C
14. The army got the order to arrive at the front immediately, but their advance was ____ by
bad weather.
(分数:2.50 )
A. confused
B. hampered
V
C. hammered
D. perplexed
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查动词的意义和用法。
选项A中动词confuse的意思 是“使糊涂。选项B中的动词hamper的意思是“阻碍,阻止,如:Their
work was hampered for lack of equipment.由于缺乏设备,他们的工作进展受阻。选项
锤和钉拼合(together) ”,女口: hammer together a picture frame
思是使窘困,常用被动结构,如:be perplexed for an answer
以问题使人困窘。因此,选项 B为最佳答案。
15. They are not the kind of the people to give in to threats. The meaning of the underlined part
is _____ .
(分数:2.50 )
A. yield
B. yielding
C. yield to
D. yield up
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查短语动词的意义和用法。
题干中划线部分短语动词give in to sb./sth. 的意思是“屈服;认输”。
C中的动词hammer意思是用
用锤和钉制作一个相框。选项 D中动词perplex的意
不知怎么回答才好,perplex a man with questions
V
选项A中yield的意思是“产生;让步;投降”等,与它相关的动词短语是 yield to(向 低头/投降/让步

和yield up(生产
出;让给

,如:The town soon yielded to the attackers. 那座城很快就失守了。 It is still polite to yield up your seat on the
bus to an old lady. 在公共汽车上给老人让座是礼貌的行为。选项 B中的yielding 是形容词,
意思是“柔软的,易弯曲的”。因此,选项C为最佳答案。.
16. ___ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.
(分数:2.50 )
A. Accumulated
V
B. Gathered
C. Assembled
D. Collected
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查动词的意义和用法。
选项A中的动词accumulat e意思是逐渐积累

成堆



数量

逐 渐增加”,如:By investing wisely she
accumulated a fortune. 她投资精明,积累了一笔财富。选项 B中的动词gather意思是“集合,聚集”,如:A crowd soon
gathered. 很快就聚集了一群人。选项C中的动词assemble意思是

为共同目的

聚集;组装”,如:All the students were
asked to assemble in the main hall. 全体学生被通知到大礼堂集合。选项 D中的动词collect 意思是收集”。 因此,选项A为
最佳答案。
17. They offered me a loan on very ____ terms.
(分数:2.50 )
A. favorable
B. favorite
C. favored
D. favor
解析:[解析]该题是词汇题,考查形式相近但意义差别大的同词根词汇的意义和用法。
四个 选项中均有词根favor,意思是“喜欢;赞成”,可以作动词和名词。选项A中的favorable是形容 词,意思是“给 人好印
象的;有利的”,如:She made a favorable impression on his parents. 她给他父母留下了好印象。选项 B
V
中的favorite 可以作形容词,意思是“特别喜爱的”,如:my favorite book我最爱的书。还可作名词,意思是“特别 喜爱的人
或物”。选项C中的。favored是形 容词,意思是“受到宠爱的;得到偏爱的”。因此,选项A为最佳答案。 was told
to ___________________ a sum of money from her salary each month.
(分数:2.50 )
A. set off
B. set up
C. set aside
D. set about
解析: [解析] 该题是词汇题,考查动词 set 与介词或副词搭配所构成的短语动词的意义和用法。
选项A中的set off 意思是“出发,动身,如:We set off for London just after ten. 刚过十点,我们就动身去
V
伦敦了。选项B中的set up意思是“成立,建立,如:to set up roadblocks 设路障。选项C中的set aside 意思是
“留出;存蓄”,如: Each week he tried to set aside a few dollars of
his salary. 他每个月都存几块钱。选项 D中的set about后续doing sth.,意思是着手做某事,如:Wehad to set
about getting rid of smoking. 我们得着手戒烟了。因此,选项 C为最佳答案。
19. The native Canadians lived in ___ with nature, for they respected nature as a provider of
life.
(分数: 2.50 )
A. coordination
B. acquaintance
C. contact
D. harmony
V
解析: [ 解析] 该题是词汇题,考查名词的意义和用法。
选项 A中名词 coordination 的意思是“协调; 配合,如:a pamphlet produced by the government in
coordination with the Sports Council 政府在体委的配合下发行的小册子。选项 B 中名词 acquaintance 的意思“熟
他只是业务上认识的人。又如: contact 人;一般交情”,如: He is just a business acquaintance.
in be 用于介词短语contact中的C我和他没有什么交情。选项 him. with acquaintance no have I
with中,意思是“与某人保持联系。选项D中的harmony用于介词短语be in harmony with中,意思是“与某人或某 物和谐
共处”。因此,选项D为最佳答案。
20. His hand shook a little as he ____ the key in the lock.
(分数: 2.50 )
A. inserted
V
B. pierced
C. squeezed
D. jammed
解析: [ 解析] 该题是词汇题,考查动词的意义和用法。
选项 A 中动词 insert 的意思是“插入; 嵌入,如:They inserted a tube in his mouth to help him breathe.
他们在他嘴里插了一根管子帮助他呼吸。选项 B中动词pierce的意思是“刺破;穿透”,如:The arrow
pierced his shoulder. 箭头射穿了他的肩膀。选项 C中动词squeeze的意思是“挤压;挤过,如:We
我们在那辆车上挤进了六个人。选项 D中动词jam的意思是“

使managed to squeeze six people into the car.


压,女口: He jammed his fingers into his ears. 他用手指使劲堵住耳朵。因此,选项 A为最佳答案。
21. Which of the following sentences is grammatically and semantically correct?
(分数: 2.50 )
A. Weren you upset if you had lost your watch?
B. Wouldn you be upset if you had lost your watch?
C. Hadn you been upset if you had lost your watch?
D. Wouldn you have upset if you had lost your watch?
解析: [ 解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查虚拟语气在错综时间下的意义和用法。
在该句子中,从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生在过去,虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反,那么就用 had+done形式。主
V
句是一个系表结构,表语是形容词 upset ,表示的是现在的状态,虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反,那么就用
would/should/could/might+ 动词原形的形式。因此,选项 B为最佳答案。
is no good _____ to come now. He is busy at the moment to deal with other urgent things.
(分数: 2.50 )
A. asking him
V
B. that you asked him
C. to ask
D. if you ask him
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查动名词的意义和用法。 在一些特殊句型中要求使用动名词形式作真正的主语,而主
语位置上的 it 是形式主语。常见的句型是 It is no use/no good/no fun/a great pleasure/a waste of time, etc.+doing sth. ,如:It
is no use crying
over the spilt milk. 牛奶洒了,哭也无用 (世上没有后悔药 ) 。另外一个类似的句型是 There is no doing sth. ,如: There is
no denying the fact that the world is becoming increasingly beautiful. 不可否认的是,
世界正变得越来越美丽。选项 B 中的 that you asked him 不能用,因为 asked 所表示的时间与题干中的时间不符。选 项C中
的to ask不能用,因为缺宾语。选项 D中的if you ask him
义不明确,不知所指。因此,选项 A为最佳答案。
23.1 won pay 2,000 dollars for the shirt; it is not worth _______ .
(分数: 2.50 )
A. much all that
B. that all much
C. that much all
D. all that much
也不能用,因为这样的话该句子中主语it就会语
V
解析: [解析] 该题是语法结构题,考查 not...(all) that 的意义和用法。
否定结构 not...(all) that 表示“ not very, or not as much as has been said ”。that 在句子中作副词,表示程度, 如:
“Does the company earn 3 billion dollars a year? ” “Its not all that much. 公 为最佳答案。D亿美元

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-主要表现


-星期二


-双盲实验


-神谕



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