turistas高中英语同位语从句讲解与练习.doc

2021年1月11日发(作者：方氏)



















































析： the soldiers should cross the river at once










高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习
同位语从句讲义及练习
一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质
在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用
that, whether

，what, which, who, when, where, why, how

等词引导，常放
在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise,
answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion

等抽象名
词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。 换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为
同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。
例： The news that they had won the game soon spread over the
whole school. 他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析： they had won the game 说明 The news 的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从
句。
二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句
1. 如同位语从句意义完整，应用 that 引导同位语从句。（即 that 不充当任何成分，
只起连接作用，不可省略）
例： The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river
at once. 将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。

是 the order 的
全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用

that

引导同位语从句。
2. 如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加 是否 的含义，应用 whe 】 ther 引导同
位语从句。（ if 不能引导同位语从句）





例： We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on
time. 我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。

析： the sports meeting will be held on time
意义不完整，应加

是否 的含义才能表达 the problem 的全部内容，因此应用 whether 引导同位语从句。









3. 如同位语从句意义不完整， 需增加 什么时候 、什么地点 、什么方式
等含义，应用 when, where, how 等词引导同位语从句。例
1：I have no idea when he will be back.












1














析： he will be back 意义不完整，应加 什么时候 的含义才能表达 idea 的
全部内容，因此应用 when 引导同位语从句。



例 2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.




析： he went home 意义不完整，应加 如何 的含义才能表达 impression 的全部
内容，因此应用 how 引导同位语从句。




4. 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。



如： The thought






came to him that

maybe the enemy had fled

the
city.
三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，

明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限





同位语从句和定语从句相似， 都放在某一名词或代词后面， 但同位语从句不同于
定语从句。 同位语从句对名词加以补充说明， 是名词全部内容的体现， 且名

词和同位语从句的引导词均不在从句中作成分； 定语从句说明先行词的性质与特征，与
先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系， 且名词和定语从句的引导词均在从句中作成分。




区分时可以在先行词与与从句之间加一个系动词 be, 使之构成一个新句子，如果
句子通顺且符合逻辑，则为同位语从句，反之，则为定语从句。



如： The report that he was going to resign was false.









因为 the reportwas that he was going to resign
he was going to resign
是同位语从句。



句意通顺，所以，

that
例 1：









1）Informationhas been put forward
will be admitted into universities.

____ more middle school graduates
A. while


B. that

C. when

D. as





析：答案为 B。more middle school graduates


will

be admitted

into
universities






是 Information

的内容，且

Information
不在从句中作成分，所
以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：
2）It is said that
universities



more middle school graduates

will be admitted

into
， this is the information ____ has been put forward.
A. what

B. that

C. when

D. as
2




















































析：答案为













析：答案为 B。that has been put forward

为 information

的修饰性
定语，且 information

在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。
例 2： She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into
her mouth.(MET91)
A. it B. which

C. this

D. that
析：答案为 B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限
制性定语从句，先行词为 a terrible noise ，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别
于：
I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.
A. it B. which

C. this

D. that
。she is crying loudly

是 the terrible noise

的内容，
且 t he terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。巩固性
练习：
1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.

A. that B. what C. why D. which
2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.


A. hat B. what C. which D. why
3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.

A. what B. that C. why D. when
D

4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.

A. which B. that C./
5. I have no idea ____ he will start.


A. when B. that C. what D./

6. I've comefrom the government with a message ____ the meeting won't
be held tomorrow.
A. if

B. that

C. whether D. which
D. it
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7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.



A. when B. which C. what D. that

8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.


A. which B. whether C. that D. what
9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's
he would die of the disease.


A. that B. as

C. of which
10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.

A. whether B. where C. that

D. when
fear ____
D. which































































































































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