暴力性侵18 19Unit2SectionⅢGrammar同位语及同位语从句

2021年1月11日发(作者：段祺瑞)




Section
山
Grammar
从句
［语境自主领悟］
先观察原句
同位语及同位语
后自主感悟
① Altogether Dolly lived six and a half
years, half the length of the life of the
original sheep
② The fact that she seemedto develop
normally was very en couragi ng.
③ Then came the disturb ing n ews that
左边句子中加黑部分是同位语。 同位语
可以由名词、代词、数词、形容词或从 _
句来充当。句①是由名词短语作同位 语；
句②和句③是由that引导的同位语 从
句。
Dolly had become seriously ill.
［语法精要点拨］
考点一同位语
一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词
（
或起类似作用的其他形式
）
，对前 者进一
步说明，这一部分就叫作同位语。可充当同位语的有名词

（
词组
）
、代词、
数词、形容词
（
短语
）
、动名词
（
短语）、不定式
（
短语）及从句等。
We studentsall respect him Mr Johnson, our English teacher
我们学生都尊重他，我们的英语老师约翰逊先生。
（
名词（词组）作同位语
）
They each put forward a proposal.
他们每个人都提出了一个建议。
（
代词作同位语
）
You may leave it to ustwo.
你可以把这事留给我们俩。
（
数词作同位语
）
Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished 逃避惩罚，这就是你的目的？
（不定式短语作同位语
）
The current fair，the biggest in its history is being held in a big city.
目前的交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在一座大城市举行。
语作同位语
）
（
形容词短
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The first plan，attacking at night, was turned down第一个计戈U是夜袭， 被拒
绝了。
（
动名词短语作同位语
）
［即时演练1］
写出下列句中充当同位语的词
（
组）的词性
① We both have a cha nee to take part in this activity.
代词
② Please bring these books to thenthree.
数词
③ Wang Bi ng，our monitor，will help us to turn in our papers.
名词词组
④ Is this what you have done leaving all these things in a meSs
动名词短语
⑤ People, old and young went to the street to watch the parade.
形容词短语 考
点二同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。 它一般跟在某个名词后面，用 来说
明前面名词的具体内容。 常见的这类名词有：fact，news, hope, truth，idea,
suggestion, thought，question, promise, order，problem, belief，word，message
information, proof, announcement desire, doubt, proposal, advice, possibility 等。
The news that the team won the games excit ing.
球队赢得了这场比赛的消息真是令人激动。
The question who should do the workequires con siderati on.
谁应当做这份工作，这个问题需要考虑。
I have no idea that you have applied for the post
我不知道你已经申请了这个职位。
［即时演练2］将下列句子合并为同位语从句
① Will the sports meeting be held on time？ The question will be discussed
tomorrow.
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The question whether the sports meeting will be held on time will be discussed
tomorrow.
② The headmaster will join us in hiking this are glad at the news.
We are glad at the n ews that the headmaster will join us in hiki ng this Sun day.
③ A new teacher will teach us English next message reached me
yesterday.
The message that a new teacher will teach us English next term reached me
yesterday.
考点三同位语从句的连接词
1 .连接词 that 和 whether
o
(1) that在同位语从句中仅仅起连接作用，不充当句子成分，但是不能省略。
I have read the no ticethat our school radio stati on n eeds two En glish announ
cers. 我已经读了这个通知，学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。
Word came that they made a great breakthrough in their field.
他们在他们的领域取得很大突破的消息传来了。 (that引导同位语从句，说明
word的具体内容
)
(2) whether在同位语从句中译为“是否”，仅仅起连接作用，不充当任何句
子成分。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time.有人怀疑约翰是否会准
时到来。
The question whether it is worth doing will be discussed at the meeting.这件事 情
是否值得做(这个问题)将要在会议上被讨论。
2. 连接代词 who，what，which，whom，whose引导同位语从句时，在从 句中
作主语、宾语或表语等；其意义分别为：谁；什么；哪一个；谁；谁的。
The problem what we should do n ext is being discussed at the meet ing now.
我们下一步该做什么的问题正在会上被讨论着。
With time going on，the doubt which team would win disappeared随着时间的 推
第3页