勉强英文新概念英语第二册语法总结：名词性从句(4)同位语从句

2021年1月11日发(作者：高文进)
新概念英语第二册语法总结：名词性从句（4）同位语从句
（四）同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语。

1. that引导同位语从句。
在下列名词后可用that引导同位语从句answer, belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea,
information, knowledge, law, news, opinion, plan, suggestion, thought, truth等。
I had no idea that you were here.
The story goes that William killed his wife.
He always works hard in spite of the fact that he is not in good health.
Suddenly the thought came to me that he would go blind.
注意：
①位语从句引导词that无含义，不充当成分，不可省略。
②同位语从句与其说明的名词或 代词为同一内容，故可以用is把前边的中心词和从句连接
成一个句子。
③同位语从句前一般没有逗号。
that引导同位语从句与引导定语从句的区别：that引 导同位语从句时只起连接作用，不
充当任何成分；that引导定语从句时，在从句中要作成分，如主语 、宾语等。
①He told me the news that our team won.（that引导同位语从句）
②The news that / which he told me was very exciting.（that引导定语从句，在从
句中作宾语）
2. 在no idea, question, problem等后可用wh- 疑问词引导同位语从句，if不引导
同位语从句。
I have no idea where he has gone.
I have no idea what he said.

3. 辨析：引导名词性从句时what与whatever, who与whoever的区别：
what 与whatever：
What you want has been sent here.（what = the thing(s) that/all that/anything
that特指）
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.（whatever = anything that泛
指）
What caused the accident was a broken bottle.（特指）
Whatever caused the accident has not yet been found.（泛指）
who 与whoever：
Who will go to Beijing on business has not been decided.（who表疑问，表示“谁”，
“哪一个”）
Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（whoever = anyone who，表示“无
论哪个人”）
4. 同位语从句注意与定语从句区别，同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法
位 置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置如：
The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.（同位idea在从句
中无位置，而从句只是具体说明idea的内容）
The idea that you put forward at the meeting is wrong.（定语从句，idea做put
forward 的宾语）

专项训练：
1. It was true _____ Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that
2. Does ____ matter much ____he can't come to the meeting.
A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether
3. --What are you anxious about? -- ____
A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed C. When can we succeed D.
That we can succeed