关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 高中公式大全 >

学英语的电影常见词根词缀

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-11 09:40
tags:abjure

高考有几科-河南企业复工时间

2021年1月11日发(作者:计德)

第一部分:英语常见词根词缀表

使用说明:下表中黑体字部分为词根和前后缀及其变体;两斜杠之间的斜体字为词根词缀的
含义;其后是例词。变体和原体的含义相同,只是由于元音或辅音的发音关系,
原体发生了变化,产生了变体而已。

例如:在“a-, an- without, lacking, not asymmetric, apolitical, anemia”例条中,
a- 和 an- 为前缀,其中 an- 为 a- 的变体; without, lacking, not 为该前缀的含
义;而asymmetric, apolitical和anemia为例词。


前缀
:


































a-, an- without, lacking, not asymmetric, apolitical, asexual, anemia, anarchy
ab-, a-, abs- from, away from abduct, abjure, abdication, avert, abstain
ad-, ac-, af-, ag-, an-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- to, forward admit, adjure, accord, affliction,
aggregation, annexation, apparition, arraignment, assumption, attendance
ambi- both ambidextrous, ambivalent
amphi- round, about amphitheater, amphigens
an-, ana- up; up through, back anatomy, analysis, anachronism
ante-, anti- before antecedent, antebellum, anticipate
anti- counter, against antibiotic, antibody, antisocial, antifascist
apo- away, from apostasy, apostle
ar-, arch- chief, principal archangel, archenemy, architect
be- to make, to take from belittle, befriend, betake, bespeak
belli- war belligerent, rebellious, bellicose
ben-, bon- good, well benefit, benediction, benign, bonus
bi- two bicycle, bilateral, bisect, bipolar, bivalence
biblio- book bibliography, bibliophile, Bible
by- aside or apart from the common, secondary by-product, bypass, byname
cat- downwards, under, against catacomb, catechise, catastrophe
circu-, circum- around circumnavigation, circumlocution, circumspection, circuit
com-, con-, col-, cor-, co- together, with combine, compassion, contract, concentric,
collaborate, correspond, cooperation
contra- against contradiction, contraband, contrast
de- down from, away decapitate, dehydrate, dehumanize, degrade
demi- a half or a part of demi-god, demilune, demiwolf
di-, dia- through, across diode, diameter, dialog, dialectics
dif-, dis- not, the opposite, apart different, diffuse, disagree, divert, dispel
dys- badly, with difficulty, hard dyscrasia, dyslexia, dyspepsia
e- out emigrant, egress, emit, elope, ejaculate, eject
ec-, ef-, ex- an outcome of effect, effulgence, ecstasy, eccentric, expire
em-, en- to make employ, embrace, enable, enrich
em-, en- in, on, into encage, enclose, embalm, emphasis, energy
epi- on, outer, over epidermis, epicenter, epitaph
1















































equi- equal equilateral, equilibrium, equivalent
ex-, exo-, extra- from, out of, without export, exodus, exotic, ex-officio, extraordinary
eu- beautiful, good eulogize, eugenics, euphemism
for- not, against, away forget, forbid, forgo, forfend
fore- before, in front of forehead, foretell, forefather
hemi- a half hemisphere, hemistich, hemicrania
hetero- denoting dissimilarity heterogeneous, heterodox, heterarchy
homo- denoting similarity homogeneous, homonym, homosexual
hydro- water hydraulics, hydrometer, hydropathy
hyper- over, beyond, excessive hypertension, hypercritical, hypersensitive
hypo- under, beneath, down hypothesis, hypothermia, hypocrisy
im-, in-, il-, ir- in, into, on imbibe, import, income, input, illustration, irrigation
im-, in-, il-, ir- not impossible, immature, inconsiderate, ineffectual, illegal, irresponsible
infra- under, beneath infrared, infra-structure, infra-costal
inter- between international, interpersonal, interaction, Internet
intra-, intro- within intramural, intravenous, Intranet, introduction, introspection
iso- equality or similarity isocheimal, isochomatic
kilo- a thousand kilogram, kilowatt, kilometer
magna- big, great magnanimous, magnitude, magnum
macro- big macrocomputer, macrocontrol, macroeconomy
mal- bad, wrong malnutrition, maltreatment, malapropism
mega- of great size megaphone, megaton, megalopolis, megavolt
meta- beyond, transcending metaphor, metaphysics, meta-memory
micro- small microcomputer, microcontrol, microeconomy
milli- a thousand millennium, millimeter, millisecond
mis- bad, wrong mistake, misspelling, mispronounce, mislead
mono- one, alone monotony, monogamy, monochrome
multi- many multiple choice, multilateral, multimedia
neo- new neo-Confucianism, neolithic, neology, neodoxy
neu- non-partial neutral, neutron
neuro- nerve neurology, neurotic, neurasthemia
non- not, reversing the sense nonalignment, nonsmoker, nonsense
ob-, oc-, of-, o-, op- in the way of, against object, obsolete, occasion, offend, omit, oppose
omni- all omnivorous, omnibus, omniscient
out- beyond, exceeding outbid, outbreak
over- beyond, excessive overwork, overawe, overcoat
paleo- old, anscient paleoanthropology, paleobiology, paleolithic
pan-, panta- all, everything pan-America, pantomime, pandemonium
para- alike, comparison, unlike paraphrase, paradox, parody
peri- around peripheral, periscope, perimeter
poly- many polytechnic, polymer, polyglot
post- after postgraduate, posthumous, postwar
pre- before prewar, prepare, preposition, preschool
pro-, por-, pur- forward, forth progress, proceed, portend, pursue
pseud- false or spurious pseudo-science, pseudo-membrane, pseudonym
2













































re-, retro- back, again regression, review, retrospect, retrogressive
se- aside, separating secede, seduce, sedition, separate
semi- (hemi-) half, partly semiconductor, semifinal, semicircle, hemisphere
sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sus-, under submit, submarine, succeed, suffix, suggest, support
sustain, subsonic
super- above, greater, better supersonic, supermarket, superpower, superiority
syn-, sym- with, together sympathy, symmetry, synchronic, synonym
trans- across transport, transplant, translation, transcontinental
tri- three tricycle, triple, triangle
ultra- beyond, excessive, extreme ultrasonic, ultraviolet
un- not undecided, unimportant
under- beneath, lower in rank or degree underdog, underfeed, undercoat
uni- one unite, unification, uniform
up- upwards uproot, upcast, upstart
with- opposition, privation withdraw, withstand
后缀
:
-able, -ible adj. capable of, fit for eatable, workable, considerable, sizable
-ac adj. like, pertaining to cardiac, maniac
-age, -ance, -ence, -ancy, -ency n. signifying the state of being coinage, acceptance,
existence, constancy, consistency
-ate v. to make activate, motivate, originate
-cle, -cule adj. or n. small, little particle, sickle, animalcule, miniscule
-dom n. signifying dominion, office kingdom, officialdom
-er, -or, -eer n. one who worker, writer, professor, engineer
-fy v. to make beautify, purify, simplify
-ic, -ical adj. relating to, having the nature of historic, economic, biblical, mechanical
-ics n. study economics, physics, linguistics
-il, -ile adj. having the property of civil, juvenile, puerile, ductile
-ism n. action or practice, theory or doctrine mechanism, imperialism, dogmatism
-ist n. one who physicist, communist, cyclist
-ity n. condition, quality activity, flexibility, identity, probability, feasibility
-ize v. to make modernize, revolutionize, popularize, realize
-logy n. study, work geology, psychology, metallurgy
-ment, -mony n. the state of being experiment, movement, harmony, hegemony
-ness n. condition, quality, state of being carelessness, sadness, illness
-oid n. like, resembling asteroid, mongoloid, anthropoid
-ous, -ious, -ose adj. having the quality of industrious, dangerous, bellicose
-ship n. the state or quality of sportsmanship, partnership, friendship
-tion, -ation, -sion n. condition, the act of information, reflection, extroversion
-tude, -ty n. signifying the property attitude, altitude, radioactivity, tenacity
-ward(s) signifying direction eastward, homeward, upward
3


(
常见的拉丁或希腊语词尾
):










































-us cactus, alumnus, impetus (original plural form: “i”, alumni)
-a alumna, vita, formula (original plural form: “i”, alumni, or “ae”, formulae)
-um datum, curriculum (original plural form: “a”, data, curricula)
-ia, -sis, -tis (medical terms) anoxia, anemia, dyslexia, tuberculosis, hepatitis, meningitis
词根
:
-acr- sharp acrimonious, acerbity, acidulate
-act-, -ag- to do action, reaction, agent,
-aev- age, era primeval, coeval, medieval
-agog- leader demagogue, pedagogue
-agri-, -agrari- field agriculture, agrarian, peregrination
-ali- another alias, aliens, inalienable
-ann-, -en- year annual, anniversary, centennial, biennial
-anim- spirit unanimous, magnanimous, animation
-anthrop- human anthropology, misanthrope, philanthropist
-aqua- water aquatic sports, aquarium, aquanaut
-arch- government, chief, leader monarchy, anarchy, archbishop
-aster-, -astro-, -stellar- star asteroid, astronomy, constellation
-audi- hear auditor, auditorium, audio-visual lab
-auto- self autobiography, automation, automobile, autism
-belli- fight, war bellicose, belligerent, rebellion
-bio- life biology, biography, biochemical, antibiotics
-bon-, -ben- good bonus, debonair, benefit, benign, benediction
-brev- short brief, abbreviate, brevity
-cad-, -cas- to fall cadence, decadent, accident
-cap-, -capt-, -cep- to take capture, precept, participate
-cap-, -capit- head, chief capital, captain, decapitation, per capita income
-carn- flesh, body carnivore, incarnation
-ced-, -cess- go, move, yield precede, recede, succeed, antecedent, secede, process
-cent- one hundred century, centennial, percentage, centigrade, centipede
-centr- center central, concentric, centrifugal, concentrate
-chrom- color monochrome, trichromatic chromosome
-chron- time chronology, anachronism, synchronic, chronicle
-cid-, cis- cut incision, homicide, precision
-cit- call excite, incite, recite
-civi- citizen civil, civilian, civilization
-clam- to cry out clamorous, acclamation, exclaim
-claud-, -claus-, -clos-, -clud- to close claustrophobia, enclose, conclude
-cogno- knowledge, knowing cognition, recognition, incognito, acognostic
-comp- to fill complete, complement, comply
-cord- heart accord, cordial, discord
4















































-corp- body corpse, corps, incorporation, corporeal
-cred- to believe credence, incredulous, incredible
-cur- to care curator, sinecure, to cure
-curr-, -curs- course, to run excursion, current, precursor, curriculum
-cycle- cycle bicycle, tricycle, recycle
-dat- to give data, mandate, date
-demo- people demography, democracy, demagogue, epidemic
-deb- to owe debt, indebtedness, debenture
-derm- skin epidermis, pachyderm, dermatology
-di-, -diurn- daytime diary, diurnal, journal
-dic- say, speak dictation, dictionary, dictator, contradiction
-doc- to teach docile, doctrine, document, doctor
-domin- to rule dominate, domain, indomitable
-duc- lead aqueduct, conductor, education, viaduct
-dynam- power, strength dynamite, dynamo, dynamics
-ego- self egocentric, egotism
-erg- to work energy, ergatocracy, metallurgy
-err- to wander, to deviate error, erratic, errand
-fact-, -fect- make, do factory, manufacture, effect, affect
-fall-, -fals- to deceive fallacy, infallible, falsification
-fer- to bring, to bear ferry, transfer, coniferous, refer
-flect- bend inflexible, reflect
-gam- marriage monogamy, bigamy, polygamy
-gen- produce, birth gene, generator, eugenic, generation
-geo- earth geology, geothermal, geometric
-graph-, -gram- writing geography, biography, telegram, diagram
-greg- group, together gregarious, aggregate, egregious
-helio- the sun heliotrope, heliograph, helium
-homo- of human homicide, homunculus,
-hydr- water, of hydrogen hydraulic, dehydrate, hydrotherapy, hydrocarbon, hydroxide
-it-, -itiner- journey, road exit, itinerary, reiterate
-jac-, -jec- to throw ejaculate, project, reject
-jur- to swear jury, abjure, perjury, jurisdiction
-lab-, -labor- to work laboratory, collaborate, laborious
-leg- law legislature, legal, legitimate
-leg-, -lect- to choose election, select, legible, eligible
-lib- book library, libretto, libel
-locu-, -log-, -loq- to talk elocution, monologue, soliloquy, eloquent
-luc- light elucidate, lucid, translucent
-magn- big, great magnum, magnanimous, magnify
-man- hand manufacture, manuscript, manicure, emancipation
-mar-, -mer- sea, ocean submarine, mermaid, marinology
-mit-, -miss- send transmit, emit, transmission, emission, permit, permission
-mon-, -monit- to warn admonish, premonition, monitor
-morph- form, structure morphology, morpheme, anthropomorphism
5















































-mort-, -mori- death mortal, mortuary, moribund
-nav- ship navy, navigation, naval
-onym-, -nom- name synonym, pseudonym, nomenclature, nomination, misnomer
-oper- to work operation, cooperate, opera
-pac- peace pacify, pacifist, Pacific Ocean
-pathy- feeling sympathy, antipathy, telepathy, empathy
-pel- to drive compel, dispel, repel, propel
-pet-, -petit- to seek petition, compete, appetite
-phil- love Anglophile, hydrophilic, philosophy, philanthropist
-phob- hate, fear claustrophobia, acrophobia, xenophobia
-phon- sound telephone, microphone, phonology
-pod-, -ped- foot tripod, pedestrian, centripetal
-pon-, -pos- position postpone, position, preposition, positive
-polis- city metropolis, Indianapolis
-port- carry porter, portable, transport, exportation
-pseudo- false, sham pseudonym, pseudo-science, pseudology, pseudomorph
-psych- mind psychology, psychoanalysis, psywar
-put-, -putat- to trim, to calculate amputate, compute, putative, reputation
-que-, -qui- to ask question, query, request, inquisitive, prerequisite
-rid-, -ris- to laugh ridiculous, risibility, derision
-rog- to ask interrogate, prerogative, derogatory
-rupt- to break rupture, interrupt, eruption, bankrupt
-sci- knowledge science, omniscient, consciousness
-scrib-, -script- write scribble, inscribe, description, prescription, manuscript, scripture
-sed-, -sess- to sit session, sedentary, president, residence
-sens-, -sent- to think, to feel sense, sensitive, sensation, resent, consent
-sequ-, -secut- follow sequence, consequence, consecutive
-sol-, -solut- to loosen solvent, solution, absolve, dissolute, absolute
-son- sound subsonic, consonant, resonant, ultrasonic
-spect- look at spectrum, inspection, circumspection, retrospection
-spir- breathe spirit, aspiration, respiration
-soph- wise philosophy, sophisticate, sophomore
-tang-, -tact- to touch tangent, tangible, contact, contingent
-tele- far television, telephone, telediagnosis, telex
-temp- mood temper, temperament, temptation, contemptuous
-tempor- time temporary, contemporary, extemporaneous, temporize
-ten-, -tent- to hold tenable, tenacity, content, tenure
-terr- land, earth territory, subterranean, extraterrestrial, Mediterranean, inter
-theo-, -the- god theology, atheism, theory, pantheism
-therm- heat thermos bottle, thermometer, geothermal energy
-urb- city urban, suburban, urbane
-urn- day diurnal, nocturnal, journal
-ven-, -vent- come intervene, prevention, convention
-ver- true verify, verily, verisimilar, veracious
-via- way viaduct, deviation, trivial
6


















-vid-, -vis- see video, visualize, vision, vista
-vinc-, -van- conquer victory, invincible, vanquish, vanity
-voc-, -vok- call vocation, revoke, invoke, provoke
-volv-, -volut- to roll, to turn evolve, revolve, convolution

7

第二部分:英语构词法
1. Loan-words (英语借词举例):
A) Latin: altar, candle, creed, cup, font, mass, shrine, ad hoc, a priori, vice versa
B) Greek: analysis, angel, cosmetic, epidemic, monopolist, psychology, zoology
C) French: art, arrest, court, government, literature, memoir, people, pork, reservoir, tax
D) German: blitzkrieg, kindergarten, mesmerize, noodle, plunder, standpoint, waltz, zinc
E) Spanish: alligator, armada, bizarre, cargo, cork, domino, filibuster, parade, risk
F) Italian: artisan, balcony, canto, caprice, falsetto, model, profile, sonata, stanza, tempo
G) Russian: argosy, commissar, gulag, mammoth, mazurka, slave, steppe, vampire,
H) Chinese: lacquer, litchi, nankeen, sampan, tea, typhoon, Taoism, Confucianism
I) Japanese: bushido, go, judo, kamikaze, kimono, tatami
J) Arabian: admiral, bazaar, caravan, check, chess, coffee, hazard, lemon, lilac, orange
K) American Indian: caucus, moose, opossum, raccoon, skunk, squaw, totem, wigwam
(There are other language sources, such as Portuguese (albatross, apricot), Sanskrit (crimson, jungle), Dutch (hoist,
hold, sniff), Egyptian (sack, oasis, paper), Mexican (cocoa, tomato, chili) and so on. Limited by space, the samples are
not presented here.)

2. Compounding (复合法):
A) Compound Nouns:
n. + n. workshop, classmate, bookshelf, lifesaver, obesity-doctor, color-film, gold-smith
prep. + n. she-wolf, he-bear, she-tiger, he-man
n. + v. + ing air-conditioning, shoe-making, rope-walking, apple-polishing
a. + n. blacksmith, software, highway, supermarket, greenhouse, hotpot
v. + n. scarecrow, telltale, breakfast, turncoat, walkman
v. + ing + n. freezing-point, building-material, looking-glass, running-nose (dog)
adv. + v. offspring, downpour, outbreak, input, income
n. + a. snow-blind, colorblind, seasick, lovelorn, computer-illiterate
v. + adv. breakthrough, feedback, diehard, takeoff, standstill, pullover
prep. + n. inland, counterattack, afternoon, overcoat, by-product

B) Compound Adjectives:
a. +n. + ed. smooth-tongued, cold-blooded, narrow- minded, high-nosed
num. + n. + ed. one- sided, five-storied, six-cornered, double-faced
n. + n. + ed. chicken-hearted, half- hearted, honey-mouthed, iron-willed, gold-coated
n.+v.+pp. water-powered, self-educated, heartbroken, weather-beaten, homemade, heartfelt
n. + v. + ing. peace-keeping, law-abiding, time-saving, truth-telling, fact-finding
n. + a. blood-thirsty, ice-cold, snow-white, skin-deep, knee-deep, homesick, test-wise
a. + n. high-grade, first-class, long-range, new-type, second-hand
adv. + v. + ing everlasting, far-reaching, hardworking, ill- fitting
adv. + pp. so-called, well- informed, widespread, well-known
a. + a. darkblue, bloody-red, bittersweet, deadalive, white-hot
prep. (or conj.) out-of-door, life-and-death, word-for-word, wait-and-see

C) Compound Verbs:
adv. + v. overtake, uplift, uproot, underline, hard-land, mass-produce

8

n. + v. airdrop, earmark, spacewalk, typewrite, babysit, nosedive, brainwash
a. + v. safeguard, white-wash, cold-shoulder, double-check, blue- print dumbfound

3. Phrase-hyphen (连字符法):
They face a damned-if-they-do, damned-if- they-don’t choice; forget-me-not;
a not-so- strong team; no-war, no-peace stalemate; cards-on-the-table approach;
the-end- justifies-the-means philosophy; a matter-of-fact tone;
Women have passed the jump-on-the- chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era.

4) Conversions (词性转换法):
n. -> v. to knife, to house, to water, to helicopter, to man, to wine and dine
v. -> n. give somebody a push, this year’s pick, a cheat, a good kick, a crack shot
a combine, a rethink
a. -> n. the old, the rich, the accused, the deaf-and-mute, for good, be a moderate,
through thick and thin, the illegal, a gay

5) Blending (混成法):
head + ending: smog, motel, heliport, infortainment, inforbahn, chunnel, brunch
word + ending: workaholic, workfare, lunarnaut,
head + word: medicare, psywar, telediagnosis
head + head: comsat, Amerind, memcom (memorandum conversation), telex,

6) Clipping (剪裁法):
A: tail-clipping: ad, lab, heli(copter), math, gym, biz (business) bike, comfy (comfortable)
B: head-clipping: bus, (para)shute, phone, (heli)copter, plane, (earth)quake
C: head and tail clipping: (re)fridge(rator), (in)flu(enza), (de)tec(tive)

7) Acronym (首字母合成法):
radar : radio detecting and ranging
laser: light-wave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
UFO, UNESCO, VIP, WHO, NATO, OPEC, ASEAN, N-bomb, D-day

8) Proper Noun Conversion (专有名词转用法):


watt, hertz, volt, ampere, china, pasteurize, champagne, waterloo, xerox

9

美丽的祖国-真情无限


可爱的近义词-元旦作文600字


美丽的校园-新郑二中


手牵手歌词-学业生涯规划


是也是造句-过生日送什么礼物最好


如何坚持群众路线-代购代销


公务礼仪培训-全国党校工作会议


以目标为话题的作文-托福报名时间



本文更新与2021-01-11 09:40,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/508643.html

常见词根词缀的相关文章