午饭时间英语即兴演讲技巧

2021年1月11日发(作者：元行恭)
Host: Last February, Chun Shu, a Chinese writer in her early twenties,
appeared on the cover of Time magazine. She was referred to by the U.S.
Editor as one of a group of post-eighties writers in also
includes Guo Jingming, Zhang Yueran and Han Ham All these writers recount
their personal feelings and express their individuality in their works, and they
have a large group of readers and supporters. However, there is some concern
that the cynical attitude towards life that they express might have a negative
effect on young readers. Do you also fear it will have such negative effects?
Thanks.
Thank you for your afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.
My topic of today's speech is
to argue in two park. First, I would like to argue why people are afraid that
literatures will set a negative effect on our lives. And second part I will
share some of my thoughts with you.
开宗明义。演讲人首先明确的告知听众演讲的主题，使用brief introduction
sentence to get attention。在临场的匆忙之中仍然想出来一个很好的题目Make
Our Voice Heard，并且将自己的论述分为两部分，有条不紊，令人感叹。
Why those people are afraid of these kind of literature? I'm afraid that
they are afraid of that teenagers are liked to imitate others. And teenager
is just a crucial point for us to shape our personality, our view of life, and
our value of the world. They're afraid of that we follow the bad example
and lead a bad life in the future. And that's why my parents, my family,
and even the government would like to propose where thought those
kind of literature as cynical ones.
本段讨论人们对此类文学作品表示忧虑的原因：担心青少年模仿。思路很清晰。
也正是在正文中cove r the main points。但大概由于临场的因素，出现了一些浯
法方面的错误，如：I'm afraid of that…，they are afraid of that…，虽然不影响
理解，仍然是个遗憾。
演讲人将《麦田守望者》与郭敬明的作品相比较，为下文打下铺垫。用文学名著
作为论证的材料 ，很有说服力。
But I would like to share some of my thoughts with you. Before I read
the book of Mr. Guo Jingming's novel, I read another fiction called the
Catcher the Rye. In that book, I also read sex, violence, murder, and
rebellion. But that book was regarded as one of the masterpiece in
American history and awarded the Pulitzer Prize. I could not see any
difference between Mr. Guo Jingming's novel and The Cateber in the Rye,
because they expressed the attitude as our teenagers and adolescents
we feel about the world.
Now let me give you my three reasons, why we can read this kind of a
book and f am not afraid of tile fears of the side effect. First, those
literatures are not all bad. They have some positive points. They
advocate friendship, love, loyalty, and so on. One of my roommates even
cried after reading those books, He said that it is the first.., it was the first
time in his life that he felt that a friendship was that precious, because
the stories depicted in his novel, reflect him of the old times he spent in
his high school. And he bought four books of Mr. Guo Jingming's Never
Flowers in Never Dream (Meng Li Hua Luo Zhi Duo Shao) and sent them
to his friends. And his friends wrote a long letter to him. I think this is
what we lack today, the communication between friends. But the
literature seems to bridge the gap.
本段从三个方 面指出此类作品不会产生负面影响的原因。首先指出第一个作品本
身亦有其可取之处。并以其宦友的亲身 经历为例作出了令人信服的论证。这样就
使演讲personalized，so that audience can relate more easily to personal
topics—they probably have similar experiences．
And the second reason is that we are not living in a world where
everything is depicted as good. We are living in a world of good and evil,
evil and holy. So, to that extent, if I am confined in a world where
everything is depicted as good, I will feel quite perplexed when I am
facing the real world. Does the real world really resemble what I read in
the novel? We need something positive, also we need something cynical.
And the third reason is that our generation, I believe, have the sense
of self-discipline. We can make our own decision. For our parents, for
our families and for the government, they should resume, assume the
responsibility to remind us that what is good, what is bad, what is cynical
Make our voice be heard. This is my answer and I am not afraid of tile
side effects of those literature.
Thank you very much.

本段谈论演讲人的第二个观点：世界亦非完美无暇，文学就应该反应真实的世
界。
最后一点原因：当代年轻人可以自律。至此就分别从文学作品、社会、个人三
个方面透彻地 阐释了演讲人的观点。也正是通过从不同角度的分析，使听众接受
演讲人的观点。这一段中也出现了较为 明显的问题。
Host: And, the topic for your speech will be... In spite of the fact that there is
cutthroat competition within the film industry in China, there continues to be a
steep increase in the number of applicants for places at Chinese art institutes.
According to a Beiiing-based newspaper, more than ten thousand applicants
waited in line on a single day to register to apply for the Beijing Film Academy.
How do you perceive this struggle for stardom?

Thank you for the difficult question.
Well, to be honest with you, I'm not really familiar with the struggle for
stardom thing in China. But in the city where I come from, there is this
also as cutthroat as the one in Beijing here competition going on, and
perhaps I can share with you the experience we have there.
Let me tell you something. In the city where I come from, there is this
famous singing competition going on every week. And what they do is
that pick the best one, and the best one goes to the next week and it goes
on and on until one day that person is eliminated.
开场白中difficult的使用充分显示了演讲人的机智。因为这与普通的接题方
式Thank you for the question不同。演讲者是香港人，虽然她对主持人所问的内
地的情况 不甚了解，是一大劣势，但她却巧妙的地使用but转而谈到香港的情况；
also的使用使演讲的主题 不变。同时听众理解到演讲者要从另外一个角度解释同
一个问题。这种角度的变换使演讲者的劣势变成了 优势。听众既为其率真而打动，
又为其智慧而折服。
And there's this little five year old boy, and he has won five consecutive
championships, and then, of course, there were interviews and the news
coverage, and everything. And when the general public read the
newspaper. They frown at it. They said,
becoming a star.
famous singer and actor -- when he read the newspaper, he said,
that's great! But ask the boy to work hard. It's not easy.
这里演讲人以演唱比赛为切人点，以小男孩的参舞，点出了香 港人对当明星
十分热衷。以此呼应主持人提问。并且演讲人Support points with specifics．以
典型的例子支持论点。明星刘德华在内 地有很高的知名度，他的勤奋也是众所
周知，以他的话为例，让人十分信服。本段对general public和Andy Lau不同态
度的对 比，可以引起听众的思考。对比之中必有抑扬，也让听众对下段演讲人
过渡到自己的观点有了思 想上的准备
Ladies and gentlemen, I think if we use the word
too negative? I think better word for it is Being a star is
also profession. It is also a job that you need to work hard at. Success
does not come easy. Well, if we take a look at famous actors and
actresses such as lackie Chart, Chow Yun Fat, Andy Lau, Tony Lun, they
are all in their mid-forties, and even fifties. Yet, what do they have in
common? When they first became..., when they first started their careers
as a star, or as an actor, they were described as Poison,
meaning nobody would see their films. But did they give up? No, they
didn't, they didn't give up. They have been working hard all the way. And
now they are famous. All over the world. All over Asia. And are they
proud of themselves? Well, I suppose so. But still they work very hard.
Look at Andy Lau. He's still striving for the best all the time. Every year
are awards.
本段中演讲人明确地 提出了自己的观点。并且在临场仍然明确地区分struggle
和strive，显示出演讲人深厚的 语言功底。演讲人接着由例子过渡到谈话主题：
当明星是一种职业，巧妙地把struggle的主题过 渡到strive，进而谈到Being a star
is also a profession ．把不熟悉的主题struggle过渡到谈明星的成功这个比较熟悉
的话题。这种演讲技巧十分重要， 因为在短暂的几十秒钟内谈论一个十分陌生的
话题，实在有难度，但是这位演讲者的巧妙过渡，既没有跑 题，又谈了熟悉的话
题，因此这种技巧值得学习。同时，本段列举众多内地观众十分熟悉地明星成名经历作为brief examples，做论据，支持自己的观点，使论据可靠而有力。这两
句话Al lover the world．All over Asia．若能调换顺序，就更加顺畅。

Ladies and gentlemen, I think there's nothing wrong if you want to be
a star. It's a profession. It's a job that everybody can work for it if
you really want it. But there are qualities that you need to possess if
you want to be a star. Of Course you have to be hard- working, like Andy
Lau, like Chow Yun Fat. They're all very hard-working.
And there is also something very, important. It is you have to have a
genuine interest in this film industry. This genuine interest is very
important. Because a lot of people are interested in the money, instead of
the job. They just look at the statistics, like just now I was waiting in my
room and I was reading this news article, there's a chart telling the
people how many...well, how much those stars in China are making, l/Veil,
if you are only attracted by those statistics, by the figures, the money,
well, then, I do not think you can be a star. There are people who have a
genuine interest in becoming a singer, like there are people who have
been taking acting classes, who have been acting in secondary schools,
in college like that. They have a genuine interest. Yet, then go for it.
本段讨论了成为明星的第三个素质：感兴趣[genuine Interest]，并且列举了生
活中的一些实例[people only interested in money rather than film industry)来论证
自己的观点。这样 在立论的同时也驳斥了为金钱而当明星的错误观点。有立有废，
论证严谨

Ladies and gentlemen, well, I think the competition is also good.
When there's a competition, we can ensure the quality. When there's no
competition, well, we have to have whatever is given to us. When there's
competition, we can pick what we want. Isn't that something good?
Ladies and gentlemen, it is what I think for that struggle for stardom.
Thank you very much.

结论部分是one—sentence review of the points she presented in her talk．由“为
当明星而打拼”引申到一般意义上的竞 争，既紧扣主题，又加以升华。以一个反
问句Isn't it something good?结尾，进一步强化了演讲人的观点。这样的结尾达到
了short and to the point的效果。通过Ladies and gentlemen提示听众演讲接近尾
声，重提主持 人的问题，以告知听众她一直围绕这个主题展开演讲，给听众一个
完整的结尾。
本篇是获得第 10届“21世纪·外教社杯”全国英语演讲比赛季军的香港选手张阿旭
的即兴演讲。演讲充分显示了演 讲人的机敏、临场应变能力和扎实的语言功底。
通篇逻辑十分的清晰，而且演讲人娓娓道来，丝毫没有演 讲的做作，却又极富感
染力。在即兴演讲这一部分，本篇演讲人明显高人一筹。据演讲者本人介绍，这< br>与她所在的学校要求学生做很多即兴的presentationn
即兴演讲（impromptu speech），顾名思义，就是指临场的、毫无准备的演讲。
在前面 所提到的两大比赛中，即兴演讲所占时间为1~3分钟，分值所占比重为
30%~40%，在比赛中的地 位十分重要。如果参赛选手想要取得优秀的成绩，那么
就一定要在该部分取得高分。
即兴演讲对于使用母语演讲的人来说都非常困难，更何况是使用非母语演讲的选