渔叉上海市实验学校2019-2020学年高三九月月考英语试题(解析版)

2021年1月12日发(作者：狄仁杰)
SES 2020
届高三九月月考英语卷
1.
考试时间
120
分钟，试卷满分
140
分
2.
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第
I
卷和第Ⅱ卷，全卷共
10
页。所 有答题必须涂
(
选择题
)
或写
(
非选择题
)
在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.
答题前，务必将二维码贴在答题纸的指定位置上。
第
I
卷
I. Listening
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end
of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read
the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question
you have heard.
1. A. Spend more time working on chemistry problems.
B. Talk to his advisor about dropping the course.
C. Work on the assignment with a classmate.
D. Ask graduate assistants for help.
2. A. Go home to get the washing. B. Send dirty clothes to the laundry.
C. Pick up the washing. D. Remind the woman to hurry up.
3. A. The woman could use his calculator.
B. He'll finish the adding up for the woman.
C. The woman's calculator is better than his.
D. He's faster at adding numbers up than the woman.
4. A. The final will begin next week.
B. The man should talk with his doctor again.
C. She hopes the man will be able to play in the final.
D. She wants the man to watch the soccer game with her.
5. A. The advisor will approve of the man's class schedule.
B. The advisor is not easy to make an appointment with.
C. The man should work harder next semester.
D. The man should go to see his advisor.
6. A. An educational policy. B. An economic issue.
C. A heated debate. D. A famous economist.
7. A. The former is more valued than the latter.
B. Views on them vary from person to person.
C. The former is less valued than the latter.
D. Neither of them should be valued so much.
8. A. Disappointed. B. Puzzled. C. Astonished. D. Relieved.
9. A. Why the woman took up this job.
B. Why there are ice-cream tasting schools.
C. How the man went into the ice- cream business.
D. How it feels to work as an ice-cream taster.
10. A. They can go to the theater on foot.
B. The theater is on the other side of the town.
C. This town is big enough to walk around.
D. Everything in the town is worth visiting.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each
passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation
will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read
the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question
you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.
11. A. A doctor. B. A model. C. A TV host. D. A magazine editor.
12. A. Kirsty is very likely to develop an eating disorder.
B. Teen programmes talk a lot about appearance.
C. Being thin is a common trend.
D. Magazines are informative.
13. A. How to develop a healthy diet.
B. Whether the media are a bad influence.
C. How to follow famous people's lifestyles.
D. Whether your appearance should matter or not.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news report.
14. A. Peary wasn't an experienced explorer.
B. He had reached the pole before Peary did.
C. Peary had announced his success too late.
D. Peary’s exploration wasn't thoroughly investigated.
15. A. They interviewed Peary himself.
B. They examined the tools that Peary used.
C. They talked to one of Peary's companions.
D. They conducted a computer analysis of his photographs.
16. A. Exploration of space.
B. Doctor Cook's exploration.
C. Exploration of the South Pole.
D. The Navigation Foundation's conclusions.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A biologist. B. A psychologist. C. An artist. D. A reporter.
18. A. Talents play a role in children's overall development.
B. Typical parental involvement is not as important as thought.
C. Arts training will improve children's performance in other subjects.
D. Children need to be assigned to different groups according to their ability.
19. A. Its subjects were young children.
B. It showed what skill is essential to maths.
C. It illustrated why abstract reasoning is important.
D. Its results helped explain why parents turn to arts education.
20. A. Possibly by helping activate children’s brains.
B. Possibly by helping raise educators’ awareness.
C. Possibly by helping children learn how to learn.
D. Possibly by helping scientists find a rich environment
II. Grammar Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use
one word that best fits each blank.
About 100 years ago, one of the founders of modern linguistics, Ferdinand de Saussure, wrote that the
relationship
____1____
the sounds we make and the concepts they express are arbitrary(
任意的，随意的
). Many have
long agreed. But now the inherent(
内在的
) randomness of human language
___2___
(challenge) by a large new study
published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
___3___
analyzed 100 basic words in 3,700
languages around the world. In short: Certain words tend to contain or omit certain sounds in a significant number of
these languages, and the consistency is “stronger than we’d expect by chance.” The team of physicists, linguists, and
computer scientists from the US, Argentina and Europe took a “big data approach” to sixty two percent of the world’s
languages. And one of
____4____
tells the Washington Post.
Among their many findings is
___5___
the word for nose contains the sound “n” in more than 1,400 languages,
___6___
(range) from “nev” in Icelandic and “hana” in Japanese to “kon” in Sar and “naris” in Spanish. Ditto(
同上，
同前
) the sound “s” in sand. The researchers don’t yet know why, although they’ve ruled out the idea of there
___7___
(be) one original language. It’s not the first study
______8______
(suggest) a biological basis for the sounds
we appoint to objects ---- something
____9____
(call) the “bouba/kiki” effect dates back to 1929, suggesting that most
humans think the fake word “bouba” sounds like a rounded shape while the fake word “kiki” sounds spiky(
带尖刺
的
). A separate researcher tells the Telegraph that some words may date back from
_____10_____
babies can first say,
such as “mama”, but says the study “looked at too few words to make any firm conclusions.”
【答案】
1.
between


2.
is being challenged


3.
which
4.
them


5.
that
6.
ranging


7.
being
8.
to suggest


9.
called
10.
what
【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对人类语言的新研究发现。
【
1
题详解】

考查介词。句意：大约
100
年前 ，现代语言学的奠基人之一费迪南德
·
德
·
索绪尔
(Ferdina nd de Saussure)
写道，
我们发出的声音和它们表达的概念之间的关系是任意的 。此处指两者之间，用介词
between“
两者之间
”
，故
填between
。
【
2
题详解】

考查现在进行时态 的被动语态。句意：但现在，人类语言固有的随机性正受到《美国国家科学院院刊》上
发表的一项大型新 研究的挑战，这项研究分析了全球3700种语言中的100个基本词汇。此处句子主语
the
inherent randomness of human language
和
challenge
之间是一种被动关系，是单数第三人称形式，再根据句中
的
now
，可知句子用一般现在进行时态的被动语态，故填
is being challenged
。
【
3
题详解】

考查非限制性定 语从句。句意：但现在，人类语言固有的随机性正受到《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表的
一项大型新研究 的挑战，这项研究分析了全球3700种语言中的100个基本词汇。此处
study
是先行词 ，指
物，分析句子结构，先行词在后面的定语从句中作主语，且
that
不能引导非限 制性定语从句，故填
which
。
4
题详解】

考查人称代词宾格。句意：其中一人告诉《华盛顿邮报》。此处
one of ____4_ ___
是句子主语，而介词
of
后面应该用代词宾格指代上句提到的
phys icists, linguists, and computer scientists
，故填
them
。
【
5
题详解】

考查全部倒装和主语从句。句意：他们发现，从冰岛 语的“nev”和日语的“hana”，到西班牙语的“kon”
和“naris”的
1400
多种语言中，
“nose”
这个词含有
“n”
的发音。此处是全部倒 装，而句子的主语是一个主
语从句，分析句子结构，这个主语从句不缺少成分，所以引导词只起引导作用 ，故填
that
。
【
6
题详解】

考查现在分词 作伴随状语。句意：他们发现，从冰岛语的“nev”和日语的“hana”，到西班牙语的“kon”
和“naris”的1400多种语言中，“nose”这个词含有“n”的发音。此处
languag es
和
range
之间是主动关
系，是现在分词作伴随状语，故填
r anging
。
【
7
题详解】

考查
there be
句型的非谓语形式。句意：尽管他们已经排除了存在一种原始语言的想法，研究人员还不知道
为什么。介词
of
后面用动名词作宾语，是
there be
的动名词形式
there being
，故填
being
。
【
8
题详解】

考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：这并不是第一个 提出我们赋予物体声音的生物学基础的研究。固定搭
配：
the +序序序 … to do sth.
“做某事的第一个……”。此处是动词不定式作后置定语，起修饰限制作用。故
填to suggest
。
【
9
题详解】

考查过去分 词作后置定语。句意：一种被称为
“bouba/kiki”
效应的现象可以追溯到
1 929
年，这表明大多数人
认为
“bouba”
这个假单词听起来像一个圆形 ，而
“kiki”
这个假单词听起来像一个尖尖的。此处
something
和
call
之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填
called
。
【
10
题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意：另一名研究人员告诉《 每日电讯报》，有些词可能可以追溯到婴儿第一次会说
“
妈妈
”
之类的话，但 他说，这项研究
“
只看了很少的几个词，无法得出任何确切的结论
”
。此处介 词
from
后面是一
个宾语从句，从句缺少引导词和宾语，
what
能其双重作用。故填
what
。
Section B
Directions:
Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.

To many of us, the bilateral symmetry
（左右对称）
that characterizes the human face and the animal kingdom
may be one of the first impressions we get of the world. If you reflect the left half of the face or body in a mirror, you
obtain something that closely
___11___
the right half. Bilateral symmetry is so common that it could
___12___
be
due to chance. If you think of the human body as a collection of some ten thousand trillion molecules, then there are
countless ways to combine them into non- symmetrical shapes than into symmetrical ones. Why is it, then, that
bilateral symmetry is so common? Given that all life on Earth slowly
___13___
through natural selection, the fact that
we and many animals possess left- right symmetry, not, say, up-down or front-back symmetry, must have somehow
___14___
certain advantages. But how?
We can understand at least some parts of this natural “engineering”
___15___
by considering some simple
physical principles. First, on the surface of the Earth, the Earth’s gravity introduces a
___16___
difference between
up and down. Animals had to be able to remain stable and to cope with their weight under Earth’s perpetual
downward pull. The ability to move further enhanced the difference between top and bottom. On one hand, birds had
to handle the aerodynamics of flying, and on the other, be able to handle landing. Land animals had to develop some
“mechanical” appendages (in other words, legs) to allow them to
___17___
themselves efficiently.
Animal locomotion was probably also
___18___
for the front-back asymmetry. Whether it was a bird, or a fish,
having the sensory organs and the mouth in the front could mean the difference between finding lunch or missing it.
The digestive and reproductive systems were pushed to the rear. Having eyes, ears, and noses in the front was also
___19___
for the avoidance of predators, and for the ability to explore an area before actually entering it. Life
___20___
that are fixed in one place or that move very slowly, such as trees or jellyfish, tend to have a different kind
of symmetry, similar to that of a cone(
球果
) — they produce similar reflections in any mirror passing through their
central axis.
【答案】
11.
D
12.
J


13.
C
14.
E


15.
K
16.
F


17.
B
18.
I


19.
H
20.
G
【解析】

这是一篇说明为。文章介绍了人类与动物在对称上的区别。对大多数人来说 人类面部和动物王国的对称特
征可能是我们对世界的第一印象之一。我们和许多动物都具有左右对称的特 征，而不是上下对称或前后对
称，这一事实在某种程度上赋予了我们某些优势。
【
11
题详解】

考查一般现在时态。句意：如果你把脸或身体的左 半边反射到镜子里，你就得到了与右半部分非常相似的
东西。结合句意可知此处用动词
rese mble“
类似，想象
”
，再根据句子用一般现在时态，
something
是先行词，
所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填
D
。
【
12
题详解】

考查副词。句意：左右对称是如此普遍，以至于它 几乎不可能是偶然的。此处hardly“几乎不”是副词，
修饰整个句子，符合句意。故选
J
。
【
13
题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：既然地球上所 有的生命都是通过自然选择慢慢进化而来的，那么我们和许多动物都
具有左右对称的特征，而不是上下对 称或前后对称，这一事实一定在某种程度上赋予了我们某些优势。此
处evolve“进化”是动词，句 子用一般过去时态evolved，符合句意。故选
C
。
【
14
题详解】

考查情态动词
must have do ne
的用法。句意：既然地球上所有的生命都是通过自然选择慢慢进化而来的，那
么我们和许多 动物都具有左右对称的特征，而不是上下对称或前后对称，这一事实一定在某种程度上赋予
了我们某些优 势。此处是must have done结构，表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测，grant“授予”是动< br>词，用过去分词的形式granted，符合句意。故选
E
。
【
15
题详解】

考查名词。句意：通过考虑一些简单的物理原理， 我们至少可以理解这个自然
“
工程
”
之谜的某些部分。此处
puzz le“谜，难题”为名词，符合句意。故选
K
。
【
16
题详解】

考查形容词。句意：在地球表面，地球的重力在上 下之间产生了明显的差异。此处是形容词作前置定语，
修饰
difference
。m arked“明显的”符合句意。故选
F
。
【
17
题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意：陆地动物必须发展出一些
“
机械
”
附属物
(
换句话说，腿
)
来让它 们有效地移动自己。
固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。此处t ransport“运输，流放”，是动词，作宾语
补足语，符合句意。故选
B
。
【
18
题详解】

be responsible for“
对
…
负责
”
。考查固定词组。句意：动物的运动也可能是造成前后不对称的 原因。固定词组：
符合句意。故选
I
。
【
19
题详解】

考查形容词。句意：在前面有眼睛、耳朵和鼻子也 是躲避捕食者的关键，也是在进入一个区域之前进行探
索的能力的关键。此处crucial“重要的， 决定性的”是形容词，作表语，be crucial for“对…是重要的”。
符合句意。故选
H
。
【
20
题详解】

考查名词复数。句意：固定在一个地方或移动非常 缓慢的生命形式，如树木或水母，往往有一种不同的对
称性，类似于圆锥体
——
它们在 通过其中轴的任何镜子中产生类似的反射。此处form“形式”，是名词，
和life forms一起构成句子的主语，故选
G
。
Ⅲ
. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the work or phrase that best fits the context.
Like it or hate it, when Kim Kardashian wears something, people take notice. With the reality TV star wearing
secondhand Azzedine Ala?a to Paris fashion week, secondhand Jean Paul Gaultier to a party and a secondhand 1990s
Thierry Mugler gown to an award ceremony, it
_____21_____
change is happening. Who would have thought that
Kardashian – a woman worth $$350m (?270m)– would be making a case for sustainable fashion?
As consumers become increasingly aware of the
______22______
impact of fashion, they are looking for a
more sustainable way to shop. Could
______23______
secondhand be the answer?
Vintage(
经典复古风格
), it seems, is increasingly
______24______
. High-end boutique Browns has also just
launched the label One Vintage, which uses antique textiles to create new clothes. Octavia Bradford, the womenswear
buyer for Browns, says: “
______25______
is the loudest conversation in fashion right now.”
A study shows that, last year, 64% of women were willing to buy pre-owned pieces compared with 45% in 2016
– and
______26______
, by 2028 13% of the clothes in women’s wardrobes will be secondhand. Fashion circularity, a
new term referring to the recycled life of clothes, is
_____27_____
to reach $$51bn in five years, up from the current
$$24bn, according to ThredUp’s annual resale report.
Stella McClure, the founder of the online shop The Stellar Boutique, has noticed a
_____28_____
. When she
opened 20 years ago “there was still a
_____29_____
attached. But now (thankfully) The Stellar Boutique is not just
acceptable – it’s cool and has completely
_____30_____
the fashion trends,” she says.
Aside from an increased
_____31_____
of sustainability, vintage fashion fits neatly into the wider mood of the
Instagram age, where authenticity and originality – not being seen in the same outfit as anyone else – are
_____32_____
. What better ways to stand out than to wear clothes few others are likely to own?
Not
_____33_____
to sit back and watch others profit from their vintage items, some luxury labels are
relaunching decades-old designs from their own archives. Last year,
_____34_____
, Dior brought back its saddle bag
because of the attention it was getting in the vintage fashion market. However, for some, buying vintage will never
feel quite right. “It’s really not my bag,” says Bates.
There are obvious
______35______
– sizing isn’t uniform, and, she says: “You have to be so careful to look for holes
and rips.”
21. A.
suggests

22. A.
cultural

23. A.
distributing

24. A.
in fashion

25. A.
Originality

26. A.
legally

27. A.
required

28. A.
symptom

29. A.
right

30. A.
broken

31. A.
potential

32. A.
reversed

33. A.
considerate

34. A.
for instance

35. A.
expectations

B.
maintains

B.
historical

B.
buying

B.
in effect

B.
Technology

B.
appropriately

B.
projected

B.
field

B.
label

B.
defined

B.
awareness

B.
questioned

B.
content

B.
as a result

B.
policies

C.
calculates

C.
environmental

C.
controlling

C.
out of date

C.
Profit

C.
likely

C.
guaranteed

C.
tradition

C.
shame

C.
captured

C.
lack

C.
ensured

C.
stressful

C.
by contrast

C.
traps

D.
advocates
D.
emotional
D.
decreasing
D.
under control
D.
Sustainability
D.
luckily
D.
warned
D.
shift
D.
price
D.
challenged
D.
power
D.
valued
D.
adventurous
D.
in addition
D.
reminders
【答案】
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C
31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是，不管你喜不喜欢，当金
·
卡戴珊
(Kim Kardashian)
穿某件衣服时，人们都会
注意到。随着消费者越来越意识到时尚对环境 的影响，他们正在寻找一种更可持续的购物方式。复古风似
乎越来越流行。可持续发展是目前时尚界最响 亮的话题。
【
21
题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位真人 秀明星在巴黎时装周上穿的是二手的阿瑟丁
?
阿拉亚
(Azzedine Alaia )
，
在派对上穿的是二手的让
?
保罗
?
高缇耶
(J ean Paul Gaultier)
，在颁奖典礼上穿的是二手的上世纪
90
年代 的蒂
埃里
?
穆勒
(Thierry Mugler)
礼服，这一切都表明，变化正在发生。
A. suggests
建议，表明；
B. maintains
维持，
C. calculates

计算；
D. advocates
主张，继续；提倡。根据
Who would have thought that Kardashian – a woman
worth $$350m (?270m)– would be making a case for sustainable fashion?“谁会想到卡戴珊
——
一个身价
3.5
亿美
元
(2.7< br>亿英镑
)
的女人
——
会为可持续时尚做贡献呢
?”
可 知，这
“
表明
”
变化在发生。故选
A
。
22
题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着消费者越来越意识到时尚对 环境的影响，他们正在寻找一种更可持续的
购物方式。
A. cultural
文化的；
B. historical
历史的；
C. environmental

环境的；
D. emotional
情绪的。根据
impact of fashion
和
they are looking for a more sustainable way to shop.
可知，时尚对
“
环境
”
产生了影响。故选
C
。
【
【
23
题详解】

二手货。故选
B
。
【
24
题详解】

【
25
题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：买二手货能解决问题吗
? A. distributing
干扰；
B. buying

买；
C. controlling
控
D. decreasing
减少。制；根据上句的
looking for a more sustainable way to shop
和
secondhand
可知，这 里指
“
买
”
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：复古风似乎越来越流行。
A. in fashion
流行；
B. in effect
实际上，生效；
C. out
of date
过期；
D. under control
处于控制之下。根据
Vi ntage
和
increasingly
以及第
5
空后的
t he loudest conversation
in fashion right now.
可知，此处指
“
流行
”
。故选
A
。 考查名词词义辨析。句意：
Browns
的女装采购员奥克塔维亚
?
布拉 德福德
(Octavia Bradford)
表示
:“
可持续发
”A. Originality
创意，
B. Technology

技术，
C. Profit
利益，展是目前时尚界最响亮的话题。独创性；工艺；
利润；
D. Sustainability
持续性。根据本段第一句中
they are looking for a more sustainable way to shop
可知，
这里指的是
“
持续性
”
。故选
D
。
【
26
题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：一项研究显示，去年，
64%
的女性愿意购买二手衣服，而
2016
年的这一比例为
45%
。到
2028
年，女性衣橱里可能会有
13%
的衣服是二手的。A. legally
合法地；
B. appropriately
适当地；
C. likely
很可能地；
D. luckily
幸运地。根据
compared with 45% in 2016
和
by 2028 13% of the clothes in women’s
wardrobes will be secondhand.
可知，这里表示一种推测，表 示
“
很可能
”
。故选
C
。
【
27
题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据
Thre dUp
的年度转售报告，
“
时装循环
”(Fashion circular ity)
是一个新术语，
指服装的循环使用寿命。该词预计将在
5
年内达到< br>510
亿美元，高于目前的
240
亿美元。
A. required
需要，
要求；
B. projected
规划，预测；
C. guaranteed
保证，提供；
D. warned
警告。根据空后的
to reach $$51bn in five
y ears
可知，这是一种
“
预测
”
。故选
B
。
【
28
题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：网上商店
the Stellar Boutique
的创始人斯特拉
?
麦克卢尔
(Stella McClure)
注意到了
A. symptom

症状；
B. field
领域；
C. tradition
传统；
D. shift
转移，这种转变。改变。根据上文
Fashion circularity,
a new term referring to the recycled life of c lothes,
可知，此处指注意到了
“
变化
”
。故选
D< br>。
【
29
题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：仍然有一种羞愧感。
A. right
正确，右边；
B. label
标签；
C. shame
羞愧；
D. price
价格。根据
When she opened 20 years ago
和
But now (thankfully) The Stellar Boutique is not just acceptable – it’s
cool and has completely _____10_____ the fashion trends
可知，这里表示
Stella McClure
感到
“
羞愧
”
。故选
C
。
【
30
题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很酷，完全抓住了时尚潮流。
A. broken
折断，损坏；
B. defined

下定义，
明确；
C. captured
俘虏，捕获；
D. challenged
挑战。根据
not just acceptable – it’s cool and has completely
_____10_____ the fashion trends,
可知，此处指
“
抓住了
”
时尚潮流 。故选
C
。
【
31
题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了越来越多的人开始意识到可持续性之外，
vintage fa shion
还很好地融入了
Instagram
时代更广泛的氛围，在这个时代，真实 性和原创性
——
不像其他人那样穿着同一套衣服
——
受到
重视。A. potential
潜能；
B. awareness
意识；
C. lack
缺乏；
D. power
力量，能力。根据
Aside from an increased
和
vintage fashion fits neatly into the wider mood of the Instagram age
可知，这里指 越来越多的人开始
“
意识到
”
。
故选
B
。
【
32
题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了越来越多的人开始意识到可持续性之外，
vintage fa shion
还很好地融入了
Instagram
时代更广泛的氛围，在这个时代，真实 性和原创性
——
不像其他人那样穿着同一套衣服
——
受到
重视。A. reversed
颠倒；
B. questioned
询问；
C. ensured
确保；
D. valued
重视，评价，估价。此处指受到
“
重
视
”
。故选
D
。
【
33
题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些奢侈品牌不满足 于坐视他人从自己的古董产品中获利，它们正在重新推
出自己收藏了几十年的设计。
A. considerate
体贴的；
B. content
满意的；
C. stressful
有压力的；
D. adventurous
充满冒险的。根据
watch others profit from their vintage items
可知，此处指
“
不满足
”
。故选
B
。
【
34
题详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，去年迪奥< br>(Dior)
重新推出了马鞍包，因为它在古着市场上受到了关注。
A. for instance
例如；
B. as a result

结果；
C. by contrast
相比之下；
D. in addition
另外，此外。此处在举例
子，故选
A
。
【
35
题详解】

”A.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里 有明显的陷阱
——
大小不一，而且，她说
:“
你必须非常小心地寻找洞和裂口 。
expectations
期望；
B. policies
政策；
C. traps
补漏，陷阱；
D. reminders
提醒物。根据
You have to be so careful
to look for holes and rips.
可知，这里有明显的陷阱。故选C项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the pas sage you have just read.
(A)
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could
become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out
how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI
language.
For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn't want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make
dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been
programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were
talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a
properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as
clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are
dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and
they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo
（禁忌
).
One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when
presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out
beeps
（嘟嘟声
), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision, we go and ask
somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to
create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
36.
What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A.
It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.
B.
It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C.
It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D.
It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.
37.
What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?
A.
They are aggressive.
B.
They are outgoing.