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disaffection大学英语六级卷二真题2016年12月

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2021-01-12 03:29
tags:大学英语六级, 真题, 英语考试

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2021年1月12日发(作者:明金星)

大学英语六级卷二真题2016年12月

(总分:710.00,做题时间:120分钟)

一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)(总题数:1,分数:106.50)

ions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on creation. Your
essay should include the importance of creation and measures to be taken to encourage creation.
You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
(分数:106.50)
_____________________________ __________________________________________________ ___________
正确答案:(Throughout the ages, we have concluded a number of factors that contribute to success,
among which is creation. Just as the saying goes, There is no doubt that creation is the most
important human resource of all. Not only is creation the force driving economy and society
to advance, but it is also essential to the development of who often come up
with new ideas are more likely to achieve success, while a man who always sticks to habit and
experience can hardly create new things. In terms of giving measures to encourage creation, I
will list the following ones. On the one hand, the public are expected to realize the significance
of creation, so the social media should play its due role in advocating the value of innovation
and encouraging the public to cultivate the awareness of creation. On the other hand, those who
are equipped with creative thinking deserve some kind of praise, both materially and spiritually.
Creation has been a hot word for a long time and we cannot emphasize the importance of creation
too much. Therefore, we should spare no effort to learn knowledge as much as possible to prepare
ourselves for being creative people.)
解析:论创新 古往今来,我们已经总结出了走向成功的几个因素,其中之一就是创新。正如谚语所说, “毫无疑问,创
新是最重要的人类资源。”创新不仅是经济发展和社会进步 的催化剂,而且对个人的发 展也非常重要。事实证明,那些
总是想出新点子的人往往更容易取得成功,而总是依赖习惯和经验的人将 很难创造出新的东西。 谈到鼓励创新的措施,
我提出以下几点建议。一方面,人们应该意识到创新的重 要性,因此,社会传媒应该发挥其应有的功能,宣传创造力的
重要性,并鼓励公众培养创新意识。另一方 面,那些具有创造性思维的人理应得到一定形式的奖励,不管是在物质方面
还是在精神方面: 长久以来 ,创新一直是一个热词,我们再怎么强调其重要性都不为过。因此,我们要尽力多学习知
识,为成为有创 新能力的人做准备。

二、Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) (总题数:2,分数:56.80)

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(分数:28.40)
were all good at cooking. √
were particular about food.
were proud of their cuisine.
were fond of bacon and eggs.
解析:Conversation One M: Guess what? The worst food I've ever had was in France. W: Really? That's
odd. (1) I thought the French were all good cooks. M: Yes. That's right. I suppose it's really
like anywhere else, though. You know, some places are good. Some bad. But it's really all our
own fault. W: What do you mean? M: Well, it was the first time I'd been to France. This was years
ago when I was at school. (2) I went there with my parents' friends, from my father's school.
They'd hired a coach to take them to Switzerland. W: A school trip? M: Right. Most of them had
never been abroad before. We'd crossed the English Channel at night, and we set off through France,
and breakfast time arrived, and the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little car6.
There we all were, tired and hungry, and then we made the great discovery. W: What was that? M:
Bacon and eggs. W: Fantastic! The real English breakfast. M: Yes. Anyway, we didn't know any
better--so we had it, and ugh... ! W: What was it like? Disgusting? M: Oh, it was incredible !
They just got a bowl and put some fat in it. And then they put some bacon in the fat, broke an
egg over the top and put the whole lot in the oven for about ten minutes. W: In the oven! You're
joking. You can't cook bacon and eggs in the oven! M: Well. They must have done it that way. It
was hot, but it wasn't cooked. There was just this egg floating about in gallons of fat and raw
bacon. W: (3-1) Did you actually eat it? M: (3-2) No ! Nobody did. They all wanted to turn round
and go home. You know, back to teabags and fish and chips. You can't blame them really. Anyway,
the next night we were all given another foreign speciality. W: What was that? M: (4) Snails.
That really finished them off. Lovely holiday that was! 预览四道题各选项,由选项中出现的cookin9,food,
cuisine,bacon and eggs,meal,breakfast等词可以推测,对话内容与食品和烹饪有关。 What did
the woman think of the French? A。对话中,当男士说他在法国吃 到了自己吃过的最糟糕的食物时,女士表示这很奇
怪,并且说她原本以为所有的法国人都是好厨师。由此 可知,女士认为所有的法国人都擅长烹饪,故答案为A。
parents.
friends.
schoolmates.
parents' friends. √
解析:Who did the man travel with on his first trip to Switzerland? D。对话中,男士提到他当时是和父母亲
的朋友一起去的瑞士,故答案为D。
tea was served with the meal.
was the real English breakfast.
one of the group ate it. √
was a little overcooked.
解析:What does the man say about the breakfast at the Httle French cafe? C。对话中,男士详细描述了他在
一个法国小餐馆吃到的咸猪肉煎蛋是什么 样子,女士问这样的食物他们是否真的吃了,男士明确表示他们没有一个人吃,
故答案为C。
was full of excitement.
was really extraordinary.
was a risky experience.
was rather disappointing. √
解析:What did the mail think of his hoHday in France? D。男士说经历了第一 次难以下咽的早餐后,第二天晚上
餐馆又提供了另一道特色菜——蜗牛,这道菜让与他同去的人们都彻底 崩溃了,所以最后他说“那可真是一个糟糕的假
期!”lovely在这里的意思是“令人败兴的;糟透 了的”,故答案为D。
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(分数:28.40)
woman's relationship with other shops.
business success of the woman's shop. √
key to running a shop at a low cost.
woman's earnings over the years.
解析:M: (5) You say your shop has been doing well. Could you give me some idea of what doing
well means in facts and figures? W: Well, doing well means averaging £1,200 or more a week
for about 7 years, making almost a quarter of a million pounds. And doing well means your earnings
are rising. Last year, we did slightly over 50,000 and this year, we hope to do more than 60,000.
So, that's good if we continue to rise. M: Now, that's gross earnings, I assume. What about your
expenses? W: Yes, that's gross. The expenses, of course, go up steadily. And since we've moved
to this new shop, the expenses have increased greatly, because it's a much bigger shop. So I
couldn't say exactly what our expenses are. They are something in the region of six or seven
thousand pounds a year, which is not high. (6) Commercially speaking, it's fairly low, and we
try to keep our expenses as low as we can. M: (7) And your prices are much lower than the same
goods in shops round about. How do the local shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so well
in their midst? W: Perhaps a lot of them don't realize how well we are doing, because we don't
make a point of publicizing. That was a lesson we learned very early on. (8) We were very friendly
with all local shopkeepers and we happened to mention to a local shopkeeper how much we had made
that week. He was very unhappy and never as friendly again. So we make a point of never publicizing
the amount of money we make. But we are on very good terms with all the shops. None of them have
ever complained that we are putting them out of business or anything like that. I think it's a
nice friendly relationship. Maybe if they did know what we made, perhaps they wouldn't be so
friendly. 预览四道题各选项,由选项中多次出现的shops以及customer service,expenses,goods,lower prices,
attract等词可 以推测,对话内容与商店经营情况相关,很可能涉及经营状况、经营方法等方面的内容。 What are the
speakers mainly talking about? B。详解对话开头男士就 询问女士她所说的商店运营良好是什么意思,并要求女士用
事实和数据解释一下,而在接下来的对话中, 女士说明了自己的毛收入以及大概 支出,并且说她们的商店在当地运转
得的确很好。因此,对话中两人 所谈论的主要内容是围绕女士的商店的良好运营展开的,故答案为B。
e its customer service.
its business scale.
down its expenses. √
e the goods it sells.
解析:What does the woman say her shop tries to do? C。对话中,当男士问到女士商店的支出情况时,女士说商
店的支出是稳步增长的,但从商业的 角度来看,商店的支出还是相当低的,而且她们努力让支出保持在尽可能低的水平,
故答案为C。
are sold at lower prices than in other shops. √
are very-popular with the local residents.
are delivered free of charge.
are in great demand.
解析:What do we learn about the goods sold at the woman's shop? A。对话中男士提到,女士的商店里的货物价
格要比附近其他商店的同类商品价格低得多,故答案为A。
follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.
attract more customers in the neighborhood.
avoid being put out of business in competition.
maintain friendly relationships with other shops. √
解析:Why doesn't the woman want to make known their earnings anymore? D。对话中女士提到,以前她们和当地
的其他店主关系都非常好 ,但当她不经意间向一位店主提到她们那一周的收入之后,那位店主表现得非常不快,对她们
不再像 以 前那样友好了,所以女士再也不将自己的收入情况告诉别人了。即,她不想把自己的收人情况告诉别人,是
为了与当地其他店主维持友好关系,故答案为D。

三、Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be
spoken only you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.(总题数:2,分数:49.70)

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.(分数:28.40)
can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.
deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites. √
carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.
are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.
解析:Birds are famous for carrymg things around.Some,like homing pigeons,can be trained to
deliver messages and packages.Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the
new example of the power that birds have
.(9)Canadian scientists have found a worrisome.ride
to spread stuff around.Way up north in the Canadian ArctiC.seabirds are picking up dangerous
chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where the birds five. Some l0.000 pairs
of the birds,called flllitlars,a kind of ArctiC seabird.make their nests on Devon Island.north
of the Arctic Circle.(10)The fllfinars travel some 400 kilometers over the sea to find food. When
they return home,their droppings end up all around their nesting sites,including in nearby
ponds. (11)Previously.scientists noticed ponutants arriving in the Arctic with the wind.Salmon
also carry dangerous chemicals as the fish migrate between rivers and the sea.The bodies of fish
and other meat—eaters Can build up high levels of the chemicals. To test the polluting power
of fulmars,researchers coUected samples of deposit from 11 ponds on Devon Island.In ponds closest
to the colony,the results showed there were far more pollutants than in ponds less affected by
the birds.The poHutantS in the ponds appear to come from fish that fulIIlars eat when they're
out on the ocean.(12)People who five,hunt,or fish near bird colonies need to be carefitl,the researchers
say.The birds don't mean to cause harm,but the chemicals they calTy Can cause
major problems. 预览四道题各选项,由defiver,nesting sites,carry和mi grate等词可以初步判断,短文与鸟
类的迁移过程中可携带某种东西有关,再结合Arctic C ircle,poisonous,threats和harm等词可以进一步推测,短
文与海鸟给北极 地区带来有毒物质有关。 What have Canadian scientists found about
some seabirds? B。短文开头提到,鸟类以传送物品而闻名,而加拿大 科学家发现了一个令人担忧的说明鸟类具有散播
物品能力的新例子。在加拿大极地的北部,海鸟们捡起海 水中的危险化学品,带回到它们的栖息地附近的池塘中,故答
案为B。
migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.
originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.
travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food. √
have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.
解析:What does the speaker say about the seabirds called fulmars? C。短文中提到,管鼻藿(flllmar)这种海
鸟在海上飞行大约400公里去觅食,故答案为C。
were carried by the wind. √
had become more poisonous.
were less than on the continent.
poisoned some of the fulmars.
解析:What did scientists previously notice about pollutants in the Arctic? A。短文中提到,以前科学家们
就注意到,风可以将污染物带至北极,故答案为A。
threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds,
diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.
harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans. √
effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.
解析:What does the speaker warn about at the end of the talk? C。短文最后提到,研究者说,在海鸟聚居地附
近 生活、狩猎或捕鱼的人们需要小心,虽然这些海鸟不是有意造成伤害的,但它们带来的化学品会引起大麻烦,故答 案
为C。
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.(分数:21.30)
has decreased. √
has been exaggerated.
has become better understood.
has remained basically the same.
解析: (13) In recent years, the death rate among American centenarians--people who have lived
to age 100 or older--has decreased, dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from
2008 to 2014. The leading causes of death in this age group are also changing. In 2000, the top
five causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer and Alzheimer's
disease. (14) But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimer's disease for this age group had more
than doubled-- increasing from 3.8 percent to 8.5 percent--making the progressive brain disease
the second leading cause of death for centenarians. One reason for the rise in deaths from
Alzheimer's disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even
after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer. (15) People physically
fit enough to survive over 100 years ultimately give h~ to diseases such as Alzheimer's which
affects the mind and cognitive function. In other words, it appears that their minds give out
before their bodies do. On the other hand, the death rate from flu dropped from 7.4 percent in
2000 to 4.1 percent in 2014. That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to the fifth.
Overall, the total number of centenarians is going up. In 2014, there were 72,197 centenarians,
compared to 50,281 in 2000. But because this population is getting larger, the number of deaths
in this group is also increasing--18,434 centenarians died in 2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.
预览三道题各选项,由选项中出现的 centenarians,death,cure,health,fail,life等词可以推测,短文内 容与百
岁老人的身体健康状况以及导致他们死亡的疾病有关。 What does the speaker say about the
risk of dying for American centenarians in recent years? A。短文开头提到,近几 年美国百岁老人的死亡率有所
下降——从2008年到2014年,女性的死亡率降低了l4%,男性的 死亡率降低了20%,故答案为A
develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.
is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians. √
has had no effective cure so far.
calls for more intensive research.
解析:What does the speaker say about Alzheimer's disease? B。短文中提到,到2014年,美国百岁老人这一群
体中,老年痴呆症引起的死亡 率增加了两倍多——由3.8%上升到8.5%,这使得这一逐渐严重的大脑疾病成为导致
百岁老人死亡 的第二大病因,故答案为B。
care more about their physical health.
quality of life deteriorates rapidly.
minds fall before their bodies do. √
cherish their life more than ever.
解析:What is characteristic of people who live up t0100 years and beyond? C。短文中提到 ,那些能够身体健
康地活到百岁以上的老人们,最终向诸如老年痴呆症这样影响精神与认知功能的疾病屈 服了,换言之,他们的精神似乎
在他们的身体出问题前就先出问题了,故答案为C。

四、Section C (总题数:3,分数:142.00)

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.(分数:42.60)
are focused more on attraction than love. √
were done by his former colleague at Yale.
were carried out over a period of some thirty years.
form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.
解析:Okay. So let's get started. And to start things off I think what we need to do is consider
a definition. (16) I'm going to define what love is but then most of the experiments I'm going
to talk about are really focused more on attraction than love. And I'm going to pick a definition
from a former colleague, Robert Sternberg, who is now the dean at Tufts University but was here
on our faculty at Yale for nearly thirty years. And he has a theory of love that argues that it's
made up of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment, or what is sometimes called
decision commitment. And these are relatively straightforward. He argued that you don't have love
if you don't have all three of these elements. Intimacy is the feeling of closeness, of
connectedness with someone, of bonding. Operationally, you could think of intimacy as you share
secrets, you share information with this person that you don't share with anybody else. Okay.
That's really what intimacy is, the bond that comes from sharing information that isn't shared
with other people. The second element is passion. Passion is the drive that leads to romance.
You can think of it as physical attraction. And Sternberg argues that this is a required component
decision
calls he what is theory Sternberg's in love of element third The relationship. love a of
commitment, the decision that one is in a love relationship, the willingness to label it as such,
and a commitment to maintain that relationship at least for some period of time. (17) Sternberg
would argue it's not love if you don't call it love and if you don't have some desire to maintain
the relationship. So if you have all three of these, intimacy, passion and commitment, in
Sternberg's theory you have love. (18) Now what's interesting about the theory is what do you
have if you only have one out of three or two out of three. What do you have and how is it different
ff you have a different two out of three? What's interesting about this kind of theorizing is
it gives rise to many different combinations that can be quite interesting when you break them
down and start to look them carefully. So what I've done is I've taken Sternberg's three elements
of love, intimacy, passion and commitment, and I've listed out the different kinds of relationships
you would have if you had zero, one, two or three out of the three elements. 预览三道题各选项,由选项中
出现的love,theory,passion,maintain the relationship,commitment等词可以推测,讲座内容与爱情理论有关。
What does the speaker say about most of the experiments mentioned in his
talk? A。讲座开头部分,讲 话者说,他会对“爱”进行定义,但他接下来要讲的大多数实验的真正关注点是“爱慕”
而非“爱情”, 故答案为A。
relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.
cy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.
is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship. √
e is just impossible without mutual understanding.
解析:What does Robert Sternberg argue about love? C。讲话者在解释罗伯特·史坦伯格的爱情理论的第三个要素
decision commitment 时提到,史坦伯格认为,如果你不把某种感情称之为爱,如果你没有将这段感情持续下去的想法,
那么, 这就不是爱,故答案为C。
of them is considered most important
r it is true love without commitment.
the absence of any one doesn't affect the relationship.
the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing. √
解析:What question does the speaker think is interesting about Steinberg's three elements of
love? D。讲解完史坦伯格的爱情理论三要素之后,讲话者说,最有意思的是如果这三要素不全, 缺少一两个,那么该
怎样定义,而这三要素在不齐全的时候又会出现多个组合,这正是该理论很有意思的 地方,故答案为D。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.(分数:56.80)
work as a profession. √
history of social work.
ic degrees required of social work applicants.
aim of the National Association of Social Workers.
解析:Hi! I am Elizabeth Hoffier, Master of Social Work. I am a social worker, a lobbyist, and
a special assistant to the executive director at the National Association of Social Workers. ( 19 )
Today we are going to be talking about becoming a social worker. Social work is the helping
profession.(20) Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic needs
of all people, with a particular focus on those who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty.
We often deal with complex human needs. Social work is different from other professions, because
we focus on the person and environment. We deal with the external factors that impact a person's
situation and outlook. And we create opportunity for assessment and intervention, to help clients
and communities cope effectively with their reality and change that reality when necessary. In
thousands of ways social workers help other people, people from every age, every background, across
the country. Wherever needed, social workers come to help. The most well-known aspect of the
profession is that of a social safety net. We help guide people to critical resources and counsel
them on life-changing decisions. (21) There are more than 600,000 professional social workers
Social
in PhD a or degree, master's a degree, bachelor's a have either all we and country, the in
Work. There are more clinically trained social workers than clinically trained psychiatrists,
psychologists, and psychiatric nurses combined. Throughout this series you will learn more about
the profession, the necessary steps to get a social work degree, the rich history of social work,
and the many ways that social workers help others. Later in this series, you will hear from Stacy
Collins and Mel Wilson, fellow social workers at the National Association of Social Workers. Stacy
is going to walk you through the step-by-step process of becoming a social worker, and (22) Mel
will tell you about the range of options you have once you get your social work degree, as well
as standards of responsibility the social workers must adhere to. The National
Association of Social Workers represents nearly 145,000 social workers across the
mission is to promote, protect, and advance the social work profession. We hope you enjoy this
series about how you can make a difference by becoming a social worker. Next, we are going to
talk about choosing social work. 预览四道题各选项,由第19题选项中反复出现的social work可以初步推测,讲
座与社会福 利工作有关,再结合第20~22题选项中的help,raise,clinical training,academic degree,promotion,
importance和 responsibilities等词,可以进一步推测,讲座内容与社会福利工作的目的、社会 福利工作者的学历以
及培训背景等有关。 What does the speaker mainly talk
about? A。讲话者在讲座开头就指出,今天要讨论的内容是成为一 名社会福利工作者,社会福利工作是一种为他人提供
帮助的职业。因此答案为A。
try to change people's social behavior.
help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged. √
raise people's awareness of the environment.
create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.
解析:What do social workers mainly do? B。讲座中提到,社会福利工作的主要使命是提高人类 的幸福感,帮助所
有人满足基本的需求,特别是为弱者、受压迫者和贫困人群提供帮助,故答案为B。
have all received strict clinical training.
all have an academic degree in social work. √
are all members of the National Association.
have all made a difference through their work.
解析:What do professional social workers have in common,according to the speaker? B。讲座中提到,这个
国家目前有60多万职业社会福利工作者,他们每人都有社会 福利工作学位,学士、硕士、博士各个层次的都有,故答
案为B。
promotion of social workers' social status.
importance of training for social workers.
for social workers to meet people's needs.
workers' job options and responsibilities. √
解析:What is Mel Wilson going to talk about in the series? D。讲话者说,在接下来的讲座中,史黛西·柯林
斯和梅尔·威尔逊会分别对 社会福利工作的不同方面进行详细讲述,梅尔·威尔逊主要讲述取得社会福利工作学位后的
工作选择范围 以及社会福利工作者所需要严格遵守的对责任要求很高的标准规范,故答案为D。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.(分数:42.60)
fight childhood obesity. √
help disadvantaged kids.
encourage kids to play more sports.
urge kids to follow their role models.
解析:Today, I'd like to talk about what happens when celebrity role models get behind healthy
habits, but at the same time, promote junk food. (23) Currently, there's mounting criticism of
Michelle Obama's Let's Move! campaign, which fights childhood obesity by encouraging youngsters
to become more physically active, and has signed on singer Beyonce and basketball player Shaquille
O'Neal, both of whom also endorse sodas, which are a major contributor to the obesity epidemic.
Now there's a lot more evidence of how powerful a celebrity--especially a professional
athlete--can be in influencing children's behavior. In a report published by the Rudd Center for
Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University, researchers studied 100 professional athletes and
their endorsement contracts. The team focused on athletes since they are theoretically the best
role models for active, healthy lifestyles for children. After sorting the deals by category,
they determined that among the 512 brands associated with the athletes, most involved sporting
goods, followed closely by food and beverage brands. Sports drinks, which are often high in sugar
and calories made up most of the food and drink deals, with soft drinks and fast food filling
out the remainder. Of the 46 beverages endorsed by professional athletes,93% relied exclusively
on sugar for all of their calories. It's no surprise that high-profile athletes can influence
children's eating behaviors, but the scientists were able to quantify how prevalent these
endorsements are in the children's environment. Advertisements featuring professional athletes
and their endorsed products tend to get impressive exposure on TV, radio, in print and online.
(24) And in 2010, the researchers reported that children ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed
food and beverage brand commercials than adults. One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity
spokesperson is because kids are attracted to them no matter what they are doing. We can't expect
kids to turn off that admiration when the same person is selling sugar. At best, kids might be
confused. At worst, they'll think the messages about soda are the same as the messages about water,
but those two beverages aren't the same. (25) If children are turning to athletes as role models,
it's in their best interest if their idols are consistent. Consistent messaging of positive
behaviors will show healthier lifestyles for kids to follow. 预览三道题各选项,由选项中出现的childhood
obesity,kids,product sales,online,TV和image等词可以推测,讲座涉及某商业行为对儿童的影响。 What is the
aim of Michelle Obama's campaign? A。讲座开头提到,米歇尔·奥巴马的“Let's Move!”是通过鼓励孩子们多做体
育运动以减 少儿童期肥胖现象的活动。因此,该活动的目的在于对抗儿童肥胖,故答案为A。
best boost product sales when put online.
are most effective when appearing on TV.
are becoming more and more prevalent.
impress kids more than they do adults. √
解析:What does research find about advertisements featuring professional athletes? D。讲座中提到,2010
年,研究人员在报告中说 ,12至17岁的青少年看运动员所宣传的食品和饮料类商业广告比成年人多。因此,由职业运
动员代言 的广告给儿童留下的印象甚于给成年人留下的印象,故答案为D。
place kids' interest first.
what they advocate in public.
e positive behaviors at all times. √
attention to their image before children.
解析:What does the speaker think kids'idols should do? C。讲座最后提到,如果儿童以运动员为偶像,那么偶
像言行一致对他们才最有 利。偶像们言行一致地传达积极的行为,才能给孩子们提供可以效仿的更加健康的生活方式,
故答案为C 。

五、Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) (总题数:1,分数:35.50)

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. The tree people in the Lord of the Rings--the
Ents-- can get around by walking. But for real trees, it's harder to uproot. Because they're
literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go(26)________. When a tree first
starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the(27)________envelope—the temperature,
humidity, rainfall patterns and so on--suits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a
seedling. But as it(28)________, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer
be suitable for its(29)________. When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines,
rely(30)________ on so-called scatter hoarders, such as birds, to move their seeds to new
localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they(31)________
grow.
to a chance seedling has do sometimes--a they food--and retrieve their to birds forget the
The bird Clark's nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers
away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic (共生的) relationship with several pine
species, most(32)________the whitebark pine. As trees outgrow their ideal(33)________in the
face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in(34)________
trees. It's a solution for us--getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective--and it could
give(35)________oaks and pines the option to truly make like a tree and leave. A. ages B.
breathing C. climatic D. elsewhere E. exclusively F. forever G. fruitful H. habitats I. legacy
J. notably K. offspring L. replanting M. subsequently N. vulnerable O. Withdraws (分数:35.50)
A.
B.
C.
D. √
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析:全文翻译 《指环王》中的树人Ents可以通过行走四处移动。但对于真实的树而言,想要“拔 根而起”会更困难
一些。 因为树就是实实在在地植根于土地之中的,不能离开去(26)其他地方。 当一棵树在一个特定区域开始生长时,
有可能是因为(27)整体气候,如温度、湿度、降雨模式及其他 适合树生长的因素。否则,树也不可能从一颗种子成长起
来。但是随着树(28)长大,这些条件可能会 发生改变,这一地区可能不再适合树的(29)后代的生长。 当这种情况发生
的时候,很多树,比如核 桃树、橡树和松树,就会(30)完全依靠所谓的“会播种的寄宿伙伴”,比如鸟的帮助,鸟会把
树种带 到新的地点。很多鸟喜欢为过冬储存食物,这些食物它们(31)之后会取用。 当鸟忘记取回它们储藏的食物时 —
—它们确实有时候会忘记——树种就获得了生长的机会。比如说,一种叫北美星鸦的鸟每年会储藏多达 100000粒种子,
储藏在距离种子来源地30公里以外的地方,这种乌与一些种类的松树存在着密切 的共生关系,这些松树中(32)尤其以
白皮松居多。 面对气候的变化,随着树的生长超出其理想的( 33)生长环境的适应限度,这些会飞的生态工程师们在(34)
重新植树方面帮了大忙。这对我们而言 也是一种好办法——让鸟儿做这项5-作经济实惠又有效,这也给(35)脆弱的橡树
和松树一个选择, 让它们可以真正地“像树一样离开”。(此处为双关语用法,leave可以理解为离开,也可理解为1eaf< br>“树叶”的复数形式) 选项归类 名词:ts栖息地,生长环境;遗产;ing子孙,后代 动词:
长大,变老;ing呼吸;ting重新种植;aws撤退,移开 形容词:ic气候
的;ul果实累累的,富有成效的;able脆弱的,易受伤害的 副词:ere其他 地方,别处;
ively专有地,排外地,唯一地;r永远;y显著地,尤其;uently随后,后来 详
解详析 elsewhere。空格位于动词原形90之后,据此判断可填入副词,由and可知,l eave“离开”和go____________
是递进关系。根据 句意“树不能离开去_____ _______”可知,答案为ere“其他地方,别处”。备选项中,
exclusively意为“ 专有地, 排外地,唯一地”,forever意为“永远”,notably意为“显著地,尤其”,subs equently
意为“随后,后来”,均不符合句意,故排 除。
A.
B.
C. √
D.
E.

F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析: climatic。空格位于名词envelope之前,据此判 断可填人形容词,构成固定搭配。envel ope意为“信封”,信
封中放有信件,按照常识判断,此处应为比喻的用法,表示包含了一整套具体指 标,如温度、 湿度、降雨模式等,又
因为这些因素都隶属于气候的大范畴,由此判断,答案为ic“气 候的”。备选项中,fruitful意为“果实累累
的,富有成效的”,vulnerable意为“脆弱的,易受伤害的”,均不符合句意,故排除。
A. √
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析:ages。空格位于以as引导的时间状语从句中,并且在主语 it之后,据此判断应填入谓语 动词.整个句子为一般
现在时,因此谓语动词应进行单数第三人称变形。根据句意“随着树______ ______,这些条件可 能会发生改变”可知,
答案为“长大,变老”。备选项中,breathi ng和replanting不满足语法要求,withdraws意为 “撤退,移开”,
不符合句意,故均排除。
A. √
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K. √
L.
M.
N.
O.

解析:offspring。空格位于物主代词its之后,据此判断可 填人名词。根据句意“随着树 长大,这些条件可能会发生
改变,这一地区可能不再适应树的____________的生长”可知, 答案为 ing“子孙,后代”。备选项中,habitats
意为“栖息地,生长环境”,legac y意为“遗产”,不符合句意,故均排除。
A.
B.
C.
D.
E. √
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析:exclusively。空格位于主句的谓语动词 rely__ __________on之间,据此判断可填入副词。又根据句意“当这种
情况发生的时候,很多树, 比如核桃树、橡树和松树,就会 ____________依靠所谓的‘会播种的寄宿伙伴',比如鸟的
帮助,鸟会把树种带到新的地点”可知,答案为ively“专有地,排 外地,唯一地”。备选项中,for ever意
为“永远”,notably意为“显著地,尤其”,subsequently意为“随后 ,后来”,均无法体现 出原文中的逻辑关系,故
排除。
A.
B.
C. √
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M. √
N.
O.
解析:subsequently。空格位于以which引导的定语从 句中,此从句主语谓语俱全, 据此判断可填人副词,作状语修
饰谓语动词。本句意为“很多鸟喜欢为过冬储存食物,这些食物它们__ __________会取 用”。结合上下文分析,答案为
uently“随后,后来”。备选项中, forever意为“永远”,由于储存的食物不能永远取用,故排 除;notably
意为“显著地,尤其”不符合语境,故排除。
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

H.
I.
J. √
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析: notably。空格位于most之后,据此判断可填人副词或 形容词,需结合语义推断出答案。本句意为“ 北美星鸦
与一些种类的松树存在着密切的共生关系,这些松树中____________白皮松居多” 。由此可知, 答案为y“显
著地,尤其”。在备选项中,forever意为“永远”,不能与mos t连用,故排除。
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H. √
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
解析:habitats。空格位于形容词ideal之后,处在以As 引导的时间状语从句 的宾语部分,据此判断可填人名词,又
因为主语为trees,因而此处应为名词的复数形式。备选项中 ,只有ts“栖息 地,生长环境”符合此处语法
要求。本句意为“随着树的生长超出其理想的生长环境 的适应限度”。备选项中,legacy意为“遗产”,与本句句意不符,
故排 除。
A.
B. √
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L. √
M.
N.
O.
解析:replanting。空格位于be a big help in doing something的结构中,据此判断应填入动词的现在为 方面帮了
大忙”可知,答案______ ______分词形式。根据句意“这些会飞的生态工程师们在.
ting“重新种植”。备选项中, breathing意为“呼吸”,从文章中可以看出,鸟类工程师不是在呼吸方面帮了
大忙,而是在重 新 种植方面,故排除。
A.
B.
C.
D. √
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N. √
O.
解析: vulnerable。空格位于give somebody somethin9的结构之中,又处于名词oaks and pines之前,据此判断可
填入形容 词,此处形容词作定语修饰名词。根据句意“这也给了____________橡树和松树一个选择”可 知, able
“脆弱的,易受伤害的”符合此处语意,故为答案。备选项中,fruitful意为“果实累 累的,富有成效的”,不符合文
意, 故排除。

六、Section B (总题数:1,分数:71.00)

The American Workplace Is Broken. Here's How We Can Start Fixing It. [A] Americans are working
longer and harder hours than ever before.83% of workers say they're stressed about their jobs,
nearly 50% say work-related stress is interfering with their sleep, and 60% use their smartphones
to check in with work outside of normal working hours. No wonder only 13% of employees worldwide
feel engaged in their occupation. [B] Glimmers (少许) of hope, however, are beginning to emerge
in this bruising environment: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them,
and employers are exploring ways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet
much more work remains to be done. To call stress an epidemic isn't exaggeration. The 83% of
American employees who are stressed about their jobs--up from 73% just a year before--say that
poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress. And if
you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago,
you're right. Stress levels increased 18% for women and 24% for men from 1983 to 2009. Stress
is also starting earlier in life, with some data suggesting that today's teens are even more

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