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夜不成眠历年考研英语写作直接打印版

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-12 04:24
tags:历年考研英语, 写作, 幼儿读物

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2021年1月12日发(作者:奚贾)
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2011写作强化讲义整理版



第一节

一、 考研动向
1. 研究生分类:学术型,专业学位
2. 英语试卷分类:英语一,英语二
3. 词汇变难
1) 基本要求
一词多义,熟词僻义。
四大词性(名词,动词,形容词,副词)
2) 最新要求
词义关系(同义词,近义词,反义词)
搭配关系(动介搭配,形介搭配,形名搭配)
词根词缀(62个前缀和54个后缀)
4. 小作文变难
全面准备 Nothing is impossible
5. 关注三本书:
《考试大纲》
《考试分析》
《大纲解析》


二、 考前冲刺
1. 攻克词汇:10月30日前
2. 精研真题:12月31日前
词汇,选项,长难句,英译汉,背诵
3. 适当模考:2011年1月,至少模考三次


三、 时间分配
2:00——2:15 写作A节:2分钟审题,12分钟写作,1分钟检查
2:15——2:50 写作B节:3分钟审题,30分钟写作,2分钟检查
2:50——4:00 阅读A节
4:00——4:20 阅读B节
4:20——4:40 阅读C节
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4:40——5:00 完形填空
四、 写作学习
1.考研写作参考资料:
首页左侧:分类:考研复习:2010考研成绩交流贴
《2011考研英语高分写作》(王江涛编著,群言出版社,2010年3月版)
《仙之道长的考研写作课》(王江涛著,陕西师范大学出版社,2010年9月版)

2.学习方法
1)背诵
最笨的方法就是最好的方法
背诵之前:a.写作(练习构思,语言)
b.中译英(练习语言)
c.仔细对比原文,寻找写作差距
写作文章与原文对比内容和结构,原文与译文对比语言
语言第一位,结构第二位,内容第三位
语言:正确,变化(词汇,句型)
结构:逻辑性(段落结构:总分总;评分标准:关联词,替换)
内容:论证充分
高分作文三大要求:语言精彩,结构严谨,论证充分
20大必背范文,滚瓜烂熟!脱口而出!!多多益善!!!
2)默写:仔细对比原文,发现写作弱点
每隔半个月至少默写一次
3)仿写:仿写是提高写作实力最好的方法



第二节

一、考研大作文框架结构
基本要求:3段 ,12句左右(3+5+4),160-250个词,5-7个关联词(适可而止),5
-7个从句(多 多益善)
1、Introduction:第一段,3句左右
1) 图画/表作文:图画/表描述
(1) General description:总体描述(物+动作+环境)1句
(2) Details description:细节描述(挖掘细节词,串联成句),1句
(3) Caption/Symbolic meaning:文字说明或象征寓意,1句
2) 提纲/情景作文:现状说明
(1) Background information:背景交代,1句
(2) General talk of the topic:引出主题,1句
(3) Thesis Statement: state specifically what your opinion
is:确立论点:中心思想,1句
2、Body: 第二段,意义阐释,5句左右
1)Topic sentence:Symbolic meaning,主题句,象征寓意,1句
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2)Argument:论证,3句左右,考研写作四大论证手段
(1)Cause and Effect:因果论证
(2)Exemplification:举例论证
A. Numerous examples can be given, but this/thes
e will suffice.
B. I can think of no better illustration than the foll
owing one(s).
C. This/These case(s) effectively clarify that…
(3)联系现实:以小见大,把握象征寓意,个体想为群体,具体想为抽象
如represent,symbolize,epitomize,be naturally associat
ed with
(4)正反论证
3)Summary:(小结),概括论证,总结本段,1句
3、Conclusion:第三段,归纳结论/建议措施,4句左右
1)Concluding sentence:结论句,呼应象征寓意,1句
2)(Suggestions 1、2):两句评论或亮点建议(针对双方提建议),2句
3)包装结尾,展望未来,1句。考研写作三大优秀句型
倒装句:Only in this way can we solve this problem.
强调句:It is persistent work that is conducive to your gra
sping a considerable vocabulary.
虚拟语气:It is high time that we improved the present situation.

重点积累四种句型:描述句型,原因句型,举例句型,评论句型

考研写作三大钻石定律:
1. 些想到的第二个词或句子
2. 写的每个词或句子最好背过
3. 错误的复杂句不如正确的简单句


二、起承转合
1、启动观点,开篇点题
2、观点承接,正面论证
1)举例说明:a case in point,as a illustration,specifically,to
illustrate,to demonstrate
2)表示增补:besides,furthermore,in addition,moreover,what’s more
3)表示强调::as a matter of fact, indeed,in fact,obviously,undoubtedy
4)表示顺序(至少积累三组,用在大作文二三两段和小作文第二段)
First(ly), In the first place, To begin with, First and f
oremost, Above all, On the one hand, For one thing,
Second(ly), In the second place, Besides, In addition, What is m
ore, Furthermore, Moreover, On the other hand, For another
Last(ly),(The)Last but not (the)least, More importantly, Even wors
e,
--
--
On the one hand,On the other hand(正反论证);For one thing,For anot
her;More inportantly;even wrose
3、(观点转折,反面论证)
1)表示对比或对照:by contrast, in contrast
2)表示比较:by comparison, in comparison, similarly
3)表示让步:admittedly, although,it is true (that)
4)表示转折:Nevertheless,Yet,instead
4、文章结尾,归纳结论(至少积累三组,用于末端收据和二三段首句)
1)表示结果
As a result/consequence, Consequently, Accordingly, T
hus, Hence, Generally/Briefly speaking
3) 表示结论
As has been noted(mentioned,stated),in conclusion,to sum up,
to summarize



第三节

一、考研写作八大高分技巧
1.大量使用不同主语:以2010年考题为例
1) 名词:Multi-culture is vital.
2)人称代词: I maintain that multi-culture is crucial.
3) 物称代词:It is essential.
4) 动名词(短语):(Promoting cultural development) is significant.
5)不定式(短语): (To promote cultural development) is of great
importance.
It is of great importance (to promote cultural deve
lopment).
6) 从句:(That we should promote cultural development) is of utm
ost significance.
It is of utmost significance (that we should promote cultu
ral development).
2.大量使用被动语态:
3. 大量使用主系表结构:
主谓宾是口语,主系表是书面语
4.大量使用不同时态: 一般现在时,现在进行时(用于图画描述),现在完成时,一般过去时(图表描述,举
例论证),一 般将来时(包装结尾,展望未来)
5.大量使用定语状语:
1)形容词、副词:
2)词组:a great many /a large number of students
--
--
the majority of students
3)不定式: a student (to crack NETEM)
4)介词短语: a student (in NOS)
5)分词短语:
(1) 现在分词短语: a student (being 22)
(2) 过去分词短语: a student (born in Beijing)
6)从句:定语/状语从句
6. 大量使用精彩词组:universally acknowledge
7. 大量使用精彩句型:
It is universally acknowledged that … (P
ri
de an

P

ej
ud
i

e)
8、大量使用精彩从句:小作文3-5个, 大作文5-7个,多多益善!
1)定语、状语、宾语从句
2)主语、表语、同位语从句
概括起来就是变化。


二、范文学习五大步骤
1.读透(十遍精读)
语言:
1)精彩词汇:文化融合blending,integration
2)精彩词组:多元文化muti-culture,plurastic culture,mosaic culture
3)精彩句型:普遍公认It is university acknowledge that…
4)句子结构
简单句:主干(主谓宾),修饰成分(定状<补>)
从句,时态,冠词,名词单复数,主谓一致
结构
5)段落结构:总分总(主题句加论证加小结)
6)关联词
7)同义替换:词汇+句型。以09年范文为例
a large number of, a good many
are addicted to, indulged in, overindulgence
on line, web, internet, BBS, MSN Messager
separated, isolating, get alienated from others, beyond
reach
communicate, connecting, communication, discuss, chat, maintain fac
e-to-face contact, approch others, direct contact
8)代词替换:it,that,they
9)精彩观点
10)论点论据论证
论点:首段尾句,二段首句,末段首句
论据:二段中间部分

2.造句Used it three times and it’s yours
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--
3.大声朗读
4.背熟、
5.运用


三、图画作文万能框架
2000
Directions:
Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay to
A. describe the pictures,
B. deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures, and
C. suggest counter-measures.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET II.
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing

高分作文
As is shown in the pictures, we can see clearly that with the increase of
commercial fishing, the number of fishes sharply decreased. In one
picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900.
On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, but many fishing-boats.
The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be
paid to the decrease of ocean resources. Owing to over-fishing, the
number of fishes has obviously decreased. If we let this situation go as
it is, we won't know where fish is in the future. By that time, our environm
ent will suffer a great destruction.
Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one t
hing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control
commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of
people that the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only in this way can
we protect our ocean resources. Also, I believe that we human beings c
--
--
an overcome this difficulty, and we will have a bright future.

分析:
1. As is shown in the pictures, we can see clearly that with the
increase of commercial fishing, the number of fishes sharply d
ecreased. 总体描述(事物+动作)
造句:(08)As is shown in the picture,we can see clearly that with
the rapid(speedy) social and economic development,the number of th
e young(youth,young people) who help each other sharply increases.
(09)As is shown in the picture,we can see clearly that with the
rapid(speedy) social and economic development,the number of the young(yo
uth,young people) who get on line sharply increases.
(10) As is shown in the picture,we can see clearly that with t
he rapid(speedy) social and economic development,culture integration is
becoming increasingly popular(prevalent).

2. The purpose of the pictures is to show us that due(utmost) atte
ntion(importance, significance) has to(should, must) be paid(attached) to
the decrease(decline, fall, reduction) of ocean resources. 启 主题句 中心
思想 象征寓意
3. Owing to(due to, because of) over-fishing, the number of fis
hes has obviously decreased(shrunk). 正面论证,因果
4. If we let this situation go(continue) as it is, we won't know wh
ere fish will be in the (near, forthcoming) future. 反面论证
造句:(08) The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention
has to be paid to cooperation. Owing to selfishness(doting care), the nu
mber of adolescence cooperating with others has obviously shrunk. If
we let this situation go as it is, we won't know how the juvnile could
succeed in the future. By that time, our society will suffer a great des
truction.
(09) The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention
has to be paid to communication. Owing to Internet, the number of adolescence
directely communicating with others has obviously shrunk. If we let
this situation go as it is, we won't know where real friendship and
kinship will be in the future. By that time, our society will suffer a great de
struction.
(10) The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attent
ion has to be paid to culture blending. Owing to globalization, the number of
adolescence admiring western culture has obviously risen. If we let this
situation go as it is, we won't know where our traditional culture in
the future. By that time, our society will suffer a great destruction.

5. Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic(effective)
measures(steps,actions). 结论句
--
--
6. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make
(legislate,enact,issue) strict laws (and regulations/rules) to co
ntrol (regulate) commercial fishing. For another, we should enhanc
e(cultivate, increase) the awareness(sense) of people that the ocean
resources are very(extremely) vital to us. 两点建议,针对双方提建议
7. Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also(Meanwh
ile, At the same time), I believe(assume, maintain, reckon) that we hum
an beings can overcome(surmount) this difficulty, and we will have a br
ighter(more brilliant) future. 包装结尾,展望未来
造句:(08) Therefore, it is imperative for us to take measures. For
one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to encourage teenager
s to associate with others. For another, we should enhance the awareness of
people that joint efforts(cooperative efforts) are very vital to us. On
ly in this way can we protect our youngsters. Also, I believe that we
human beings can improve the present situation, and we will have a b
righter future.
(09) Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measur
es. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws t
o control Internet. For another, we should enhance the awareness of
people that approaching others is very vital to us. Only in this way can we
protect our youngsters. Also, I believe that we human beings can improve the
present situation, and we will have a brighter future.
(10) Therefore, it is imperative for us to take measures. F
or one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make laws
to promote culture development. For another, we should enhance the aware
ness of people that multicultres are very vital to us. Only in this
way can we protect our splended and gorgeous cultural heritage.
Also, I believe that we human beings can improve the present situation, and w
e will have a brighter future.

第四节
考研写作六大必考话题
1. 健康:96,97
生理健康
心理健康
.保持乐观
悲观的
自杀
.进行体育锻炼
.均衡饮食
传染病

2. 环境:91,99,00,09小
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