紧缺人才高中英语状语从句知识点

2021年1月12日发(作者：梅成栋)
高中英语---状语从句
一、概念：状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。
状 语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，状语从句的关键是要掌
握引导不同状语从句 的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。
二、分类及使用
1. 时间状语从句
(1) when ①.when引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬
间 性动作的动词，可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句的
动作之前。 when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.
② when还可表示just then（正在那时）的意思，此时所引导的从句放在主句之后。
we were about to start when it began to rain.
(2) as引导的时间状语从句 as侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边，一边。
We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.
(3) while “在…期间”，所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并表示和主句的动作同时发生。
(4) before引导 ① before“在…之前” I’ll be back before you have left.
② before“…之后才” It may be many years before we meet again.
(5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导
as soon as 是最 常见的表示“一…就”的从属连词，其他连词还有immediately，instantly，
th e instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。
As soon as we got home, the telephone rang.
I recognized her immediately I saw her.
(6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导
关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner. ..than的意思是“刚…就”，它们所引
导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如：
He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.
(7) since引导
在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复 合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的
谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在 时：
We’ve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。
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(8) till/until引导 till和until同义，作“直到…时(为止)”解。
Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course.
2. 地点状语从句
(1) where引导 “在（或到）…的地方”
Where there is a will, there is a way.
(2) wherever引导 wherever=no matter where,后者只能放句首。
Whereever (no matter where) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed.
3. 原因状语从句
(1) because引导 通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abroad with her because I couldn’t afford it.
(2) as引导 从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用。
As I didn’t know the way，I asked a policeman.
(3) since引导 从句多位于主句之前，可以和as换用。
Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane.
(4) now(that)引导的原因状语从句 now(that)“既然”，
Now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own.
(5) seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句 Seeing (that)“鉴于；由于”，通常用于非正式文体。
Seeing (that) the weather is bad，we’ll stay at home.
4. 目的状语从句
(1) in order that引导 “为了；以便”。多用于正式文体，可以与so that换用。
They stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake.
(2) so (that)引导 “为了；以便”。so that通常可以与in order that换用，它所引导的目的状语
从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。如：
Speak clearly so that they may understand you.
(3) in case/for fear (that)等引导
in case，for fear(that)这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是“以免”,“以防”。in case它
所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式；for fear(that)引
导的从句中的谓语带有may，might，should等情态动词
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain.
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