投诉信英文特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

2021年1月13日发(作者：夏宝龙)
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
一、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where,
why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？
I can't imagine why he did that thing．我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost? —— I want to know how much this coat costs．
Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday．
（2）当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊 疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句
用来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。
例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her．
What's the matter? 怎么了? —— He asked the girl what was the matter．
What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him．
小试牛刀：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday?
asked . What did you do during the holiday?
二、语从句的时态
1．若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。
例如：Don't you think Jim is speaking too quick.难道你不认为吉姆讲的太快了吗？
He says he will come back.他说他会回来。
2．若主句是祈使句，从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。
例如：Show me which picture is yours.让我看看哪张照片是你的。
Please tell us where we will go.请告诉我要去哪里。
3．若主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去时态的某一种。
例如：I knew she had swept the floor already.我知道她已经扫过地了。
He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday.他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。
4．若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或 永恒不变的规律时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。
例如：Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。
They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then.他们那时就知道太阳比地球大得多，
He said that one and one makes two.他说一加一等于二。
小试牛刀：
1、The radio says it __________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2、The headmaster hopes everything __________well. (go)
3、I hear they __________ it already. (return)
4、He said that they __________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
5、Our teacher told us in class the sun __________ in the east. (rise)
三、特殊的宾语从句———间接引语
当直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，
用 原句中的疑问词做连接词，疑问语序改为陈述语序。
例如：“What do you want?” he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.

He asked her,“Where are you going?” →He asked her where she was going.

小试牛刀：
1、She said to Tom,“How are you feeling now?”→ .
2、The scientist asked me,”what are you doing?” → .
3、She asked,”How many boys are there in your class?”→ .