擦拭布高中英语Unit3ComputersSectionⅢGrammar——现在完成时的被动语态讲义新人教版必修2

2021年1月13日发(作者：齐曼)

Section Ⅲ Grammar——现在完成时的被动语态
语 境 自 主 领 悟
先观察原句 后自主感悟
time I have been changed quite a 1.例句1，3中的谓语是由“have＋been＋
lot. done”构成的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定
2．I have been used in offices and homes 形式，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产
since the 1970s. 生的结果。
3．Over time my memory has developed so 2．例句2，4中的谓语是由“have＋been＋
much that，like an elephant，I never forget done”构成的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定
anything I have been told! 形式，表示一个被动的动作开始于过去，持续
4．Since the 1970s many new applications 到现在，并有可能持续下去。
have been found for me. 3．例句5中的谓语是由“have＋not＋been
5．The ink has not been removed from the ＋done”构成的现在完成时的被动语态的否
clothes. 定形式。

一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成
have/has＋ been ＋过去分词
二、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式
否定式
一般疑问式
特殊疑问式
主语＋have/has been done...
主语＋have/has not been done...
Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
The city has been swept through by heat wave recently.
最近热浪横扫了这座城市。
His work has not been finished.
他的工作尚未完成。
Have the new booking systems for tickets been used?
新的订票系统已在使用中了吗？
How long has the battery not been changed?
电池多久没有更换了？
[即时训练1] 根据要求变换句子
The children have already been told the good news.
①将上面的句子变为否定句。
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The children haven't been told the good news.
②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。
Have the children been told the good news?
③对上面的句子中的the children进行提问。
Who has been told the good news?
三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结
果
通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语so far，by now，up till now，
before...等连用。
The work has already been finished.
工作已完成了。(结果是现在不用做这项工作了)
The doctor hasn't been sent for yet.
还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)
2．表示一个被动的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去
常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long...？句型中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在时间或条件等状语从句中，表 示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动
语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You can go home as soon as your task has been finished.
你的任务一完成就可以回家。
[即时训练2] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①In the last few years，thousands of films have been produced (produce) all over
the world.
②Though we don't know what was discussed，yet we can feel the topic has been
changed (change)．
四、使用现在完成时的被动语态要注意以下几点
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况 没有联系，而现在完成时的被
动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was opened to the public last year.
去年这个公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been opened to the public.
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