石碱英语中的26个英文字母及发音音标

2021年1月13日发(作者：邓丽欣)
英语中的26个英文字母及发音音标如下:


Aa [e?] Bb [bi:] Cc [si:] Dd [di:] Ee [i:] Ff [ef] Gg [d i:]
Hh [e?t∫] I i [
ɑ
?] J j [d e?] K k [ke?] L l [el] Mm [em]
N n [en] O o [?u] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [
ɑ
:] S s [es] T
t [ti:] U u [ju:]
V v [vi:] W w [′dΛblju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z
[zi:]/[zed]


以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:
з

1)含元音音素[ei]
字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk
音标: [e?] [e?t∫] [d e?] [ke?]
2) 含元音音素[i:]
字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv
音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:]

3) 含元音音素[e] 字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz
音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]

4) 含元音音素[ju:] 字母: Uu Qq Ww
音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d
Λ
blju:]
5) 含元音音素[
ɑ
?] 字母: Ii 音标: [
ɑ
?] Yy 音标: [w
ɑ
?]

英语发音规则

一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母的读音
a 在开音节中读[e?] 如：name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [
?
] 如：bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [
ɑ
?] bike drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 [?] fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [?u] those close go home no
在闭音节中 [
D
] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中
[Λ]
bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j, l ,r ,s后面时读[u:]音,
例如:June blue ruler super

二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

a [?] China another woman breakfast
[ ? ] orange comrade village cabbage
e [?] hundred student open weekend
[?] chicken pocket begin children
i [?]/[?] holiday beautiful family animal
[a?] exercise satellite
o [?] second tonight somebody welcome
[?u] also zero photo
u [?] autumn diffcult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[e?]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j、 l、 r、 s后面时,读[u(:)]音,
例如:July influence February issue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
1、a在[w]音后面 [?] want what watch wash quality
a在f、n、 sk 、ph 、sp 、ss 、st 、th前时读 [
ɑ
:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
2、i在-nd、 -ld和gh前 读[
ɑ
?] 如: find child light high
3、o在-st、 -ld前读[?u] 如: most postcard old cold
4、o在m、 n 、v 、th前 读[
Λ
] come monkey love mother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 ?з?
1、ar
ar 一般读[
ɑ
:] car farm dark sharp
在[w]后读[?:] warm quarter towards
2、or
[?:] 如： forty morning short
or在[w]音后面 读 [з:] word worker worse
3、er、 ir、 ur读 [з:] 如： certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成 -r音节,而是按重读闭音节
的 拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[?]音,例如:
dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读 音
例 词
are [e?] care dare hare
ere [??] here mere
ire [
ɑ
??] fire hire wire
ore [?:] more score before shore bore
ure [ju:?] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[?]音,例
如:picture pleasure
重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按- re音节拼读规则拼
读,字母r读[r]音.
例如: parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:orange very American paragraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
ai/ay读音[e?]
例 词 afraid rain wait day play
air[e?] air hair chair pair repair
al在f,m前读 [?:l] small ball talk wall all
[?:l] always also salt almost bald
[
ɑ
:] half calm palm
au/aw[?:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[e?] break great
ear [??] hear dear near clear year
[e?] bear pear wear
[з:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [??]] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [e?] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j、l、r、s后读 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew
ie/ei 在[s]音之后 念[i:] piece field receive
oa [?u] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [?:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [??] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
[u] book look cook foot good
ou/ow [
ɑ
u] flower house count down
[?u] know row throw though
[
Λ
] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [?:] course your four
[
ɑ
u
?
] our hour ours