红墨水2011年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析

2021年1月13日发(作者：程徐)
2011年12月英语四级真题及答案
1作文真题范文及点评
Nothing Scucceeds Without a Strong Willby commenting on the humorous saying,
the eaiest thing in the world. I'va done it hundreds of should write at least 120 words but no more than
180 words.
Part I Writing
Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a
Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their
will of success is not strong enough.
To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit
it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their throats are sore, their
mouths are thirsty, and their hands are shaking. After the painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One
cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I will quit it.” By doing this, they surrender to their weak will.
In the end, they have quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.
Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong
will means that you know where you go and you will persist on the road you choose. Undoubtedly success
belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute
文章点评：
本文属于话题类作文，只看题目 “Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下
手。 细看题目说明中给出了提示，要求考生结合戒烟屡次不成功的幽默引语对该话题进行分析阐述。
总 体来说，这是一篇“中等偏上”的考生作文。本文先点题指出“坚强意志”的重要性；第二段从反面举
例 阐述——具体描写了意志不坚定者的心理活动，阐述为什么会戒烟失败；最后从戒烟延伸到生活中的其
他 事情，并复述坚强意志的内涵，点题收尾。
总体上来看，文章思路清晰，采用了生动的比喻和形象的心理描写，语言流畅，用语地道。
但一些重复表达（如第二段和第三段中的weak will）显得单调，可用shaky ones, weak-willed persons，
the strong- willed等灵活表达。在备考中，多积累不同表达，相信会写出更生动的文章。
在论述上，叙述略 显罗嗦。第二段心理描写过多，虽然流畅生动，但却使这篇考场作文超过了规定字
数，反而成为失分点， 这一点要引以为戒。

范文高分版
Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will
As we have read from above, quitting-smoking seems easy, but in reality it is rarely achieved. There is
something provoking and interesting in this paradox, just because sword does not wear the stone as dripping water
does.
The ability to do something over and over again in a short time may imply its easiness, but in a long run, a
lifetime maybe, things turn out to be quite the opposite. Also, as is often the case, one may have obtained all the
tools and opportunities to achieve something, but in the end they still fail due to the will shortage.
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So how could we avoid the dilemma? Here is the prime condition of success: will and perseverance.
Concentrate you energy, thought and mind exclusively on the business in which you are engaged, hang on in there
and be patient, for, as Emerson put it, no one can cheat you out of your ultimate success but yourself.
点评：
本次四级作文探讨的话题是成功与毅力之间的关系，话题不算新，一般考生对此都 比较熟悉，所以对
考生来说难度不大。写好这篇作文，需要抓住两点，一是紧跟题目要求，即对上述幽默 性的话语做出评论，
二是在评论的基础上要亮出自己的观点。
范文开头第一句即一针见血 地对上述幽默性话语做出总结性概括，即戒烟看似简单实则很难，随后指
出该话语本质上是一个悖论，并 且以一个“水滴石穿”的俗语来指出困难所在，这句也是本文的一个亮点，
体现作者在西方俗语方面丰富 的知识储备。
第二段作者则进一步深入分析该话语，指出做某事在短期看来很容易，长期来看，恰 恰相反，人们做
事的结果也因此总是失败，原因则在最后一句点出：缺乏毅力。
第三段作者进 一步给出了自己的观点，告诉大家如何避免陷入这种两难境地：首要条件即需要坚强的
意志和长期的坚持 。最后再以艾默生的一句名言 “没人能够骗你远离你最终的成功，除非你自己承认失败”
来总结全文，切中主题，铿锵有力。

快速阅读真题 及答案
What is Integrity?

consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others,
fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who by and follows moral and ethical standards
even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and
ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important
relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity
must be one of our most important goals.
Risky Business
We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by
stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why
we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.
Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks,
because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to
know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may
accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may
unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is
not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks
they're taking by using excuses:
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Excuses can get very elaborate:
on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying.
about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't
see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.
To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions
were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions?
If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're rationalizing it to yourself.
Evaluating Risks
To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right
now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret
usually focus on immediate benefits (
The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a
Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a
rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others the power to impose punishment: you have no control
over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some
matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall
in this category.
Getting Away With It-- Or Not
Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, depriving
him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows
that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater
ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually
cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems
eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets
caught, the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because they didn't get this simple
message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.
Cheating Hurts Others, Too
Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions
choices have a profound cumulative effect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others
just by being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class
is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating
and others may feel pressured to join in. (
a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching is seeing students learn, but a cheater says,

destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of
the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.
Why Integrity Matters
If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of
others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive
across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that
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is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the
stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in
the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on
our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there
might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.
In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It
is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.
A) sticks to them in their daily life
B) makes them known to others
C) understands their true values
D)sees that others also follow them
2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?
A) It helps to create team spirit
B) It facilitates communication
C) It is the basis of mutual trust
D) It inspires mutual respect
3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？
A. To ensure we make responsible choices.
B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.
C. so that we don’t break any rules.
D. so that we don’t run into trouble.
4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _______?
A. it has caused no harm.
B. it is claimed to be unintentional.
C. it has gone unnoticed.
D. it is committed with good intentions.
5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?
A. Avoid making excuses.
B. Listen to other people’s advice.
C. Make his intensions public.
D. Have others watch over his shoulder.
6. Those who take risks they regret later on _______.
A. will often become more cautious
B. are usually very aggressive
C. value immediate benefits most.
D. may lose everything in the end
7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.
A) pay more dearly
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B) become more confident
C) be widely admired
D) feel somewhat lucky
8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how tostealing a grade
9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and good faith.
10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of the Watergate scandal.


听力真题及答案
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each
conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions
will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11.
W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland
leaves?
M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
12.
W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?
W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.
Q: What does the man mean?
13.
W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.
M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.
Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
14.
W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.
M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
15. W: now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?
M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
16. M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you
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