杰克斯2018年12月大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2021年1月13日发(作者：束越新)

2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）


Part I Writing (30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big
city. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.
_______________________________________ __________________________________________________ ________________________
______________________ __________________________________________________ _________________________________________
_____ __________________________________________________ ________________


Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
!

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or
three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must
choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer
Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.
B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.
D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.
(

2. A) It is stable. B) It is durable.

C) It is inexpensive. D) It is sophisticated.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) It lasted more than six hours.
B) No injuries were yet reported.
C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.
D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.
4. A) Recruit and train more firefighters.
;

B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.

C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Shrinking potato farming. B) Heavy reliance on import.
C) Widespread plant disease. D) Insufficient potato supply.
6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.
}

B) It wants to expand its own farming.

C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
D) It is worried about unfair competition.
7. A) Global warming. B) Ever-rising prices.
C) Government regulation. D) Diminishing investment.

Section B
Directions：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four
questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet
1
with a single line through the centre.
!

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) Informative. B) Inspiring.
C) Dull. D) Shallow.
9. A) She types on a keyboard. B) She does recording.


C) She takes photos. D) She takes notes.
10. A) It keeps her mind active. B) It makes her stay awake.
C) It enables her to think hard. D) It helps her kill time.
11. A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.
;

B) It helps her better remember what she learns.

C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) To spend her honeymoon.
B) To try authentic Indian food.
C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.
<

D) To trace the origin of a love story.

13. A) In memory of a princess.
B) In honor of a great emperor.
C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
D) To celebrate the birth of a princess’s 14th child.
14. A) It looks older than expected.
B) It is built of wood and bricks.
C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.
~

D) It has walls decorated with jewels.

15. A) Their streets are narrow.
B) They are mostly crowded.
C) Each one has a unique character.
D) Life can be tedious in some places.

Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will
`

hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only

once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer
Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They help spread the latest technology.
B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.
C) They provide residents with the resources needed.
%

D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.

17. A) By helping them find jobs.
B) By inspiring their creativity.
C) By keeping them off the streets.
D) By providing a place of relaxation.
18. A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.
B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.
C) They tended to visit libraries regularly.
.

D) Their number increased modestly.


Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.
B) It is the largest cat in Africa.
C) It is an unusual cross breed.
D) It is a large-sized wild cat.
20. A) They are as loyal as dogs.
】

B) They have unusually long tails.



C) They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.
D) They know how to please their owners.
21. A) They shake their front paws.
B) They teach them to dive.
C) They shower with them.
D) They shout at them.

}

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) Anxious and depressed.
B) Contented and relieved.
C) Excited but somewhat sad.
D) Proud but a bit nervous.
23. A) It is becoming parents’ biggest concern.
B) It is gaining increasing public attention.
C) It is depends on their parents for success.
；

D) It starts the moment they are born.

24. A) Set a good example for them to follow.
B) Read books and magazines to them.
C) Help them to learn by themselves.
D) Choose the right school for them.
25. A) Their intelligence.
B) Their home life.
C) The effort they put in learning.
]

D) The quality of their school.






Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A
/

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making
your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item
on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $$5 trillion annually
in welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $$225 billion a year.
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating
and cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution
have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an “urgent call to action.”“One
of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31 ,”he said.
·

The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly
1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle- income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous
levels of outdoor air pollution.



But the problem is not limited 34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the . as a result of related
illnesses. In many European countries, where diesel(柴油) 35 have become more common in recent years, that number reaches
tens of thousands.
A) ability K) regularly
B) associated L) relates
C) consciously M) sources
D) constant N) undermine
E) control O) vehicles
F) damage
[

G) described

H) equals
I) exclusively
J) innovated

Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose
a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 2
.

Food-as-Medicine Movement Is Witnessing Progress
…

[A] Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California,
wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering
the cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that
is healthy. “Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples
are a little cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take
the frozen fruit out the night before and have it ready the next morning.”

[B] Scott is delighted to get food advice from a physician who is program director of the nearby Mary and Dick
Allen Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends
doctors to the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen
to be around with questions.
[C] Nadeau notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉)-and-cheese boxes in Scott’s shopping cart and suggests she switch
to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it”she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought
of how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sure they’d eat it. They just won’t eat
it.”
[D] Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. “In
America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant- based
food. I think we should try to reverse that.” Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real
macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.
[E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been around
for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment,
rather than relying solely on medications (药物). By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as
‘Shop with your Doc’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat.
“There’s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure,
even preventing cancer by food choices,” Nadeau says.
[F] In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and president of ST. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions
across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care
organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General
Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout
the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive
training in how to cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita


Nguyen, the hospital’s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re
eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”
[G] In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its
resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine — that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings
increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always
the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that
they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the
American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World
Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco
use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.
[H] “It’s a different paradigm(范式) of how to treat disease,” says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family
and preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty
is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients’ nutritional habits.
The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not
only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.
;

[I] Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending
on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare
them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives
of that patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea says. “As a physician, nutrition is
one of the most powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.”

[J] Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation(炎症), for example, or make the body
inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet —
particularly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.
[K] “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In
the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think
physicians can have a bigger voice in it.”
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.
37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.
38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.
：

41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.

42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.
43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.
44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.
45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
[

Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.

California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds
of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New
research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling


of wells could only reach depths of 1,000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be
extracted (抽取). The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers(地下蓄水层)below this depth and found that reserves
may be triple what was previously thought.
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California
has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground,
which means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from
this deep in the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted
by the weight of the earth above.
Even though pumping from these depths is expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating(脱盐)the ocean water
in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need
constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells
may be the answer to their severe water shortage.
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers.
This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research
from the exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the
water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers
A) By building more reserves of groundwater.
B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth.
]

C) By developing more advanced drilling devices.

D) By upgrading its water distribution system.
can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers
A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.
B) It was not considered worth the expense.
C) It may not provide quality freshwater.
D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground
…

A) The sinking of land surface. C) The damage to aquifers.

B) The harm to the ecosystem. D) The change of the climate.
49. What does the author say about deep wells
A) They run without any need for repairs.
B) They are entirely free from pollutants.
C) They are the ultimate solution to droughts.
D) They provide a steady supply of freshwater.
50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources
（

A) People’s health may improve with cleaner water.

B) People’s water bills may be lowered considerably.
C) The cost may go up due to desalination.
D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.


Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

The AlphaGo program’s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
>

But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair

One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether
we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes
than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to
avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk What about making a sudden
turn to avoid a dog What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching
ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor,
was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she
received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor
racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is
one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the
real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which own AlphoGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said
people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and “just
better human beings.”
does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victory
A)Computers will prevail over human beings.
/

B)Computers have unmatched potential.

C)Computers are man’s potential rivals.
D)Computers can become highly intelligent.
does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically
A)They are capable of predicting possible risks.
B)They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
C)They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
D)They sacrifice everything to save human lives.


is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age

A)How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.
B)How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
C)How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.
D)How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.
do we learn about Microsoft’s “chatbot” Taylor
A)She could not distinguish good from bad.
B)She could turn herself off when necessary.


{

C)She was not made to handle novel situations.

D)She was good at performing routine tasks.
55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence
A) It will be far superior to human beings.
B) It will keep improving as time goes by.
C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.

]

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should
write your answer on
Answer Sheet 2
.
由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以 惊人度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。他们现在经常智
能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报 刊。大量移动应用程序的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书
籍的销售受到 了影响。但调查显示，尽管能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。




~

_ 2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解
(第1套)
Parti Writing
継题
_

这是 四级考试中常见的议论文考试形式。此次话题
“
生活在大城市的挑战
”
是一个 相对比较熟悉的话题，因 此写起
来并不难。考生可以利用常见的议论文三段式行文结构写作
:
第一段引出话题;然后将重点放在第二段 具体阐述存在哪些
挑战上
;
最后第三段总结全文，或者呼应开头。
_作提纲
一、引出话题:随着经济和城市化
(urbanization)
的发展，大城市数量 不断增加
(constantly increasing)
，带来诸 多挑战

1
.
上下班高峰时段的交通拥堵问题
(the traffic congestion during rush hours)
人口众多
(the large population)
造成到处都很拥挤，很难找到安静 之所
(can
2

二、
具体阐述在大城市生活面临的挑战
＜

hardly find a peaceful place)
the inadequacy
3.
城市人口众多加剧了优质医疗和教育资源的短缺
(intensifies
of high-quality medical and educational resources)
，降



低了幸福感
三、得出结论
:
总结全文，重申观点

点猶
精彩点评

高分范文

The Challenges of Living in a Big City

①
With the development of economy and
①引出话题
:
大城市的数量不断增加。

prbanization,
the number of big cities is
constantly

②欲抑先扬，指出大城市吸引越来越多的人，但也

increasing in China
.②
While big cities are attracting
more and more people, they also bring many challenges,
such as traffic
jam
and pollution,
just to
name
a
few. i

带来诸多挑战。

③④⑤分别使用
“The first problem that really
bothers me is …”“ The next problem
is
that …”
③
The first problem that really
bothers
me is the
“Another consequence of the large population is
traffic congestion during rush hours. I hate waiting for buses
that...”
具体阐述在大城市生活面临的挑战。 ⑥用
as a
and being late for school or work
.④
The next problem is that
result
总结全文，再次重申自己的观点， 并以问句结尾，
the large population in big cities makes them so crowded that
增强互动性。

we can hardly find a peaceful place unless staying at home.
Supermarkets are always crowded, so are cinemas and parks
?⑤

P
加分亮点
urbanization
城市化

Another
~
一
'^ -------- large population is that it
H 1 ^
of happta
e
ss
0eS0UrCeS
constantly
不断地

traffic jam
交通拥堵

just to name a few
仅举几例

bother
烦扰，打扰

intensify
加剧

inadequacy
不充分，不足

resident
居民

:
of high-quality medical and
' ^
deCreasing res
idents，sense
whetherTlii^l^
邮

freqUentiy
^
al
琴
“no, defiiutely not'' Wh
二=，；咖體历


生活在大城市的挑战
随着经济和城市化的 发展，中国大城市的数量在不断增加。尽管大城市正吸弓
1
着越来越多的人，但它们也 带来了
诸多挑战，比如交通拥堵和污染问题，仅举几例。
/ 9 (
笛
1
奄、



困扰我的首要问题是上下班高 峰时段的交通拥堵。我讨厌等公交车，也讨厌上学或上班迟到。.第二个问题 是大城市
人口众多，使城 市非常拥挤，以至于我们除非待在家里，否则很难找到一个安静之所。超帝人满为患， 电影院和公园也是如此。众多的人口带来的另一个后果是它加剧了优质医疗和教育资源的匮乏，从而降低了居 民的幸福感。 < br>因此，尽管我经常被问到是否喜欢住在大城市，但我的答案一直都是
“
不，绝对不喜欢< br>”
。那你呢
主题词汇

unsatisfactory
令人不满意的

opportunity
机会

pressure
压力

environment
环境

health
健康

leisure
空闲，业余时间

fast pace
快节奏

lifestyle
生活方式

urban
城市的

second-tier city
二线城市

句式拓展

1. It is undeniable that there exists...in big cities, which
is so...that no one can escape from it.
毋庸置疑，大

城市存在
……
问题，这个问题如此……以至于无人能

够逃避。

2. A number of graduates prefer to work in big cities
where there are a lot of job opportunities, such as…
许多毕业生喜欢在大城市工作，因为这里有很多工作

机会，比如
...


.............. |
Part II Listening Comprehension
~News Report One ||
(1) A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver
fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful, the tiny device will provide the
moon with its first ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high-definition streaming of video and datfl
between the moon and Earth, The network is part of Mission to the Moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first
privately paid for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a SpaceX
Falcon 9 rocket in 2019. Mission to the Moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network
on the moon. (2) The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G. rather than a fifth generation or 5G network.
This is because fifth generation
networks are still in testing and trial phases. This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to
work on the moon’s surface.
Questioiui 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
未听先知
v
预览两道题各选项，由
mobile phone(s)
、
network
、
device
等词可以初步推测，新闻内容与移动网络 或设备
有关。第
1
题各选项均是动词短语
,
可能考査计划或姐议，且 本题选项中反复出现了
the moon
,可推测本题 考査的计划或建
议与月球有 关
;
第
2
题选项句式结构相同，用形容词表特征
,
可能考査 移动网络或设备的特点。
1. What are scientists planning to do
C)
。〔
#
了
_)
新闻开头提到
,201 9
年
,
科学家们将在月球上布设笫
4
代或者
4G
移 动网络。如果成功的话，
月球将首次覆盖移动电话网络。由此可知，科学家们计划在月球上布设移动电 话网络，答案为
C
)。
2. Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission
A)
0

新闻末尾提到，科学家们计划在月球上布设
4G
网络而不是第
5
代或是
5G
网络,因为第
5
代
网络系统目前仍处于测试阶段，如果布设在月球上可能会不够稳定。由此可推断，科学家们之所以选用
4G
网络
是因为其稳定性好,答案为
A)
。
I News Report Two
Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Hayward. The fire was reported
10(
第
1
奄
1


9:26
p. m. at an old shopping center on Mission Avenue near Saint Mary’s church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs
responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control .in about 45 minutes and iuanaSed to contain the fire to its point
of origin. There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out, (3) but there were no reports of any iijuries.
Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain
on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn’t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in
use since 2002. (4) In 2014, City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing.
However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.
Questions
3 and 4 are based on the news report you’ve just heard.
呈
)
预览两道题各选项，由 选项中出现的
iijuries
、
building、broke out
、
burned
、
firefighters
等词可推

测，新闻内容与火灾及其伤亡情况有关。
3. What does the news item say about the fire
B)
0
G
运新闻开头 提到了火灾发生的时间、地点以及救援情况。消防员用了大约
45
分钟控制住火势，
火灾发生时楼内有人，但尚无人员伤亡的报道。因此答案为
B
)。
4. What had City Hall planned to do
B)
0
< br>新闻末尾提到，
2014
年，市政厅计划拆除这家商场，改建经济适用房，但因资金匮乏 计划未能
实施。由此可知，市政厅的计划是拆除废弃的商场，答案为
B
)。
News Report Three
(5) Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price. This is after the country's main manufacturer
stopped sales due to a potato shortage. Storms and floods in its main potato- growing region last year caused the worst harvest
in more than 3 decades. Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-Ya are halting almost 50 products. “We
don’t know when we’ll be able to restart,” a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying, and many supermarket
shelves are bare. (6) Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese-made products. Japan
says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This
is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports. (7) But global
warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
未听先知
'
预览三道题各选项，由选项中的
potato .fanning .import .supply
等词可以推测，新闻内容与土豆的
种植、进口和供给有关。
?

5. What problem is Japan facing
D
）
。新闻开头提到，在日本，薯条的价格卖到了正常价格的六倍。这是主要生产厂家因土豆供给不 足而停止生产
之后的现象。土豆主产地去年遭遇了暴风和洪涝灾害，产量降至三十多年来最低。由此 可知，日本现在面临的
问题是土豆供治不足
,
答案为
D
）。
does Japan limit the import of potatoes
C< br>）
。新闻中提到，日本法律限制进口土豆，主耍原因是担心进口土豆会导致疾病的传播。因此答案 为
C
）。
7.
What might affect Japanese domestic produce
A
）。
細末尾綱，全球变卿加了国内农产品频繁 进受罕见天气严重影响的可能性。因此答案 为
A）
0

Section B
Conversation One
M
：
(8) Mr. Brown’s lectures are so boring.
MgLiini
(第
i
奈
i


W: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.
M
：
During eveiy one of his lectures, I try to listen. I really try, but after about ten minutes,, my mind begto to wander
and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour
W
：
Well , (9-1) what I do is keep my pen moving.
M
：
What do you mean
W: It’s a method of active concentration I read about. (9-2) One of the most effective ways to concentrate
is
to write
things down. But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard. You see, writing by hand forces you to actually
engage with what you are learning in a more physical way.
M
：
Do you review your notes afterwards then
W: Sometimes, but that’s not important. My notes may or may not be useful. But the point is that by writing down what Mr.
Brown says, I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact, sometimes I draw a little too.
M
：
You draw in class And that helps you pay attention
W
：
(10) Yes, honestly, it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article
I read. It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored and help to concentrate. Again, the point is to listen hard
while keeping the pen moving. (11) If I’m at home and I need to study，what I do is read out loud. It has a similar
effect to writing by hand. It helps memorize infonnation in a physical way.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
?
未听先勤预览四道题各选项，由选项中的
take notes^think ha rd
、
improve
、
learns
和
effectiv e
等词可以推

测，对话
^
与学习有关，可能涉及有效的学习方式等。
8. What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures
C)
0
dfi;
对话开头
,
男士说
Brown< br>先生的讲座非常枯燥。
C)
项中的
dull
与录音中的
bor ing
属同义替 换，由此确定
C)
为答
案。
9. What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures
D
)
。
［BWM：
男士问女士在听如此枯燥的讲座时是如何集中注意力的,
女士说自己的做法是“让笔动起 来
”
。之后女
士又提到，集中注意力 的一个有效方法就是写下来，但必须是手写而不是用键盘打字。由 此可知，女士在听布
朗先生的讲座时是边听边记笔记的，答案为
D
)。
10. Why does the woman draw in class
a)
11.
。对话中女士提到，除了记笔记外，她还会画一些无关的信息，这有助于保持大脑活跃，避免无
聊，还可以帮助集中注意力。因此答案为
A
)。
What does the woman say about reading out loud
b)
0

对话末尾女士提到，在家需要学习的时候，她会大声读岀来，大声朗读与手写笔记有相同的效
果，它能有助于记住所学的东西。因此答案为
B
)。
I Conversation Two
M
：
And where is this
W
：
These photos are from the Tgj Mahal in India. (12) We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.
M
：
Was it romantic
W
：
Yeah, the T^j Mahal was a veiy romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love stoiy behind this building that
all Indians learn in school. (13) I think it was during the 1600s and the princess at that time died while giviiig birth
to her 14th child. The emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to
be built in her honor.
M
：
Wow, that sounds very romantic. It looks amazing.
W
：
Yes, it’s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there
are gardens and a wall around it all. Its all built in this white stone. (14) And some walls of the building are decorated
with jewels.
M
：
It must have been very crowded when you were there.
^
—
2018. 12/12 f
第
1
奈
)


W
：
Yes, it’s a very famous tourist destination, so there are thousands of visitors every day.
M
：
Was the rest of India crowded
W
：
（15） Yes, very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets,
especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible. But the people are friendly. The
culture is amazing. And we had a great time.
M
：
What about the food
W
；
Indian food is great.. There arc lots of different dishes to try, and every region has its own special food.
Questions 12 to 15 are baised on the conversation you have just heard.
未听先知
预览四逍题各选项，山选项屮出现的
Indian
Mahal
、
princess
、
emperor、built
和
crowded
等词可推测，对话内容与印度的泰姬陵苻关。
12.
For what purpose did the woman go to India
A
）。
详解
）
对话开头，女士说这些图片是在印度的泰姬陵拍的，她和丈夫 十年前曾去那里度蜜月。由此
可知，女士去印度的目的是度蜜月，答案为
A
）。
13.
Why was the Taj Mahal built
A） G详解、对话中，女士说泰姬陵冇一个浪漫的故事：国王深爱的王妃在生第
14
个孩子时不幸 去世，国
王极度伤心，为纪念自己的王妃下令违造泰姬陵。因此答案为
A
）。
14.
What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal
D）
0

详解对话中女士提到泰姬陵的细节内容:很高很华丽，有花园和高墙环绕，整体都用白色大理石建
成，有些墙壁有珠宝装饰。因此答案为
D
）。
15.
What is the woman’s impression of Indian cities
B）
。运侔解对话末尾，男士询问女士印度的其他地方是否拥堵，女士给出肯定的回答，说很多城市都很拥
堵。由此可知，女士对印度城市的印象是拥堵，答案为）。
B
Section
Passage One
A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1,000 Americans conducted in April, 2016，finds that Americans continue to
express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. (16) For instance, around three
quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need.
And 66% say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community although notably, just
33% say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family. A majority of Americans feel libraries are
doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities
for people of all ages. (17) And roughly half think that libraries contribute a lot” to their communities in terms of helping
spark creativity among young people and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past
Pew Research Center surveys of library use, ttie April 2016 survey also measured Americans’ usage of and engagement with
libraries. Overall, 53% of Americans, age 16 and older, have had some interaction with a public library in the past year—either
through an in-person visit or using a library website. (18) Some 48% of adults specifically visited a
library
in the past
12 months, a modest increase from the 44% who sakl U>at in late 2015.
u
^
uestions 16 to
are based on the passage you liavo just heard.
醜三麵各选项，山
resources,digital books
和反复出现的
libraries
等词推测，短文内容与图书 馆有关，可
能涉及图书馆的功能和使用怡况等。
16.
What do
most Americans
say about local public libraries
C
)。详解短文开头蝴，皮尤研究帖
2
G
16
顿
1;
_
多名麵人进行酬査发现，難人继续对当
地公共图书馆的现状持肯定态度，大约四分之三的受访者认为图书馆给他们提供了所需的资源。因此 答案为
C
)。
17.
How can local public libraries benefit young people
B)
。短文中提到，大约一半的人认为图书馆在帮助激发年轻人的创造力方面为他们的社区做出了
迎
18. 12/13(
第
1
眘
)

18.
“
很大
”
贡献，即图书馆有利于激发年轻人的创造力，答案为）。
B
What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users
D）（?#1）
短文最后提到，调査显示，大约< br>48%
的成年人在过去的
12
个月中曾专门去过图书馆，这一比 例比
2015
年底的
44%
略有上升。因此答案为
D
）。