兰斯特2017年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析和听力原文卷一

2021年1月13日发(作者：刁包)
2017年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析和听力原文(卷一)
2017年12月大学英语四级真题(卷一)
Part I Writing (25 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best
handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but
no more than 180 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report,
you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) It tries entertain its audience.
B) It tries to look into the distance.
C) It wants to catch people's attention.
D) It has got one of its limbs injured.
2. A) It was spotted by animal protection officials. C) Its videos were posted on social media.
B) It was filmed by a local television reporter. D) Its picture won a photography prize.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) The distance travelled.
B) The incidence of road accidents.
4. A) Fewer people are commuting.
B) Gas consumption is soaring.
C) The spending on gas.
D) The number of people travelling.
C) Job growth is slowing down.
D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) He told a stranger the sad story about himself.
B) He helped a stranger to carry groceries to his car.
C) He went up to a stranger and pulled at his sleeves.
D) He washed a stranger's car in return for some food.
6. A) He ordered a lot of food for his family. B) He gave him a job at his own company.
C) He raised a large sum of money for him.
7. A) He works hard to support his family.
B) He is an excellent student at school.
Section B
D) He offered him a scholarship for college.
C) He is very good at making up stories.
D) He has been disabled since boyhood.
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each
conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be
spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) Attended an economics lecture.
B) Taken a walk on Charles Street.
9. A) Treat a college friend to dinner.
B) Make preparations for a seminar.
C) Had a drink at Queen Victoria.
D) Had dinner at a new restaurant.
C) Attend his brother’s birthday party.
D) Visit some of his high school friends.
10. A) Gather statistics for his lecture. C) Meet with Jonathan's friends on the weekend.
B) Throw a surprise birthday party. D) Join him in his brother's birthday celebration.
11. A) By car. B) By train. C) By taxi. D) By bus.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Taking a vacation abroad.
B) Reviewing for his last exam.
13. A) Preparing for his final exams.
B) Negotiating with his boss for a raise.
14. A) Finish her term paper.
B) Save enough money.
15. A) He has rich sailing experience.
B) He speaks Spanish fluently.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will
hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)
C) Saving enough money for a rainy day.
D) Finding a better way to earn money.
C) Working part time as a waiter.
D) Helping the woman with her courses.
C) Learn a little bit of Spanish.
D) Ask her parent's permission.
C) He is also eager to go to Spain.
D) He is easy to get along with.
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) She went to the same university as her mother.
B) She worked as a nurse in the First World War.
C) She won the Nobel Prize two times.
D) She was also a Nobel Prize winner.
17. A) She fought bravely in a series of military operations.
B) She developed X-ray facilities for military hospitals.
C) She helped to set up several military hospitals.
D) She made donations to save wounded soldiers.
18. A) Both died of blood cancer.
B) Both fought in World War I.
C) Both won military medals.
D) Both married their assistants.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) They were the first settlers in Europe. C) They discovered Iceland in the ninth century.
B) They were the conquerors of Norway. D) They settled on a small island north of England.
20. A) It was some five hundred miles west of Norway.
B) It was covered with green most time of the year.
C) It was the Vikings' most important discovery.
D) It was a rocky mass of land covered with ice.
21. A) The Vikings' ocean explorations.
B) The making of European nations.
C) The Vikings' everyday life.
D) The Europeans' Arctic discoveries.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) Work hard for a better life.
B) Make mistakes now and then.
C) Dream about the future.
D) Save against a rainy day.
23. A) Teach foreign languages for the rest of his life.
B) Change what he has for his past imaginary world.
C) Exchange his two-story house for a beach cottage.
D) Dwell on the dreams he had dreamed when young.
24. A) Criminal law. B) City planning.
C) Oriental architecture.
25. A) Dream and make plans.
B) Take things easy in life.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A
D) International business.
C) Be content with what you have.
D) Enjoy whatever you are doing.
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one
word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the
passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a
letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these
creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.
Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a
long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain
no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29 memory.
Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast
cancer in images.
Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed
animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors
(嗅觉感受器), whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect
33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB (肺结核) . When the rats
detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.
Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days
to 35 ,but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on
specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and,
therefore, save more lives.
A) associated
B) examine
C) indicate
Section B
D) nuisance
E) peak
F) preventing
G) prohibiting
H) sensitive
I) slight
J) specify
K) superior
L) suspicious
M) tip
N) treated
O) visual
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is
marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2.
Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?
Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for
answers.
[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned
to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through
Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am
still processing the question.
[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are
the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class
midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I
learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact,
I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it
mildly.
[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, over thinking the material and guessing
my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach,
who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He
believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way
they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an
in-class exam,” he explained, “Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to
perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”
[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125
students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a
take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they
call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either
smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat
blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert
on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me
going.
[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an
impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain from take-hone exams. “Students risk
health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers
take-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows
that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better
enhance learning and retention.”
[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the
subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask
their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or
journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to
take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery
Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather
than the memorization of minute details. “ In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you
know how to find out,” says Koch. “ There is way too much information, and more coming all the
time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by
using all the resources available to them.”
[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course
difficulty. “ I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time
to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress
factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “ I find the in-class ones are more stressful
in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then
you get to forget it all. Take- homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term
stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at
Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. “ If you understand the material
and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”
[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal test-taking abilities.
There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to
be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no
resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those
descriptions.
[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability
to access the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, told
me, “ We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Our fellow
students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last in school.”
[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share. When I
asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “ I like in-class exams because the time is already
reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,” he responded. It seems
to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two in advance, and
then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.
[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her
final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “ It is going to be
apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a blue
book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice.
36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.
37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.
38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.
39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.
40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.
41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult
than they actually are.
42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.
43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type of
course being taught.
44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.
45. Some students think take- home exams will eat up their free time.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions
or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings
is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the
following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown
University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.
Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans
evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be
affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins
that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining
alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the
same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the
unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The
participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with
techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the
participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than
twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains
behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left
hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.
Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information
detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the
sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular
beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was
staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by
stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she
found.
46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?
A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.
B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.
47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?
A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.
B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.
C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.
D) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins ‘ sleeping patterns.
48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?
A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.
B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.
C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.
D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.
49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?
A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.
B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.
C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.
D) She compared the responses of different participants.
50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?
A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.
B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.
C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.
D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or
over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only
slow you down and hinder your career goals.
Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many
women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “ very tired ” or “ exhausted ”, according to a
recent study.
This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's
also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason
women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “ no.
do it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is
often “ Yes, I can.”
Women struggle to say “ no
liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say “ no
as well as their career.
At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often
avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive
or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately,
resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute
from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same
dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem- even
if that means doing the boring work themselves.
This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a
leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources
wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that
promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.
51. What does the author say is the problem with women?
A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.
B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.
C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.
D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.
52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?
A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.
B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.
C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.
D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.
53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?
A) Their unwillingness to say “ no
B) Their desire to be considered powerful.
C) An underestimate of their own ability.
D) A lack of courage to face challenges.
54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.
A) women tend to be easily satisfied C) men tend to put their personal interests first
B) men are generally more persuasive D) women are much more ready to compromise
55. What is important to a good leader?
A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failure.
B) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese
into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。华山是 秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北，
也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过 去很少有人光临，因为上山的
道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿大人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多草药 ，特别是一些稀
有的草药。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
2017年12月大学英语四级真题答案解析(卷一)
Part I Writing (25 minutes)
【参考范文】
师生关系：
A good teacher-student relationship will make learning and teaching enjoyable and
interesting. Both teachers and students should make efforts to build a harmonious relationship.
On the one hand, the teacher plays an essential role in setting up a good teacher-student
relationship. The teacher should motivate the students and lead them to be interested in learning.
A good teacher should be patient, kindly and strict. Too kindly or too strict can be both harmful.
On the other hand, the students should respect their teachers, and pay more attention in class to
learn how to solve problems. It’s important to learn to raise questions and work out problems in
new ways.
A good teacher-student relationship benefits both the teachers and the students, so it’s
vital for them to word harder.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
New report 1
1.【答案】D) It has got one of its limbs injured.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“entertain its audience（娱乐观众）”，
“look into the distance（向远处看）”，“catch people's attention（引起人们的注意）”，“one of
its limbs injured（它的一条腿受伤了）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。再
根据题干“ What's the probable reason the bear walks upright on its back legs? ”意思是“这只
熊用后腿直立行走的原因是什么？”中的关键词“walks upright ”，定位到听力原文第一段
第一句话“ A New Jersey black bear that walks upright on its two back legs and has become a
social media darling has reemerged and has been captured on video month after its last
sighting. ”意思是“在新泽西州，一只黑熊用两条后腿直立行走，并成为了社交媒体的宠儿 ，
在距离上次曝光1个月后，它再次出现并被拍摄了视频。”可知黑熊直立行走，引起媒体的
关 注；题干中的 “walks upright”在该句话中重现；接下来听到听力原文第二段第一句话
“Pedals apparently has injured leg or palm that doesn't allow it to walk comfortably on all fours,
according to experts.”意思是“根据专家的说法，Pedals明显有一条腿 或一只熊掌受伤了，
因此无法正常用四肢行走。” 该句话中专家解释了黑熊直立行走的原因；选项D) It has got
one of its limbs injured.（它的一条腿受伤了。 ）中的“injured”在该句话中重现，与原文的语
义相符合，故选D)；其他三个选项：选项A) It tries entertain its audience.（它试图娱乐观众。），
选项B) It tries to look into the distance.（它试图朝远处看。）选项C) It wants to catch people's
attention.（它想引起人们的注意。），都与专家的解释不符合，故排除。
2. 【答案】C) Its videos were posted on social media.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“animal protection officials（动物保护
官员）”，“a local television reporte r（地方电视台记者）”，“videos（视频）”，“picture（照片）”，
听录音时着重听 文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “How is the bear first known for the
public?”意思是“这只熊最初是如何为公众所知的？”由题干中的关键词“first ”定位到听
力原文第二段第三句话“The bear first gained fame after it was spotted wondering around
neighborhoods and was caught on videos that were posted on social media and shown on
national television.”意思是“有人最初发现这只熊在居民区里四处游荡，拍摄 了视频并发布
在社交媒体上，国家电视台也播放了，黑熊也因此出名了。”可知黑熊被拍成视频并上传到
网站上；选项C)Its videos were posted on social media .（它的视频发布在社交媒体上。）在听
力原文中重现，与原文的语义相符合，故选C；其他三个选项： 选项A) It was spotted by animal
protection officials.（动物保护官员发现了它。），选项B) It was filmed by a local television
reporter.（这是由当地电视台记者拍摄的。），选项D) Its picture won a photography prize.（它
的照片赢得了摄影奖。），都与听力原文不符合，故排除。
News Report 2:
3. 【答案】A) The distance travelled.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“distance（路程）”，“road accidents
（道路交通事故）”，“gas（汽油）”，“people travelling（人们旅行）”，听录音时着重听文章
中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What new record did the American drivers set last year?”
意思是“美国司机们去年创下了哪项新纪录？”由题干中的关键词“new record”定位到听
力原文第三句话“Americans drove more miles last year than any other year on record.”意思是
“美 国人去年的行车里程数超过了有记录以来的任何一年。”由该句话可知美国人行车里程
达到了历史新高； 选项A) The distance travelled.（行程。），与该句话中的“drove more miles”
属于同义替换，故选A)；其他三个选项：选项B) The incidence of road accidents.（道路交通
事故的发生率。），选项D) The number of people travelling.（旅行的人数。），原文中未涉及，
故排除；选项C) The spending on gas.（汽油的花费。），在听力原文第7至9句话中提到“The
traffic increase comes at the same time as gas crisis drop significantly. The current average gas
price in U. S. is $$1.77 per gallon. A year ago, it was $$ 2.31 per gallon, it was often much higher in
recent years.”意思是“随着油价大幅下跌，交通量随之增长。美 国目前的平均油价是每加
仑1.77美元。一年前，价格是每加仑2.31美元，前些年油价普遍较高。 ”该三句话提到了汽
油的花费，也是为了解释行程增加的原因，与题干的问题不符合，故排除。
4. 【答案】D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Fewer people are commuting.
（上下班的人越来越少。）”，“B) Gas consumption is soaring.（汽油消耗量飙升。）”，“C) Job
growth is slowing down.（就业增长放缓。）”，“D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening.
（高峰时间的交通状况正在恶化。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干
是 “What is depressing according to the speaker?”意思是“ 根据说话者所说，什么事情令人
沮丧？”由题干中的关键词“depressing”定位到听力原文最 后一句话“Now, that is depressing.”
意思是“现在这种情形令人沮丧。” 该句话中的“that”代指听力原文倒数第三句话“And so
all this means more traffic jams on the road.（所有这些都导致了严重的交通拥堵。）”中的
“traffic jams”，倒数第二句话“The Taxes A&M Travel Institute found that rush-hour travellers
spent extra 42 hours on the road last year because of travel delays.（所有这些都导致了严重的
交通拥堵。The Taxes A&M Travel I nstitute发现，由于交通延误，上下班高峰期的游客去年在
路上多花了42个小时。）”中的“ travel delays”；选项D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening.（高峰
时间的交通状况正在恶化。）中的“Rush-hour ”和“traffic”在这两句话中重现，与原文的
语义相符合，故选D)；其他三个选项：选项A) Fewer people are commuting.（更少的人上下
班。），选项B) Gas consumption is soaring.（汽油消费正在飙升。），选项C) Job growth is slowing
down.（就业增长放缓。），听力原文都未涉及，故排除。
News Report 3:
5. 【答案】B) He helped a stranger to carry groceries to his car.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“sad story（悲惨的故事）”，“carry
groceries（搬运杂货）”，“pulled at his sleeves（揪袖子）”，“washed a stranger's car（洗陌生
人的车）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What did the teenager
Chauncy do at the grocery store to get some food?”意思是“在杂货店里，少年Chauncy为了
获 取食物做了些什么？”由题干中的关键词“grocery store”和“some food”定位到听力原
文第一句话“A 16-year-old asked a stranger at a grocery store to buy him and his mother some
food in exchange for carrying the man's groceries to his car.”意思是“一个16岁的孩子在杂货
店请一 个陌生人给他和他的母亲买一些食物，作为交换，他把这个男人的杂货搬到车上。”
由该句话可知Cha uncy换取食物的方式是替陌生人搬运杂货；选项B) He helped a stranger to
carry groceries to his car.（他帮助一个陌生人把杂货运到他的车上。）中的“a stranger”、
“ groceries”和“his car”，在原文中重现，“carry”与该句话中的“carrying ”属于同义转
换，与原文的语义相符合，故选B)；其他三个选项：选项A) He told a stranger the sad story about
himself.（他告诉一个陌生人关于他自己的悲惨故事。），选项C) He went up to a stranger and
pulled at his sleeves.（他走到一个陌生人跟前，揪起他的衣袖。），选项D) He washed a stranger's
car in return for some food.（他洗陌生人的车，以换取食物。），原文中都未提及，故排除。
6. 【答案】C) He raised a large sum of money for him.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“ordered a lot of food（订购了许多食
物）”，“gave him a job（给他一份工作）”，“raised a large sum of money（筹集了一大笔钱）”，
“offered him a scholarship（给他奖学金）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。
题干是 “What did the stranger do for Chauncy?”意思是“那个陌生人为C hauncy做了什么？”
由题干的问题定位到听力原文第三句话“A wonderful bond formed between the two, and
within a couple of weeks, the stranger, named White, helped raise $$190,000 on the website to
support the Memphis teenager and his disabled mother.”意思是“两人之间建立了亲密的联系 ，
几周后，这个名叫White的陌生人在网站上募集了190000美元来支持这位孟菲斯少年和他< br>的残疾母亲。”可知White在网站上为Chauncy筹钱；选项C) He raised a large sum of money for
him.（他为他筹集了一大笔钱。）中的“rai sed”与该句话中的“raise”属于同义转换，“a large
sum of money” 与该句话中的“$$190,000”属于同义替换，与原文的语义相符合，故选C)；
其他三个选项：选 项A) He ordered a lot of food for his family.（他为他家人订购了很多食物。），
选项B) He gave him a job at his own company.（他在自己的公司给了他一份工作。），选项D) He
offered him a scholarship for college.（他给了他一份大学奖学金。），原文中都未提及，故排除。
7. 【答案】B) He is an excellent student at school.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“works hard（努力工作）”，“an excellent
student（一个优秀的学生）”，“making up stories（编故事）”，“has been disabled（残疾了）”，
听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What do we learn about Chauncy?”
意思是“我们对Chauncy有哪些了解 ？”由题干的问题定位到听力原文第七句话““Chauncy
is a top student who is doing his best to make it in a world with no money and very few
resources,”意思是“‘Chauncy是 一名优秀的学生，
在没有钱和资源的环境下，他竭尽全力生存，’White在众筹网站上解释说。”可 知Chauncy
是一名优秀的学生；选项B) He is an excellent student at school.（他在学校是一名优秀的学生。）
中的“an excellent student”与该句话中的“a top student”属于同义替换，与原文的语义相
符合，故选B)；其他三个选项：选项A) He works hard to support his family.（他努力工作养
家糊口。），选项C) He is very good at making up stories.（他很擅长编故事。），选项D) He has
been disabled since boyhood.（他从小就残废了。），原文中都未提及，故排除。
Section B
Conversation 1
8. 【答案】A) Attended an economics lecture.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Attended an economics lecture.
（参加经济学讲座。）”，“B) Taken a walk on Charles Street.（在查尔斯街散步。）”，“C) Had a
drink at Queen Victoria.（在维多利亚女王酒吧喝了一杯。）”，“D) Had dinner at a new restaurant.
（在一家新开的餐馆吃饭。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的 相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What
has the man just done?”意思是 “那个男人刚刚做了什么？”由题干的问题定位到听力长对
话中男士第一次说的话“That was my last week economic lecture of the week. And here is the
weekend again.”意思是“刚才是我本周最后一节经济学讲座 了，又到周末了。”可知男士刚
刚参加了一次经济学讲座；选项A) Attended an economics lecture.中的 “economics lecture.”
在原文中重现，符合原文的语义，故选A)。
9. 【答案】C) Attend his brother’s birthday party.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Treat a college friend to dinner.
（请大学朋友吃饭。）”，“B) Make preparations for a seminar.（为研讨会做准备。）”，“C) Attend
his brothers birthday party.（参加他兄弟的生日聚会。）”，“D) Visit some of his high school
friends.（去拜访他的高中朋友。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是
“What is the man going to do this weekend?”意思是“那个男人本周末打算做什么？”由题
干中的关键词“this weekend”定位到听力长对话中男士第二次说的话“Sorry, I'm heading
home this weekend for my brother's 18th birthd ay.”意思是“对不起，这个周末我要回家参加
我弟弟的18岁生日。”可知这个周末男士要回家参加 弟弟的生日聚会；选项C) Attend his
brother’s birthday par ty.中的“brother’s”和“birthday”在原文中重现，符合原文的语义，故
选C) 。
10.【答案】D) Join him in his brother's birthday celebration.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Gather statistics for his lecture.
（为他的讲座收集统计资料。）”，“B) Throw a surprise birthday party.（办个生日惊喜派对。）”，
“C) Meet with Jonathan's friends on the weekend.（在周末和Jonathan's的朋友见面。）”，
“D)Join him in his brother's birthday celebration.（和他一起参加他弟弟的生日庆祝 活动。）”，
听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What does the man ask the woman
to do?”意思是“那个男士邀请女士做什么事情？”由题 干的问题定位到听力长对话中男士
第三次说的话“All my relatives are gonna there, as well as my brother's horrible friends, of
course. Listen, why won't you come along? Mom would be absolutely delighted to see you again.
She's always asking after you.”意思是“ 我所有的亲戚都会来，当然还有我弟弟那些闹腾的朋
友们。听着，你为什么不和我一起去？我妈妈见到你 一定会很开心。她总是在问你。”可知
男士邀请女士参加他弟弟的生日聚会；选项D) Join him in his brother's birthday celebration.
符合原文的语境，故选D)。
11.【答案】B) By train.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“car（汽车）”，“train（火 车）”，“taxi
（出租车）”，“bus（公共汽车）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行 判断。题干是 “How
will they go to the man's home?”意思 是“他们怎么去那个男人的家？”由题干的问题定位到
听力长对话中男士第六次说的话“No, not at all. I'll go to the station first, and see if I can get
tickets for us on the 6:30 train. Then, you can join me there. I'll text you when it's done.”意思是
“不，一点也不。我先去车站，看看能不能为咱们买上6：30的火车票 。然后，你可以与我
在车站会合。办完后我会给你发短信。”可知男士征求女士的意见后，要先去车站买 火车票；
听力长对话中女士最后征求男士的意见时说的话“Look, I'd better go, or I'll be late. So, I'll meet
you down at the station around 6:00.”意思是“听着，我得走了，否则我要迟到了。那么，咱
们6点左右在车站见。”选项B) By train.中的“train.”在原文中重现，故选B)。
Conversation 2
12.【答案】A) Taking a vacation abroad.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Taking a vacation abroad.
（去国外度假。）”，“B) Reviewing for his last exam.（复习他的最后一次考试。）”，“C) Saving
enough money for a rainy day.（存足够的钱以备不时之需。）”，“D) Finding a better way to earn
money.（找到更好的赚钱方法。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是
“What does the man think of doing?”意思是“那位男士打算做 什么？”由题干的问题定位
到听力长对话中男士第二次说的话“Good. The term is coming to an end. Do you think we
should take a holiday overseas to relax and have fun? …”意思是“好。这学期就要结束了。
你认为我们应该去国外度假放松一下，玩得开心吗? ……”可知男士问女士是否认为他们应
该去国外度假，休息放松一下；选项A) Taking a vacation abroad.中的“Taking”与原文中的
“take”属于同义转换， “a vacation abroad”与原文中的“a holiday overseas”属于同义替
换，符合原文的语义，故选A)。
13.【答案】C) Working part time as a waiter.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Preparing for his final exams.
（准备期末考试。）”，“B) Negotiating with his boss for a raise.（和老板商量加薪。）”，“C)
Working part time as a waiter.（兼职做服务员。）”，“D) Helping the woman with her courses.（帮
助妇女学习课程。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What has the
man been doing for the past few months?”意思是“那位男士过去几个月做了什么？”由题干
中的关键词“past few months”定位到听力长对话中男士第二次说的话“…I've saved my tips
from my waiter job these past few months, and I should have enough by July.”意思是“……在
过去的几个月里，我 一直攒着服务员工作挣的小费，到七月份就应该已经够了。”可知男士
在过去的几个月里一直做服务员； 选项C) Working part time as a waiter.中的“waiter”在原
文中重现，符合原文的语义，故选C)。
14.【答案】B) Save enough money.
【解析】在听录音前，在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Finish her term paper.（完
成她的学期论文。）”，“B) Save enough money.（挣足够的钱。）”，“C) Learn a little bit of Spanish.
（学习一点西班牙语。）”，“D) Ask her parent's perm ission.（征求父母的同意。）”，听录音时
着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What does the woman say she needs to do
before departure?”意思是“那位女士说她在出发前需要做什么？” 由题干中的关键词
“before departure” 定位到听力长对话中女士第二次说的话“Yes, that's a wonderful idea. I've
got a little put aside for a rainy day, but I might need to earn a little more before we go. By the
way, what’s it like working in the restaurant?”意思是“是的，这是个好主意。我也存了一些
钱以备不时之需，但在出发前我 可能还需要多挣一点。顺便问一下，在餐厅工作怎么样？”
可知女士出发前还需要多挣一点钱，该句话中 的“before we go”与题干中的“before departure”
属于同义替换；选项B) Save enough money.中的“Save”与该句话中的“earn”属于同义替
换，符合原文的语义，故选C)。
15.【答案】A) He has rich sailing experience.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词“rich sailing experience（丰富的航海经
验）”，“speaks Spanish fluently（流利地说西班牙语）”，“eager to go to Spain（渴望去西班牙）”，
“easy to get along with（容易相处）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干
是 “Why does the woman want to invite Tom?”意思是“为什么那位女士想邀请Tom？”由
题干中的关键词“invite” 和“Tom” 定位到听力长对话中男士第三次说的话“…Do you think
we should invite some others to come along?”意思是“……你认为我们应该邀请其他人一起
去吗？”女士回答说“Yes, we could ask Tom and Tracy if they are interested. … And if Tom goes,
we could go sailing. He has a lot experience with boats,…”意思是“是的，如果Tom和Tracy
感兴趣的话，我们可以邀请他们。……如果Tom去的话，我们可以去航海。他有丰富的驾
船经验，…… ”题干中的“invite”在男士的问句中重现，“Tom”在女士的回答中重现；选
项A) He has rich sailing experience.（他有丰富的航海经验。）中的“ rich”与女士的回答中
的“ a lot”属于同义替换，“sailing”和“experie nce”在女士的回答中重现，符合原文的语
义，故选A)；其他三个选项：选项B) He speaks Spanish fluently.
（他讲西班牙语很流利。），选项C) He is also eager to go to Spain.（他也渴望去西班牙。），选
项D) He is easy to get along with.（他很容易相处。），原文中都未提及，故排除。
Section C
Passage One
16.【答案】D) She was also a Nobel Prize winner.
【解析】考查细节题。在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词 “went to the same university
（上同一所大学）”，“ worked as a nurse（当护士）”，“won the Nobel Prize two times（两次
获得诺贝尔奖）”，“a Nobel Prize winner（诺贝尔奖得主）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信
息，进行判断。题干是 “What does the speaker say about Marie Curie's daughter?”意思是“说
话者是如何形容Marie Curie的女儿的？”由题干的问题定位到听力短文第一段第二句话
“Most people know Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first
person to win it r, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize
winner.”意思是“大多数人都知道Marie Curie是第一个 获得诺贝尔奖的女性，同时也是第
一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。然而，很少有人知道她也是诺贝尔奖得 主的母亲。”；听力短
文第二段对Marie Curie的女儿Irene Currie进行了详细的介绍；听力短文第三段第二句话
“Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize … ”意思是“和她的母亲一样，Irene获
得诺贝尔奖……”；选项D) She was also a Nobel Prize winner.（她也是诺贝尔奖得主。）的“ a
Nobel Prize winner”在原文中重现，符合原文的语义，故选D)；其他三个选项：选项A) She
went to the same university as her mother.（她和她母亲去了同一所大学。），原文中未提及，
故排除；选项B) She worked as a nurse in the First World War.（她在第一次世界大战中担任护
士。），由听力短文第二段第四、五句话 “ When World War I began, she left Sorbonne
University to help her mother, … developing x-ray facilities for military hospitals in France and
Belgium. ”意思是“第一次世界大战爆发后，她离开Sorbonne大学去协助她 母亲，……她
为法国和比利时的军事医院开发x光设备。” 可知Irene开发x光设备，而不是护士，故排
除；选项C) She won the Nobel Prize two times.（她两次获得诺贝尔奖。），由听力短文第一段
第一句话“Most people know Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the
first person to win it twice.”意思是“大多数人都知道Marie Curie是第一个获得诺贝尔奖的
女性，同时也是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。”可知Marie Curie两次获得诺贝尔奖，听
力短文中只提到Irene获得诺贝尔奖，但没提次数，故排除。
17.【答案】B) She developed X-ray facilities for military hospitals.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词 “ fought bravely（英勇作战）”，
“ developed X-ray facilities（研制了X射线设备）”，“set up several military hospitals（组建几
所军队医院）”，“save wounded soldiers（救伤员）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进
行判断。题干是 “For what was Irene Curie awarded a military medal?”意思是“Irene Curie
因何被授予了军事勋章？”由题干中的关键词“a military medal”定位到听力短文第二段第
六句话“After the war she received a military medal for her work.”意思是“战争结束后，她因
这项工作而获得一枚军事勋章。” 题干中的“a military medal”在该句话中重现；再联系上
文（听力短文第四、五句话） “When World War I began, she left Sorbonne University to help
her mother, … developing x-ray facilities for military hospitals in France and Belgium. ”意思 是
“第一次世界大战爆发后，她离开Sorbonne大学去协助她母亲，……她为法国和比利时的军事医院开发x光设备。”可知Irene Curie是由于为法国和比利时的军事医院开发x光设备
而获得一枚军事勋章；选项B) She developed X-ray facilities for military hospitals. （她为军事医
院研制了X射线设备。）中的“developed”与听力短文第五句话中的“deve loping”属于同
义转换，“X-ray facilities for military h ospitals”在听力短文第五句话中重现，符合原文的语义，
故选B)；其他三个选项：选项A) She fought bravely in a series of military operations.（她在一
系列军事行动中英勇作战。），选项C) She helped to set up several military hospitals.（她帮助
建立了几所军队医院。），选项D) She made donations to save wounded soldiers.（她捐款拯救
受伤的士兵。），原文中都为提及，故排除。
18. 【答案】 A) Both died of blood cancer.
【解析】在听录音前，先从四个选项来看： “ A) Both died of blood cancer.（两人都死
于血癌。）”，“ B) Both fought in World War I.（两人都参加了第一次世界大战。）”，“C) Both won
military medals.（两人都获得了军事奖牌。）”，“D) Both married their assis tants.（都嫁给了他
们的助手。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “In what way were
Marie and Irene similar?”意思是“Marie和Irene Curie在哪些方面相似？”由题干的问题定
位到听力短文最后一段“Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed blood cancer
because of her exposure to radiation. Irene Joliot Curie died on March 17th, 1956.”意思是“不
幸的是，她也像她的母亲一样，也因为遭受辐射得了血癌。Irene Joliot Curie于1956年3月
17日去世。”可知Marie和Irene Curie都死于血癌；选项A) Both died of blood cancer.中的
“blood cancer”在听力短文最后一段第一句话中重现，符合原文的语义，故选A)。
Passage Two
19.【答案】C) They discovered Iceland in the ninth century.
【解析】在听录音前，先找出四个选项的中心词 “ the first settlers in Europe（欧洲的
第一批定居者）”，“ the conquerors of Norway（挪威的征服者）”，“discovered Iceland（发现
了冰岛）”，“settled on a small island（定居在一个小岛上）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关
信息，进行判断。题干是 “What do we learn about the Vikings? ”意思是“我们对Vikings
有什么了解？” 由题干的问题定位到听力短文第二段“The Vikings' first major discovery
occurred in the 9th century. A man called Naddodd was on his way from Norway to the Faroe
Islands, north of England, when his ship was caught in a storm. The storm blew the ship west for
several days. When the weather cleared, Naddodd found himself on the coast of a new ,
Viking travelers named it Iceland.”意思是“Vikings的第一次重大发现发生在九世纪。一个叫
Naddodd的 人正从挪威前往英国北部的Faroe 群岛，当时他的船遇上了暴风雨。暴风雨把他
的船往西吹着行驶 了好几天。当天气晴朗时，Naddodd发现自己在新大陆的海岸上。后来，
Vikings把它命名 为冰岛。”可知Vikings发现了冰岛；选项C) They discovered Iceland in the ninth
century.（他们在九世纪发现了冰岛。）中的“discover ed”与听力短文第二段第一句话中的
“discovery”属于同义转换，“in the ninth century”在听力短文第二段第一句话中重现，
“Iceland”在听力短文第二 段最后一句话中重现，故选 C)；其他三个选项：选项A) They were
the first settlers in Europe.（他们是欧洲的第一批定居者。），由听力短文最后一段最后一句话
“Leif Erikson and his men were the first Europeans to walk on the shores of North America,
almost five hundred years earlier than Columbus.”意思是“Leif Erikson和他的部下是第一个在
北美洲海岸行走的欧洲人，比Columbus早了五百年。”可 知Leif Erikson和他的部下是第一
个在北美洲海岸行走的欧洲人， 而不是欧洲的第一批定居者，故排除；选项B) They were the
conquerors of Norway.（他们是挪威的征服者。），由听力短文第二段可知Naddodd从挪威前
往英 国北部的Faroe 群岛，在那里发现新大陆，而不是在挪威，故排除；选项D) They settled
on a small island north of England.（他们定居在英国北部的 一个小岛上。），由听力短文第二段
可知他们在去英国北部的Faroe 群岛的途中，暴风雨把他的船 往西吹着行驶了好几天，才发
现新大陆，而不是英国北部的一个小岛上，故排除。
20.【答案】D) It was a rocky mass of land covered with ice.
【解析】在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) It was some five hundred miles west of
Norway.（它在挪威以西大约五百英里处。）”，“B) It was covered with green most time of the
year.（一年中大部分时间都是绿色的。）”，“C) It was the Vikings' most important discovery.（这
是Vikings最重要的发现。）”，“D) It was a rocky mass of land covered with ice.（那是一块覆盖
着冰块 的岩石土地。）”，听录音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What does
the passage say about the Greenland? ”意思是“关于格陵兰岛，文章讲了些什么？” 由题
干中的关键词“Greenland” 定位到听力短文第二段第2至4句话“ 500 miles west of Iceland,
he and his men reached an icy rocky massive land. They sailed around it until they reached the
western side. Here, they found some green areas, so they named the island Greenland.”意思是
“在冰岛以西500英里的地方，他与同伴到达了一片冰雪覆盖、岩石成群的广袤大地。他们
绕着该岛航 行，一直行驶到西边。在这里，他们发现了一片绿地，所以他们将此岛命名为格
陵兰岛。”可知该块新大 陆冰雪覆盖、岩石成群；选项D) 中的“a rocky mass of land covered
with ice”与听力短文第二段第2句话中的“an icy rocky massive land”属于同义替换，符合
原文的语义，故选D)；其他三个选项：选项A)和选项C) ，原文中 都未提及，故排除；选项
B)，从听力短文第二段的描述中可知格陵兰岛大部分冰雪覆盖、岩石成群，只 有一片绿地；
由听力短文最后一段最后一句话可知新大陆指的是北美洲，北美洲接近北极，不可能大部分
时间都是绿色，故排除。
21.【答案】A) The Vikings' ocean explorations.
【解析】考查文章的主旨题。在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) The Vikings' ocean
explorations.（Vikings的海洋探索。）”，“B) The making of European nations.（欧洲国家的形
成。）”，“C) The Vikings' everyday life.（Vikings的日常生活。）”，“D)The Europeans' Arctic
discoveries.（欧洲人在北极的发现。）”，听录 音时着重听文章中的相关信息，进行判断。题
干是 “What does the speaker mainly talk about? ”意思是“说话者主要讲述了什么内容？”
由题干的问题可 知是问文章的主旨，听力短文第一段简单介绍Vikings，引出了他们的三大
重要地理发现；第二、 三段围绕这三大发现从海洋、航行和发现新大陆三方面展开描述；由
此可知，听力短文的主旨是海洋探索 ；选项A) 符合原文的语义，故选A)。
Passage Three
22.【答案】C) Dream about the future.
【解析】在听录音前，先从四个选项来看：“A) Work hard for a better life.（为更好的生
活而努力工作。）”，“B) Make mistakes now and then.（时不时犯错误。）”，“C) Dream about the
future.（梦想未来。）”，“D) Save against a rainy day.（未雨绸缪。）”，听录音时着重听文章中
的相关信息，进行判断。题干是 “What does the speaker think everyone tends to do? ”意思