shortcomings2017-2018-宜川中学-高三上10月英语考试

2021年1月13日发(作者：胡亮)

宜川中学2017学年第一学期阶段测试
高三英语 试卷 2017.10
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given
word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

From classics to movies
He can recite Shakespeare’s Hamlet from memory. His favorite ancient myth is The Odyssey. Tom
Hiddleston, 32, could have been a popular professor teaching English Literature at (21) __________
university, but the well-educated British man chose to do something that he loves even more: acting.
He’s well-known around the world as the villain Loki from the Hollywood films Thor (2011), The
Avengers (2012) and now Thor: The Dark World, which will come out in China on Nov 8. Hiddleston’s role
as Thor’s evil brother has led his fans — “Hiddlestoners” — (22) __________ (refer) to him as “the most
charming villain” in cinema.
(23) __________ his charm, Hiddleston had a tough time (24) __________ (persuade) his scientist
father that acting was a worthwhile job. As a student at Eton, a private school for upper-class kids in England,
Hiddleston performed in a lot of school plays. At 18, he appeared on stage at the Edinburgh International
Festival. “It was the first time that people I knew and loved and respected came up to me after the show and
said: ‘You could really do this (25) __________ you wanted to’,” Hiddleston told the Daily Mail.
He said that as a teenager he didn’t have much self-esteem, but acting gave him confidence. “It was
when they started saying I could do it (26) __________ I really committed to it as a possibility,” he continued.
However, his father did not approve, believing his polite and bright son should be using his brains for (27)
__________ else. “You’ve been educated, so why do you want to spend your life pretending to be someone
else when you could be your own man?” the father told the son.
So, instead of going to drama school, Hiddleston went to Cambridge, (28) __________ he studied
classics. There, he continued to appear in student plays and even landed some roles on TV and in local
theaters. He managed to balance his acting and his studies so well that he (29) __________ (graduate) with
a first-class degree.
But Hiddleston’s international breakthrough came when he auditioned for the 2011 film Thor. He was
desperate to play the title superhero, but the director decided that he was (30) __________ (suitable) for the
part of the villain, Loki.
In the end, his dark and powerful performance won over his father. It also earned him some important
fans in the film industry: Steven Spielberg and Woody Allen. The two world-famous directors asked him to
star in their award-winning films War Horse (2011) and Midnight in Paris (2011), respectively.

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.


A. boast B. underrepresented C. shared D. participation E. pursuit F. launched
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G. confirmed H. female I. barriers J. agreements K. advancing

Gender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overall well-being of
a population.
“If the world closed the gender gap in workforce 31 , global Gross Domestic Product would increase by
28 trillion dollars by 2025... That’s about a quarter of the world’s current GDP, and almost half of the world’s
current debt,” said U.S. Ambassador- at-Large for Global Women’s Issues Catherine Russell in a recent
speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure,
and peace 32 last longer when women are at the negotiating table.”
Nonetheless, no country in the world can33 that it has achieved full gender equality.
“Around the world, women are vastly 34 in politics and the workforce, particularly in leadership
positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women make up the
majority of the poor. “I’ve heard people say that poverty has a 35 face, and that makes sense when you
consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth,” said Ambassador Russell.
World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from 36 gender equality, she said. This
is why gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policy. A key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating and
empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States 37 its global strategy to empower adolescent girls,
as well as Let Girls Learn, which is a Presidential initiative that focuses on educating girls.
We are also working with numerous countries to remove 38 that keep women from inheriting or owning
property, entering the formal job market or accessing banking services.
“Gender equality sometimes looks like an impossible task — a 39 without an end,” said Ambassador
Russell. “But...we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by
discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, men and boys all around the world.
And in doing so, we can reach our 40goals of peace, prosperity, and security.”

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

“Achievement Gap” Closing Slightly for Young Students in U.S.
Within many education systems, wealthier students often test better than poorer ones, which, to
education experts, is often called the “achievement gap.”
Sean Reardon is a professor of poverty and 41 in education at Stanford. He studied children and how
they prepare for kindergarten classes. He also looked at how their preparation has changed since the 1990s.
He found 42 that from 1998 to 2010 the achievement gap closed a little.
One way to reduce the gap is to offer pre-kindergarten 43 to very young children.
Education experts and some politicians have long 44 for pre-kindergarten classes for all young children.
In fact, it has been a 45 heard on the political campaign trail —universal pre-kindergarten classes for all 3-
and 4-year-olds.
Such classes are already being offered in some areas around the United States, including the U.S. capital,
Washington, D.C. 46 , education reformers may want to look to Washington as a role model.
Vincent Gray, former mayor of the District of Columbia, wrote the legislation for universal pre-K when
he was chairman of the D.C. Council. His 47 gave parents of all children in Washington the choice to begin
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school at either age 3 or 4. The pre-K programs are not a 48 in the city. Parents can still choose what is best
for their family. But many parents are choosing education.
However, there are theories that say a child does not need schooling at the age of 3 and 4. If we are
looking at test results, Finland 49 the United States and most other countries in mathematics, reading and
science. Yet Finnish children do not start school until age 7.
Perhaps there is not a one-size-fits-all answer. Perhaps different children need school at different times.
Generally, wealthier parents have more 50 resources to help their children. Educated parents — wealthy or
not — may know how to use the resources that are available to them. For example, they may take their
children to free events at a public library or recreation center. Washington, D.C. also has many museums
with free 51 .
Perhaps children who grow up with these types of activities don’t need to start attending school at age
3. However, children who are growing up in what Vincent Gray calls socio-economically 52 situations may
not have access to such activities. For some families, he says, starting school at age 3 can be a game changer.
Pre- kindergarten classes do more than 53 the child. They also bring parents and caregivers into the
schools. This point of contact, explains Gray, is a valuable time to educate families.
A federal study found that, 54, parent involvement increased with such contacts. But it increased even
more among 55 parents. It shows schools offer a place where conversations with these parents can happen.

41. A. efficiency B. inequality C. convenience D. independence
42. A. critically B. terribly C. firmly D. surprisingly
43. A. projects B. actions C. programs D. materials
44. A. desired B. pushed C. demanded D. promoted
45. A. promise B. potential C. possibility D. proportion
46. A. In fact B. For example C. As a result D. On the contrary
47. A. figure B. measure C. feature D. portrait
48. A. freedom B. option C. requirement D. need
49. A. beats B. wins C. conquers D. overcomes
50. A. economical B. political C. natural D. financial
51. A. permission B. admission C. expression D. impression
52. A. rich B. secure C. challenging D. dangerous
53. A. support B. entertain C. excite D. educate
54. A. generally B. especially C. definitely D. rarely
55. A. well-paid B. highly-cultivated C. well-educated D. low-income

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)
Science not always so serious
Did you know that if you attach a weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks like a dinosaur?
No, you did not know (or care to know) such things, but now you do! Thanks to this year’s winners of
the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its 25
th
year, the Ig Nobel is the goofyyounger cousin of the honored Nobel Prize.
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It applauds achievements in the fields of medicine, biology, physics, economics, literature, etc. Every
September at Harvard University, awards are presented in 10 categories that change year to year, depending
on — according to the organization — what makes the judges “laugh, then think”.
The ceremony officially begins when audience members launch paper airplanes at an assigned human
target on the stage, then speakers only have 60 seconds to present their research. In previous years, the one-
minute rule was imposed by a young girl — nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo — who would go up to the platform
and repeat the words: “Please stop, I’m bored,” in a sharp tone until the speaker left the stage.
Fortunately for candidates though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held afterwards on Saturday to give
presenters more time to explain the crazy things they’re working on.
The research can seem more like the brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable adults. Justin
Schmidt won the physiology Ig for creating the “Sting Pain Index,” which rates the pain people feel
after getting stung (蛰) by insects. Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts of his body until they stung
him. Five stings a day for 38 days, Smith concluded that the most painful sting locations were the nostril (鼻
孔) and the upper lip. Ouch.
As silly as they sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific applicability. A group of scientists from
12 different countries won in the medicine category for accurately diagnosing patients with appendicitis (阑
尾炎) based on an unusual measurement: speed bumps (减速带). They found that patients are more likely to
have appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car rides.
All these weird experiments have just one thing in common. They’re improbable. It can be tempting to
assume that “improbable” implies more than that — implies bad or good, worthless or valuable, trivial or
important. Something improbable can be any of those, or none of them, or all of them, in different ways. And
what you don’t expect can be a powerful force for not only entertaining science, but also for the boundary-
pushing science we call innovation.

56. The underlined word “goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
A. timid B. funny C. glorious D. warm-hearted
57. According to the passage, what can we know about the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel?
A. It is held at a fixed place.
B. Candidates should know how to fold paper planes.
C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the hostesses.
D. Ig Informal Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish their speeches.
58. The example in Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel __________.
A. celebrates the diligent work of researchers
B. offers another opportunity to those who miss the Nobel Prizes
C. serves as a platform for the creative and practical achievements
D. amuses the audience
59. Among the four candidates below, who is most likely to win an Ig Nobel?
A. A chemist who invents a chemical method to partially un-boil an egg.
B. A novelist who criticizes social injustice severely.
C. A physicist who studies the origin of the universe.
D. An economist who achieves a breakthrough in the study of international trade.

(B)
All aboard: try these out
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Here are new card games popular in the Western geek circle that offer much brain work. Give them a
try if you fancy testing your limits.
Mysterium
In this game, the players are to solve a murder mystery in order
to put rest the soul of a wrongly-accused man who dies in prison.
Mysterium allows one player to be the ghost itself, who offers
hints to other players in the way of “dream cards”. The dream cards
will then lead players to the cards with details about the murder
weapon, location and suspects. Figuring out the connections between
these elements will help them find the murderer.
Playing the ghost can be fun, as Tony Mastrangeli, a game
reviewer, puts it, “For me, some of the most fun comes from playing

the ghost role. I like steering the ship and handing out cards.”

Codenames
Codenames starts players out with cards. Each card bears a word
on the front and a secret identity on the reverse. Players are divided
into two teams, red team and blue team. Each team has a leader, or
“spymaster”, who owns a map of each hidden identity. It’s then their
job to give out clues so the team members can find their own spies.
Spymasters can only indicate the word on the card following a
strict format: a single word followed by a number. For example, if the
cards bearing “cactus (仙人掌)” and “heat” both belong to the red
team, the clue can be “desert, two”. The red team members will then
start discussing the clues and try to find the two cards that relate to
“desert”.

Pandemic: Legacy
In this game, you and your friends play a team of doctors and
scientists, who can help to prevent four deadly diseases from wiping
out humanity. This is a cooperative game, which means you and your
teammates either live together or die together.
By drawing an instruction card, teammates will be able to move,
treat diseases or build a research station. If they draw one of the five
“epidemic” (流行病) cards, the city will suffer a disease outbreak. If
handled wrong, outbreaks might lead to a chain reaction and cause
things to crash down.
Pandemic: Legacy requires you to look at the bigger picture
before making any decisions. Finding the balance between treating
diseases and seeking more permanent cures is a constant challenge.

60. Playing the ghost in Mysteriumoffers you a lot of fun because __________.
A. you can bring the poor man back to life
B. you can solve the murder mystery by yourself
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C. you can dominate the whole game
D. you can select your partners
61. In Codenames, what clue may the Spymaster give for the cards bearing “agency”, “climate” and
“fountain”?
A. “architecture, 3” B. “tourism, 3” C. “location, 3” D. “geology, 3”
62. Which of the following is NOT true about Pandemic: Legacy?
A. It’s a role-play game.
B. Its players need to beat one another.
C. It provides fun and mental challenge.
D. It calls for carefulness and comprehensive thinking to win the challenge.

(C)
The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and once again
you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year.
And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or “cooking geniuses”
or “TV geniuses”. We have so weakened “genius” that it’s fast joining the company of “natural” and “mindful”
(留心), words left inactive through overuse and misuse.
Admittedly, the word is tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to raw intelligence.
But many of humanity’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs.
Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition also falls
short. During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did, but history doesn’t
remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t
able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a new angle”.
The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it- all, someone who, working with the material available to all
of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not merely an extra advance,
but a conceptual leap. As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one else can hit;
genius hits the target no one else can see.
We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often grant the title of genius on talented people hitting visible
targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had, for the first
time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-years away. It was a remarkable
discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe. It merely
confirmed Einstein’s general theory of relativity.
As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor? Digital
technology, and the convenience it represents, so naturally we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our
“geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t.
The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a bit easier, a
bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult, more unsettled.
William Shakespeare’s words provide more anxiety than relief, and the world felt a bit more secure before
Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world, but they haven’t yet
changedour worldview.
We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by putting the brakes on Genius Flooding.

63. The key factor that sets geniuses and talents apart is that __________.
A. geniuses have a larger range of knowledge B. geniuses have access to far more resources
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