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Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Almost everyone is brought up speaking a local dialect. That’s because we learn dialects
through daily life, not formal education. Now, some people want to formalize the study of dialects.
Many Shanghai parents send their children to nursery schools that use the Shanghai dialect
__17__ their standard instructional（教学的）language, reported China Daily in August.
The aim of such centers is __18__ (spread) the Shanghai dialect and bring it to children’s
lives Hu Yun, principal of the Xiaoning Nursery Center in Shanghai, told China Daily.
However, this has raised heated debates.
Some are afraid that learning dialects at such an early age __19__ affect their learning of
Mandarin, “__20__ (use) the Shanghai dialect in daily instructional activities might cause kids to
have accents when they learn Mandarin.” Huang Yu, Senior 2, form Chengdu Shude High School,
told TEENS.
Daily.
Qian’s concern is not unfounded（毫无根据的）. There are over 130 dialects spoken in
However, some people especially parents advised children __21__ (speak) their own dialects.
“As a local Shanghai resident, the last thing I want is to see people in Shanghai no long
speaking the dialect.” Qian Jing, a parent who sends her child to the nursery center, told China
China. Among them, 48 are used by fewer than 5,000 people and a total of 25 dialects have fewer
than 1,000 speakers, according to a 2016 report by Guangming Daily.
The situation has concerned experts __22__ dialects are seen as more than just languages.
“As an essential part of local cultures, dialects need __23__ (protect),” Luo Xinru, a
linguist（语音学家）at Hunan Normal University, told Hunan Daily. “A dialect conveys rich
information about the history and culture of a place, __24__ helps young people to be in touch with
their cultural heritage（遗产）”. For example, many folk arts such as Huangmei Opera, Shaartxi
Opera and sketches __25__ (perform) in local tongue.
Besides, the Chinese government __26__ (take) action to protect dialects these years. The
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ministry of Education and the National Language Commission launched a project in 2015, aiming
to survey, protect, display and develop language resources.
Additionally, schools and kindergartens around the country have started teaching some
subjects in local dialects, reported China Daily.
“People’s awareness and contribution matter a great deal to the cultural bonds between the
past and the future,” commented West China Metropolis Daily.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be
sued once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. exploration B. domestic C. released D. innovative
I. context
E. loosely
J. rise F. contemporary
K. classical
G. absolutely H. original
When Harmony OS, the Chinese self- developed operating system for Huawei mobile
devices, was __27__ on August 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it
not only represent the __28__ of the country as a tech power, but also pays tribute to（致敬）
__29__ Chinese culture by naming the system “Hongmeng” in Chinese.
“Hongmeng” is a classical word from the Taoist test Zhuangzi. In the ancient times of
Chinese myths and legends, “Hongmeng” was used to describe the __30__ state of the universe
before matter existed.
For Harmony OS, “Hongmeng” indicates the developer’s aim to make an __31__ operating
system, unlike any other. Besides “Hongmeng”, Huawei has also registered many of its products
under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese mythology. For example, the company’s Kirin
mobile chip got its name after a mythical lucky monster called “Qilin”. And its server chip is called
“Kunpeng”, a mathical creature that changed from a fish into a giant bird.
noted.
In fact, Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures. Ne Zha, the
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Many Chinese internet users and media have praised Huawei’s use of these names, “as they
stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people’s imagination and spirit of __32__”, Global Times
new film, also portrays traditional culture in a modern __33__. Earlier this month it became the
biggest animated movie in China and was called “the glorious light of __34__ anime（动画片）.”
The movie is __35__ based on the well-known work of classical Chinese mythology The
Investiture of the Gods（《封神演义》）. Unlike his attractive heroic character in previous
cinematic works, Ne Zha is shown as a rebellious underdog, who has to overcome hardship and his
dark fate to become a hero.
The main character, Ne Zha, has also changed his attitude, becoming the “epitome（典范）
of the rebellious but righteous youth”. Many young Chinese people can relate to Ne zha, who
encourages them to become dream- chasers and fate-changers.
Indeed, the long history and splendid classic works have given China a profound culture.
Myths and legends are the creative works of tremendous imagination. As Global Times put it, today
by revisiting and incorporating a modern context, “ancient mythology has the power to ignite（点
燃）imagination in __36__ young people.” After all, imagination is the beginning of creation.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Fill in each blank with the
Every culture on the planet has certain topics that people avoid discussing. But the taboos(禁忌)
of cultures be very different from those of another. You may be ____37____ that people from other
cultures say what you can’t talk about.
Paying attention to what people don’t __38__ can teach us something important about their
culture. Their taboo topics give us clues about what they value, respect or even fear. Topics that are
considered too personal or too controversial（有争议的）may also be avoided.
America is full of taboo topics. Usually, during a polite conversation, Americans will
__39__ both politics and religion. They also avoid talking about racial issues. Why? Because these
topics can cause strong opinions and __40__. Americans believer it’s best to avoid them -- especially
at social gatherings.
Many Americans also do not feel __41__ talking about their personal income, age or health.
__42__, they prefer to make small talks about the weather, sports or common interests.
What do these taboos tell us about American __43__? For one, they show that Americans
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place importance on __44__. America certainly isn’t the only place that values it. You will find
__45__ taboos about asking personal questions in many European countries. “This is especially true
in Germany”, says Hanna Graf, a German living in Shanghai. “In Germany, you are not supposed
to ask about other people’s personal business,” she says. “But there are no __46__ rules about what
you can’t ask; it’s just in people’s minds.”
In Brazil, __47__, almost anything seems open to discussion. “Brazilians talk about all
kinds of personal issues,” says Mark Quinlan, who grew up in Brazil. But of course, even Brazil has
its own taboos. In Brazil, soccer is the one topic that can turn friends into enemies. Brazilians love
the sport. Saying anything __48__ about soccer can cause big trouble. Even expressing preference
for one team over another can be __49__.
Like Brazilians, Australians talk freely about almost anything. However, they do not talk
about their personal or business __50__. They prefer to let people judge them by their actions, not
their words. Boasting your accomplishments will only make you the __51__ of other people’s jokes.
And what about your taboos? The next time you have conversation, pay attention to what
isn’t said. You might be amazed at what you learn about your own culture.
37. A. excited
38. A. stress
39. A. rule out
40. A. arguments
41. A. embarrassed
42. A. Besides
43. A. values
44. A. impression
45. A. accessible
46. A. specialized
47. A. moreover
48. A. important
49. A. beneficial
B. surprised
B. consider
B. take to
B. interactions
B. relaxed
B. Occasionally
B. features
B. independence
B. unique
B. written
B. however
B. worthless
B. impressive
C. fascinated
C. remind
C. touch upon
C. agreements
C. confused
C. Frankly
C. status
C. privacy
C. similar
C. abstract
C. therefore
C. magical
C. dangerous
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D. relieved
D. discuss
D. focus on
D. relationships
D. disappointed
D. Instead
D. freedom
D. freedom
D. aggressive
D. accurate
D. anyhow
D. negative
D. emotional
50. A. achievements B. appointments C. agreements
51. A. audience B. designer C. target
D. acknowledgement
D. interpreter
Section B
A
Maura Graber, who has been teaching manners to children and adults for 15 years, offers
me advice on make-up etiquette in public.
You can’t make up at the table other than touch up lipstick. It is much better to excuse
yourself from the table and do it in the restroom. If you are going to take the risk to do this in public,
the proper way is to turn slightly in your seat, with one hand holding a mirror, then look down
toward the mirror and touch up the lipstick with the other hand.
If you notice something stuck between your front teeth, you are not allowed to remove it !
Restaurant sometimes offer toothpicks at the table, but that does not mean that they are used there.
No matter how beautiful you may be, no one really wants to see what the inside of your mouth looks
like, except maybe your dentist. A woman or a man, for that matter, picking their teeth in public is
just not an attractive sight.
Don’t brush or comb your hair at the table either! No one wants pieces of your hair as a
souvenir on their clothes, or worse, in their food. Also, you should never perform hair maintenance
in public. The smell of hairspray does not agree with some, no matter how small the “touch-up” is.
If you just need a quick brush, excuse yourself to the restroom to do it.
Etiquette is based on consideration for others. Don’t risk being viewed as offensive when
it only means a few moments of your time to avoid it.
52. The word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to “_______”.
A. touch up lipstick B. excuse yourself from the table
D. look down toward the mirror C. turn slightly in your seat
53. Paragraph 3 intends to tell us _______.
A. no one wants to see the inside of your mouth
B. how to use toothpicks at the table
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