taif初中英语语法 主谓一致详解练习

2021年1月13日发(作者：汪湛恩)


初中英语语法之主谓一致
主谓一致常考点：作主语，谓语)，不可数名词作主语
时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词1. 单数名词(代词) 用复数形式。
这张桌子是汤姆的。 's. The desk is Tom Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子
里。 . The students are playing football on the playground. 学生正在操场上踢足球
动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： 2.
眼见为实。 To see is to believe. 做眼保健操对眼睛有好处。Doing eye exercises is good for your
eyes.
读书和看报纸对学习有好处。Reading newspapers and magazines is good for our study.


is）newspapers and magazines为复数，但是句子的主语是reading，所以动词依旧是（虽然 Eating
candies and chocolates is bad for our teeth.吃糖和巧克力对牙齿不好。

is）candies and chocolates
为复数，但是句子的主语是eating，所以动词依旧是（同理，虽然
3.“many a+单数名词”（许多）或者“ more than one+单数名词”（超过一个）作主语，意义虽然
是复数，但谓语要用单数形式。
Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
Many a student likes reading. 许多学生喜欢阅读。
More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试不及格
More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整
体概念，谓语用单数形式。
Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Twenty pounds isn't so heavy. 2 0磅并不太重。
Ten miles isn't a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。
Two thousand dollars is a large sum of money. 2000美金是很大一笔钱

5. 主语为one of , each of等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：
One of my favorite sports is basketball.
One of the students is reading.

6. each, either, neither, another, the other +名词 作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Each student has his own dictionary.
Either answer is correct. 两个答案中有一个是正确的。
Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。
Another solution（解决的办法）to the problem is needed.
One student is reading while the other student is reading.

7. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone,
作主语，谓语动词用单数。everything, nobody, no one, nothing






Each of them has an English dictionary.
Is everyone here today? 今天大家到齐了吗？
Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。
Nobody was in the classroom. 没人在教室。

8. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths,
physics等。
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

某些以- s结尾的地理名称，例如国名，如the United States，the Netherlands等，或者是组织名字：
the United Nations（联合国），谓语动词用作单数。
The United States is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。
The United Nations is an international organization

9. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；
Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。

10. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式
Swimming and walking are good exercises.

例外：
① and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
The bread and the butter are their main food. （面包和黄油作为两种独立的食物）
The bread and butter is his favorite food. （抹了黄油的面包这一种食物）
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.

② every, each, no, many a 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数．
No teacher and (no) student has seen the film.
No food and (no) water is in the house.






Reading newspapers and taking a walk after dinner are good habits.










A knife and fork is on the table. （这个里面knife和fork是一套餐具，算一个整体）








Each boy and (each) girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
Every boy and (every) girl has got a seat.
Many a boy and many a girl has already seen the film.



③ one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half cake is on the table.

11. 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介
词短语时，因为介词短语是起 修饰的作用，所以谓语动词由介词短语之前的名词的单复数决定，
与介词短语之后的名词无关。
（句子括号部分为修饰成分）The fruit (like apples, oranges) is good for our health.
Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

12. A or B, either A or B，neither A nor B, not only A but also B, not A but B,谓语动词的单复数采用
就近原则
The teacher or the students are going to the museum.
Is the teacher or the students going to the museum?
Either my wife or I am going.
Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.
Not only you but also he is ready to leave.
Not the teacher but the students are going to the museum.

a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。
A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。

13. 以here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与最近的主语一致。
There is a book and three pens on the desk.
Here comes the bus the cars.

14. 如果主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。但
“a variety of, a number of +名词复数”，表示“许多”，动词要用复数形式。
A series of taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.一系列磁带已备好在语音室使用
A variety of books are listed on the shelf.

区别：
a number of+复数名词“许多…”表示复数；
the number of +复数名词“…的数字”表示单数。
A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。
The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。

当kind of, pair of, glass of 等短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind, pair, glass等一致。
This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom's trousers are very old.
There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。

15. ① people, cattle, police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，
The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.
People here are very friendly.

② family，class，group，team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，
若指具体的所有成员时，谓语动词复数形式。
His family isn't large. 表示“家庭”，他家的人不多。
My family all like watching TV. 表示“家人”，我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。+③“定冠词