gex(完整版)初中英语语法之现在完成时讲解练习答案

2021年1月13日发(作者：胡云松)
现在完成时

【现在完成时】

A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的 动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动
作或状态。
【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点, for+数字+时间名词, in the past few months/years等
【构成】 肯定形式：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +done
一般疑问句：have或has放于句首
B. 现在完成时的用法
1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。
eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）
Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）
区别：have been to, have gone to, have been in
have been to,表示去过某个地方，不过现在已经回来了
have gone to表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中
have been in指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在
例如：你以前去过北京么？
例如：A: Is at home?
B: No,he is not in, （他去香港了）
2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用 for和since表示
一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。
eg. He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 2001.
Now I have finished the work.
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，di e，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表
示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动 作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和
since（自从） 或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。
由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：
arrive →be here
begin(start)→be on
die →be dead
come back →be back
leave →be away
fall ill(sick, asleep)
→be ill(sick, asleep)
get up →be up
go out →be out
finish →be over
put on →wear 或be on
open →be open
join →be in

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或be a member of…
close →be closed
go to school →be a student
borrow →keep
buy →have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)
get to know →know
begin to study →study
come to work →work
例题




（ ） he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.

A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away
（ ）2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in
（ ） factory ____ since the February of 1988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
（ ） and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become
（ ） mustn't_____ until he comes back.
A. be away B. leave C. be left
（ ） meeting _____ for a week now.
A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over
（ ） Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught
（ ） ______ a teacher for 4 years.
A. has been B. has become C. was D. became
（ ）9. I ______ home for a week.
A. have returned B. have been back C. returned
（ ）10. How long _______ he ________ ?
A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead
（ ）11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.
A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept
（ ） ________ the car for a week.
A. bought B. has bought C. has had
（ ）13.---How long _____ you _____ ill ?
---Two weeks.
A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been
（ ） 2000, he _____ his hometown.
A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from
（ ）15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.
A. borrow B. keep C. take

练习
[单项选择]
（ ）1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they ______what's happened to him.
A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know
（ ）2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he ?
A. already B. never C. ever D. still
（ ）3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago
（ ）4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .

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