麝鼠专升本综合英语阅读写作翻译训练题一

2021年1月13日发(作者：莫艾)
专业英语专业知识真题
(考试时间120分钟，满分150）
答题说明：(1)选择题 部分的答案请再答题卡上相应的子母中间划横线，如【A】
(2)主观题的答案写在答题纸上相应的位置 。
注意事项：答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
g(100points)
Section ALetter- writing(30points)
WriteonANSERSHEETathank-you]o tterofabout60-80wordsbasedon
thefollowingsituat ion:
our
thank-youletterto
'Tneedtowritet heheadingandinsideaddress.
Markswillbeawardedfo rcontent,organization,grammarand
appropriacy.SectionBComposition(70points)
Itissaidthatdiv orceratekeepsgoingupnow,Somepeople

youropin ion?
WriteonANSWERSHEETacompositionofabout150wo rdsonthefollowing
topic:
MarriageandDivorce< br>Youaresupposedtowriteinthreeparts.
Inthefirs tpart,stateyourpointofview.
Inthesecondpart,giv eoneortworeasonstosupportyourpointof
view.
I nthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconc lusion.
Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizati on,grammarand
appropriacy.
ation(50points)SectionCTranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish(20poi nts,4for
each)
1，
2，
3，
4，
5，
我们想心平气和，通情达理地通过直接谈判解决问题。
对不同文化价值观少了解或不了解时，就会产生 跨文化交际的困难。
不要把钱看得太重，否则你有可能做出有失身份的事。
他们听到那起野蛮的 绑架消息后感到毛骨悚然。
假如我们能正视，承受，并接受失败的话，失败有助于个人的成长，
还增进人际关系。
SectionDTranslatethesesentencesintoChi nese(30poin~,6foreach)
doctorseverlietobenefitt heirpatients--tospeedrecovery
ortoconcealtheapp roachofdeath?
ationshipoftheindividualtohiscult ureisanalogousto
orputshisownactingbutis
nev erthelessinfluencedbythedirector.
shmayperish,o urhandswillwither,butthatwhichthey
createinbeau tyandgoodnessandtruthlivesonforalltimetocome.
a ceofthetensionsandpressuresweallfaceeverysingle
day,litytolaughis
crucialtoourfullestdevelopme nt,toourhealth
eisabetterteacherthansuccesssinc esuccessalways
encouragesrepetitionofoldbehavio rwhereasfailurecanpromptfresh
thinking,achangeo fdirection.
第二部分阅读
lary(10points,Iforeach)Directions:Readeachofthefollowingsentencescarefu lly,andchoose
A,B,C,orDtocompletethesentences.< br>believethatthenumber8bringsfortuneorgood
luc k.

2.

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyha ppen___,dreamactivitymaybe
provokedbyexternalin fluences.
neously
B.

simultaneouslyneously
D.
instantaneously
computation, heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewould
costhi mathousanddollars.

nonsense.

oryabou tthefrogturningintoaprinceis

ldpaintthewall sandceilingsthesamecolorsothey
together.

g

themindonlywithmaterialofknowledge;itist hinking
thatmakeswhatwereadours.
hes
,the authoroftheplay,saidthattheresemblanceofthehero
toanactualpersonwasapure
t
herparents
is reallyterrible.
ornon
aise
upon
hermus icalability,Jerry'spianoplaying
D.
upon
c astlight
ntto
sidentarguedthatthedepressions temmedfromtheAmerican
economy's
ining
fla ws.
ying
ndofmaterialcan

heatandmoist ure.

Ⅱ.ReadingComprehension(120point,3forea ch)
Directions:Inthissectiontherearesixpassages followedbyquestions
orunfinishedstatement,eachw ithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,Cor
DChoosethe onethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.
Passage1
Theuniversitiesfromwhichourownaredescendedwerefoun dedinthe
reestablishedeitherbycorporationsofstu dentswanting
tolearn,asinItaly,orbyteacherswant ingtoteachasinFrance.
Corporationsthathadspecia lorcustomaryprivilegesforthepurposeof
carryingo uttheintentionsoftheincorporatorswerecommoninthose days.
TheuniversitycorporationsoftheMiddleAgesa ttheheightoftheirpower
werenotresponsibletoanyb ody,inthesensethattheycouldnotbebrought
aimed,a ndmadegoodtheirclaim,complete
independenceofall secularandreligiouscontrolTheAmericanuniversity
was,however,atfirstacorporationformedbyareligious denominationor
bythestateforthepurposesoftheden ominationorthestate.
TheAmericanuniversityinthe seventeenthcenturywasmuchcloserto
itan
commu nitiesneededministersandprofessionalmenandsoestabl ished
,religiousgroupsbuiltuniversitiesin
mp le,theUniversityofChicago
wasfoundedbydevoutBap tiststocombattherisingtideofMethodisminthe
side ntandtrusteesoftheuniversitywererequiredto
have theproperreligiousaffiliationsinordertokeeptheuniv ersityon
ately,eller,
WilliamRaineyHarper,an dtheenlightenedwingoftheBaptistChurch
preserved theuniversityfromtoonarrowaninterpretationofitspur pose.
esthepassagemainlydiscussed?
ortanceof theuniversities.
versitiesoftheMiddleAges.
e ntpurposesoffoundinguniversities.
ansuniversiti esoftheeighteenthcentury.
assage,thephrasetoboo k(Para.1)mostprobably
means
oteachcertainboo ks.
toordercertainbooks.
edtoexplaincertain< br>fthefollowingbestdescribesthebasicmotiveforfoun dinga
universityinaPuritancommunity?
agandiz ethereligiousideasofthePuritans.
studentsstudyt heirreligion.
ertmorepeople.
idenecessaryper sonnelforthePuritancommunities.
pliedthattheUni versityofChicago
entaperiodofliberalization
dedinfightingtheinfluenceofMethodists
ueofthepu rpose
books.
edtoexplaintheiractions.
ell er
hefollowingstatementsaretrueinthepassageEXCE PT
ellerhelpedtosetuptheUniversityofChicago.
versitycorporationsoftheMiddleAgeswereindependent
ricanuniversitytodaywassimilartotheuniversityo fthe
seventeenthcentury
nchuniversitiesweref oundedbygroupsofprofessors.
Passage2
Through outhistorymanhaschangedhisphysicalenvironmentinord er
toimprovehiswayoflife.
Withthetoolsoftech nologyhehasalteredmanyphysicalfeaturesof
ransfo rmedwoodlandsintofarmland,andmadelakesand

h asalsomodifiedthefaceoftheearthbydrainingmarshesan dcutting
throughmountainstobuildroadsandrailway s.
However,man'schangestothephysicalenvironment havenotalways
,pollutionoftheairandwaterisaninc reasing
ythousandsoftonsofgasescome
outofthe exhaustsofmotorvehicles;smokefromfactoriespollutes theair

incitiesisbecomingincreasinglyunheal thy.
ea,pollutionfrom
oilisincreasingandiski llingenormousnumbersofalgae(水藻),fishand
e
ri alwasteshavealreadymademanyrivers
lifeless.
Conservationistsbelievethatitisnownecessaryformant olimitthe
growthoftechnologyinordertosurviveone arth.
changedhisphysicalenvironmentwithaviewto< br>ngthephysicalfeaturesof
theearth
inghiswa yoflife
ingtothepassage,pollutionoftheairandwat eriscausedby
ndsoftonsofgasescomingoutoftheexha ustsofmotorvehicles
ngesoftheenvironmentthattec hnologyhasbroughttoman
inghissurroundings
in gthefaceoftheplanet
reasingamountofoilthathasbe enproduced
rialwastesdischargedintorivers
lo gicalbalanceoftheseaislostwhen
consumemorefisht hantheyusedto
logicalbalanceoftheriverislost
umbersofalgae,fishandbirdsarekilled
ductionofm arinepetroleumisincreased
ldmostprobablydisagre ewithconservationists?
A.
Industrialists.
ists.
ssmen.
D.
Environmentalis
ts
poseofthewriteris
cemoderntechnology
oveman 'swayoflife
peoplenottochangethenaturalenvironm ent
attentiontotheprotectionofthenaturalenviron ment
Passage3
ericalskillsofchildren
deve lopsoearlyandsoinexorablythatitiseasytoimagineanin ternal
clockofmathematicalmaturityguidingtheirg rowth.
learningtowalkandtalk,
Notlongaftertheycansetthetablewithimpressive
accuracy--on eplate,oneknife,onespoon,onefork,foreachofthefive< br>eyarecapableofnotingthattheyhaveplacedfiveknive s,
spoons,andforksonthetable,andabitlater,thatt hisamountstofifteen
thusmasteredaddition,theymo veonto
salmostreasonabletoexpectthatifachildwer e
secludedonadesertislandatbirthandretrievedsev enyearslater,heor
shecouldenterasecond-grademat hematicsclasswithoutanyseriousproblems
ofintell ectualadjustment.
Ofcourse,kofcognitive
psyc hologistshasilluminatedthesubtleformsofdailylearni ngonwhich
enwereobservedastheyslowly
grasped --or,asthecasemightbe,bumpedinto-conceptsthatadult stakefor
granted,astheyrefused,forinstance,toco ncedethatquantityisunchanged
logists
havesin cedemonstratedthatyoungchildren,askedtocountthepen cils,on
apile,readilyreportthenumberofblueorred pencils,butmustbecoaxed
udieshavesuggestedthatt herudimentsof
mathematicsaremasteredgradually,v ealsosuggested
thattheveryconceptofabstractnumb ers--theideaofaoneness,twoness,
athreenessthata ppliestoanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisitefor
doinganythingmoremathematicallydemandingthansettin gatable--isitself
farmoreinnate.
esthepassag emainlydiscuss?
inteachingmathematicstochildren .
ofmathematicsinchildpsychology.
elopmentof mathematicalabilityinchildren.
damentalconcepts ofmathematicsthatchildrenmustlearn.
einferredfr omthepassagethatchildrennormallylearnsimple
cou nting
tertheylearntotalk
ingattheclock
ey begintobe
mathematicallymature
heyreachschoo lgradein
school
ingtothepassage,whensmallchi ldrenwereaskedtocountapile
ofredandbluepencils, they__
dthenumberofpencilsofeachother
dtheto talnumberofpencils
donlythepencilsoftheirfavori tecolor
ctedthenumberofredpencilsfromthenumberb luepencils.
ditselfinlastsentencerefersto
al
ceptofabstractnumber
ssofobjects
gatable
dinparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaningto

Pas sage4
More
que
surprising,perhaps,thanthe currentdifficultiesof
traditionalmarriageisthef actthatmarriageitselfisaliveandthriving.
AsSkol nicknotes,Americansaremarryingpeople:relativetoEur opeans,more
er,afteradeclineinthe
early1970s ,therateofmarriageintheUnitedStatesisnowincreasing .
Eventhedivorcerateneedstobetakeninthispro-mar riagecontext:some
,marriageremains,byfar,
th epreferredwayoflifeforthevastmajorityofpeopleinour society.
five
yearsago,thetypicalAmericanfam ilyconsistedofahusband,awife,and
,therearemanym arriagesinwhichcoupleshave
rearemanymarriageswh ereatleast
someofthechildrenarefromthewife'spre viousmarriage,orthehusband'
s,mesthesechildrens pendalloftheirtimewithoneparent
fromtheformerma rriage;sometimestheyaresharedbetweenthetwoformerspouses(配偶).
Thus,re
marriageswithoutchild ren;marriageswithchildrenfromonlythepresent
mar riage;marriageswithchildrenfromthepresentmarriagea nd
restepfathers,
stepmothers,half-brothers, tallthatunusualfor
achildtohavefourparentsandei ghtgrandparents!Theseareenormous
nso,eveninthem idst
ofallthis,thereremainsoneconstant:mostAmer icansspendmostoftheir
adultlivesmarried.
ing Americansmarryingpeopletheauthormeansthat
ansar emoretraditionalthanEuropeans
ansexpectmoreouto fmarriagethanEuropeans
nEurope
Americans,asc omparedwithEuropeans,prefermarriageandthey
acce ptitatayoungerage
edAmericans
stlikelyremarr y