不再产品设计英文论文

2021年1月14日发(作者：胥午梅)


THE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY THE
UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK – WARWICK
MANUFACTURING GROUP INTEGRATED GRADUATE
DEVELOPMENT SCHEME
Post Module Assignment
PRODUCT DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
MANAGEMENT

Name: YU XI RUI
Student ID: 1040634

2012/6/7






CONTENT
(Total 3,351 Words)
PART A
QUESTION THREE

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1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 Understanding of question

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1.2 Scope of My Answer

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2 GREEN DESIGN

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2.1 Objectives for Green Design

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2.2 Main Contents of Green Design 4
2.3 Green Design Procedures

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3 SYSTEMS THINKING 6
3.1 Modular Design

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3.2 Cycle Design 6
4 SOME GREEN DESIGN METHODS AND TOOLS 7
5 CONCLUSION 11


PART B 13
1 STRENGTHS



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2 WEAKNESS

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3 LEARNING POINTS



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REFERENCES





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PART A
Question 3
During the module you have been introduced to many management techniques
and influencing considerations to the effective management of design.
There are many different drivers for new product development. In some
circumstances more of a‘push’ management technique may be used, such as
designing green products or health/lifestyle choices – Select one such area and
discuss how these considerations can be captured in a product development
process.

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Understanding of the question
Nowadays, more and more diverse drivers for new product development occurred.
‘Push’ management technique is no longer a best choice for companies. Designing
green products reflects rethinking of environment ecological damage caused by
modern science and technology, and also reflects the return of the designer ethics and
social responsibility.
How the environment considerations can be captured in a product development
process is becoming the first priority for designers and managers. Green design is not
only a kind of design methods but also a philosophy for every area in the life.
1.2 Scope of my answer
1. A brief introduction of green design.
1) Objectives for green design
2) Main contents of green design
3) Green design procedures
2. Two major systems thinking
3. Introduce various methods and tools for green design and the different functions
of various methods.

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2 GREEN DESIGN
2.1 Objectives for Green Design
In the long river of human history, the industrial design created the modern living
environment and style, while at the same time it speeds up the depletion of energy and
materials and brings great damages to ecological balance.
The green design is the design to fully consider the impact on resources and the
environment the whole process of product life cycle, and also to consider the
product's features, quality, cycle time and cost, while optimizing all relevant factors in
order to minimize the overall negative impact on the environment during the product
and its manufacturing process, to make the indicators of the product stay in line with
the requirements of the green products.
Important consideration for environmental attributes throughout the life cycle of the
product (disassembly, recyclability, maintainability, reuse, etc.) should be approached.
2.2 Main contents of Green Design
Green product design include green material selection design, green manufacturing
process design, product recyclability design, product design for disassembly, green
packaging design, green logistics design, green service design, and green recycle
design.
1. Green material selection and management.
The so- called green materials refer to renewable, recyclable, and low environmental
pollution, low energy and materials resume. Therefore, good environmental
compatibility materials and parts, non-toxic, harmless and non-radioactive materials
should be preferred first. The used materials should be easy to reuse, recycling,
remanufacturing or easily degraded in order to improve resource utilization and
achieve sustainable development.
2. Recyclability of the products design.
During design process designers should take full account of the possibility of product
parts recycling, recycling methods, cost recovery and other issues to save material,
conserve energy, and minimize environmental pollution.

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Recyclable design includes diverse aspects.
1) The recyclable material identification and marking.
2) Recycling process methods.
3) Structural design of recyclability.
4) The economic analysis and evaluation of recyclability.
3. Assembly and disassembly of the product design.
Under the premise of meeting the functional requirements and operation requirements,
structure and shape and types of parts and material composition of should be
minimized as little as possible in order to reduce assembly and disassembly cost. And
easy disassembly linking methods should be used and the number of demolition of
parts of the fastener should be minimized.
4. Description and modeling of green products.
Accurate and comprehensive description of green products, the establishment of green
product evaluation model is the key to green design.
5. Cost analysis of green products.
Green products cost analysis should consider the cost of dealing with pollutants, the
cost of disassembly, reuse costs in order to achieve the win-win purpose of economic
benefits and environmental quality.
2.3 Green Design Procedures
1. Market research.
Network-based survey, supplemented by field trips is used to collect customers'
requirements and creativity by the form of a questionnaire or design contest, and
grasp the approximate price of the target object. Collecting information about science,
technology and law from patents and news is conducive to product material selection,
process and structure design, and investigating the corporate culture, production
capacity, equipment, and green degree.
2. The raw material selection.
The green material is a kind of material owns good environmental compatibility under
the premise of the general functional requirements satisfaction. Green material owns

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maximum utilization of resources and minimal environmental impact in various
stages of preparation, use and disposal life cycle.
In order to facilitate the effective recycling of the product, it is necessary to minimize
the types of materials in the product and consider the compatibility between the
materials. Good compatibility between the materials which means that these materials
can be recycled together can greatly reduce the workload of the demolition and
classification.
The designers should maximize the use of natural materials for production material,
extensive use of waste, garbage, waste and other waste. Selecting abandoned
materials as much as possible could reduce the pressure of the landfill.
Purchase of locally produced materials, and reflect the design of provincialism. Avoid
the use of the material that may the release pollutants. Maximize the use of renewable
materials, and minimum use of non-renewable materials.
3. Environment consideration in design.
Structure design should use the principle of ergonomics to make users feel
comfortable and happy, no sense of oppression; should also avoid hazards of
electromagnetic radiation, noise, toxic gases, irritant gases and liquids.
Environmental performance of products must also be taken into account;
Regarding environmental performance as the design objective is one of the main
features of green design which is different from traditional designs.
As different products have different environmental performance, the design should
meet the requirement separately based on product characteristics and the using
environment.
Extended life of the product can play a role in environmental protection, the designer
on the basis of analysis of product features and economy, use a variety of advanced
design theory and tools in order to make products designed to meet current and future
market demand for a long time.
The environment consideration should aim at improving ecological environment and
upgrades the living equality. Multiple functional products could better meet the
requirement of environment consideration.

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Reducing redundant design in the design process can help control the damage to
environment, such as less of a box, less a difficult recovery of nylon rope or metal
edge, and less the color of the design work.
4. Production.
Green design in production concludes green manufacturing process design, product
recyclability design, product design for disassembly, green packaging design, and
green logistics design and so on.

1) Green manufacturing process design
Using low energy consumption and zero-damage environment technology during the
consumption is quite necessary. Highly toxic materials such as formaldehyde, halide
solvents or aromatic hydrocarbons may not be used in product formulation and
production process; product shall not contain mercury and its compounds, pigments
and additives.
2) Product recyclability design
In modeling stage of the product design, its internal structure design should be as
simplistic, miniaturization and standardization as possible.
Simplifying the surface technology of the product is another way of product
recyclability design. At present, for the aesthetic needs some of the products use
plating, painting and other process on its surface. Emissions of toxic gases bring a
great impact on the environment, and the damage to the human body is staggering.
3) Green packaging design
Green packaging materials should be first priority. Advocated biodegradable plastic
bags are a good representative, which is made of biodegradable and degradable
materials and buried underground in a disused become the food of microorganisms in
the soil and degrade quickly which helps solving
Simplify the packaging, putting multiple products of the same class into one box,
which also reduce the number of the released product specifications.
For example, in 2008, Hewlett-Packard Company reduces 97% of the raw material
usage and space occupy in laptop computer package, thus reducing the loading
volume of the box and transportation costs.

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